The integration of neural information by a passive kinetic stimulus and galvanic vestibular stimulation in the lateral vestibular nucleus

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 1621-1633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyutae Kim ◽  
Kyu-Sung Kim ◽  
Sangmin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Vestibular Nucleus ◽  
Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
Lateral Vestibular Nucleus ◽  
Neural Information

scholarly journals The influence of scopolamine on motor control and attentional processes

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Bestaven ◽  
Charline Kambrun ◽  
Dominique Guehl ◽  
Jean-René Cazalets ◽  
Etienne Guillaud
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Motion Sickness ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Vestibular Nucleus ◽  
Parabolic Flight ◽  
Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Attentional Processes ◽  
Perception Of Verticality

Background:Motion sickness may be caused by a sensory conflict between the visual and the vestibular systems. Scopolamine, known to be the most effective therapy to control the vegetative symptoms of motion sickness, acts on the vestibular nucleus and potentially the vestibulospinal pathway, which may affect balance and motor tasks requiring both attentional process and motor balance. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of scopolamine on motor control and attentional processes.Methods:Seven subjects were evaluated on four different tasks before and after a subcutaneous injection of scopolamine (0.2 mg): a one-minute balance test, a subjective visual vertical test, a pointing task and a galvanic vestibular stimulation with EMG recordings.Results:The results showed that the reaction time and the movement duration were not modified after the injection of scopolamine. However, there was an increase in the center of pressure displacement during the balance test, a decrease in EMG muscle response after galvanic vestibular stimulation and an alteration in the perception of verticality.Discussion:These results confirm that low doses of scopolamine such as those prescribed to avoid motion sickness have no effect on attentional processes, but that it is essential to consider the responsiveness of each subject. However, scopolamine did affect postural control and the perception of verticality. In conclusion, the use of scopolamine to prevent motion sickness must be considered carefully because it could increase imbalances in situations when individuals are already at risk of falling (e.g., sailing, parabolic flight).

Galvanic vestibular stimulation counteracts hypergravity-induced plastic alteration of vestibulo-cardiovascular reflex in rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 1089-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chikara Abe ◽  
Kunihiko Tanaka ◽  
Chihiro Awazu ◽  
Hironobu Morita
Keyword(s):  
Vestibular System ◽  
Vestibular Nucleus ◽  
Pressor Response ◽  
Linear Acceleration ◽  
Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
Vertical Movement ◽  
Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
Medial Vestibular Nucleus ◽  
Vertical Movements ◽  
Cardiovascular Reflex

Recent data from our laboratory demonstrated that, when rats are raised in a hypergravity environment, the sensitivity of the vestibulo-cardiovascular reflex decreases. In a hypergravity environment, static input to the vestibular system is increased; however, because of decreased daily activity, phasic input to the vestibular system may decrease. This decrease may induce use-dependent plasticity of the vestibulo-cardiovascular reflex. Accordingly, we hypothesized that galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) may compensate the decrease in phasic input to the vestibular system, thereby preserving the vestibulo-cardiovascular reflex. To examine this hypothesis, we measured horizontal and vertical movements of rats under 1-G or 3-G environments as an index of the phasic input to the vestibular system. We then raised rats in a 3-G environment with or without GVS for 6 days and measured the pressor response to linear acceleration to examine the sensitivity of the vestibulo-cardiovascular reflex. The horizontal and vertical movement of 3-G rats was significantly less than that of 1-G rats. The pressor response to forward acceleration was also significantly lower in 3-G rats (23 ± 1 mmHg in 1-G rats vs. 12 ± 1 mmHg in 3-G rats). The pressor response was preserved in 3-G rats with GVS (20 ± 1 mmHg). GVS stimulated Fos expression in the medial vestibular nucleus. These results suggest that GVS stimulated vestibular primary neurons and prevent hypergravity-induced decrease in sensitivity of the vestibulo-cardiovascular reflex.

scholarly journals Repeated Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation Modified the Neuronal Potential in the Vestibular Nucleus

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Gyutae Kim ◽  
Sangmin Lee ◽  
Kyu-Sung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Glutamate Receptors ◽  
Vestibular Nucleus ◽  
Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
Neural Recording ◽  
Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
Neuronal Responses ◽  
Cerebellar Flocculus ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ampa And Nmda Receptors ◽  
Electrical Stimuli

Vestibular nucleus (VN) and cerebellar flocculus are known as the core candidates for the neuroplasticity of vestibular system. However, it has been still elusive how to induce the artificial neuroplasticity, especially caused by an electrical stimulation, and assess the neuronal information related with the plasticity. To understand the electrically induced neuroplasticity, the neuronal potentials in VN responding to the repeated electrical stimuli were examined. Galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) was applied to excite the neurons in VN, and their activities were measured by an extracellular neural recording technique. Thirty-eight neuronal responses (17 for the regular and 21 for irregular neurons) were recorded and examined the potentials before and after stimulation. Two-third of the population (63.2%, 24/38) modified the potentials under the GVS repetition before stimulation (p=0.037), and more than half of the population (21/38, 55.3%) changed the potentials after stimulation (p=0.209). On the other hand, the plasticity-related neuronal modulation was hardly observed in the temporal responses of the neurons. The modification of the active glutamate receptors was also investigated to see if the repeated stimulation changed the number of both types of glutamate receptors, and the results showed that AMPA and NMDA receptors decreased after the repeated stimuli by 28.32 and 16.09%, respectively, implying the modification in the neuronal amplitudes.

scholarly journals Effect of noisy galvanic vestibular stimulation on dynamic posture sway under visual deprivation in patients with bilateral vestibular hypofunction

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Po-Yin Chen ◽  
Ying-Chun Jheng ◽  
Chien-Chih Wang ◽  
Shih-En Huang ◽  
Ting-Hua Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Light Condition ◽  
Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
Lateral Deviation ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Vestibular Hypofunction ◽  
Dark Conditions ◽  
Bilateral Vestibular Hypofunction

AbstractA single-blind study to investigate the effects of noisy galvanic vestibular stimulation (nGVS) in straight walking and 2 Hz head yaw walking for healthy and bilateral vestibular hypofunction (BVH) participants in light and dark conditions. The optimal stimulation intensity for each participant was determined by calculating standing stability on a force plate while randomly applying six graded nGVS intensities (0–1000 µA). The chest–pelvic (C/P) ratio and lateral deviation of the center of mass (COM) were measured by motion capture during straight and 2 Hz head yaw walking in light and dark conditions. Participants were blinded to nGVS served randomly and imperceivably. Ten BVH patients and 16 healthy participants completed all trials. In the light condition, the COM lateral deviation significantly decreased only in straight walking (p = 0.037) with nGVS for the BVH. In the dark condition, both healthy (p = 0.026) and BVH (p = 0.017) exhibited decreased lateral deviation during nGVS. The C/P ratio decreased significantly in BVH for 2 Hz head yaw walking with nGVS (p = 0.005) in light conditions. This study demonstrated that nGVS effectively reduced walking deviations, especially in visual deprived condition for the BVH. Applying nGVS with different head rotation frequencies and light exposure levels may accelerate the rehabilitation process for patients with BVH.Clinical Trial Registration This clinical trial was prospectively registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov with the Unique identifier: NCT03554941. Date of registration: (13/06/2018).

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