Short Term External Debt and Economic Growth—Granger Causality: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hector C. Butts
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Granger Causality ◽  
External Debt ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Caribbean

Plastic Waste Management and Leakage in Latin America and the Caribbean

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Brooks ◽  
Jenna Jambeck ◽  
Eliana Mozo-Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Annual Estimate ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Business As Usual

As of 2017, 8.3 billion metric tons of plastic had been produced worldwide. Since about 40% is used in things that are thrown away relatively quickly (packaging and single use items), 6.4 billion metric tons had already become discarded materials needing to be managed. Only 9% of these discarded materials were recycled globally. The annual estimate of plastic entering our oceans globally is 5 to 13 million metric tons (MMT) per year. Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) has an extensive populated coast, 119,000 km of coastline and over 205 million people living within 50 km of that coastline. Waste management infrastructure is still under development in many countries. Economic growth without fully developed infrastructure can lead to increased plastic leakage. This report focuses on municipal solid waste as a source of plastic input into the environment in LAC. The reports estimates that total plastic waste available to enter the ocean in LAC in 2020 was 3.7 MMT . Under business-as-usual projections, the report anticipates that the regional quantity available to enter the oceans in 2030 will be 4.1 MMT and 4.4 MMT in 2050.

Economic Growth Dynamics And Short-Term External Debt In Thailand

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hector C. Butts ◽  
Ivor Mitchell ◽  
Albert Berkoh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
External Debt ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Short Term

scholarly journals Evidence on the Nexus Between Electricity Consumption and Economic Growth through Empirical Investigation of Uganda

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-165
Author(s):  
Lira Sekantsiand ◽  
Mamofokeng Motlokoa
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Granger Causality ◽  
Capital Stock ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
The Body ◽  
Electricity Sector ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Run

AbstractThis paper empirically examines the electricity consumption - economic growth nexus in Uganda for the period 1982 to 2013, with a view to contributing to the body of literature on this topic and informing energy policy design in Uganda. Using capital stock as an intermittent variable in the causality framework, the paper employs Johansen-Juselius (1988, 1995) multivariate cointegration and VECM based Granger causality tests and finds a bidirectional causality between electricity consumption and economic growth in the long-term and distinct causal flow from economic growth to electricity consumption in the short-run, and short-term and long-term Granger causality from capital stock to economic growth, with short-run feedback in the opposite direction. Therefore, it implies that firstly, the Government of Uganda (GoU) can implement conservation policies only through reducing energy intensity and promoting efficient energy use to avoid decline in output and secondly, that the GoU should intensify its efforts towards capital accumulation in order to realize sustainable economic growth. Lastly, the empirical evidence that electricity consumption influences some short-term capital accumulation supports the GoU’s efforts to allow private sector investment in the electricity sector in an effort to increase electricity supply.

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