Interpretation as a Form of Thermodynamic Work

An elementary approximate analytical treatment of cold field electron emission (CFE) from a classical nanowall (i.e. a blade-like conducting structure on a flat surface) is presented. This paper first discusses basic CFE theory for situations where quantum confinement occurs transverse to the emitting direction. It develops an abstract CFE equation more general than Fowler–Nordheim type (FN-type) equations, and then applies this to classical nanowalls. With sharp emitters, the field in the tunnelling barrier may diminish rapidly with distance; an expression for the on-axis transmission coefficient for nanowalls is derived by conformal transformation. These two effects interact to generate complex emission physics, and lead to regime-dependent equations different from FN-type equations. Thus: (i) the zero-field barrier height H R for the highest occupied state at 0 K is not equal to the local thermodynamic work-function ϕ , and H R rather than ϕ appears in equations; (ii) in the exponent, the power dependence on macroscopic field F M can be F −2 M rather than F −1 M ; (iii) in the pre-exponential, explicit power dependences on F M and H R differ from FN-type equations. Departures of this general kind are expected when nanoscale quantum confinement occurs. FN-type equations are the equations that apply when no quantum confinement occurs.

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Thermodynamic work

Journal of Chemical Education ◽

10.1021/ed063p26 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 63 (1) ◽

pp. 26

Author(s):

Bhairav Joshi

Keyword(s):

Thermodynamic Work

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Thermodynamic work statistics for Ornstein–Uhlenbeck-type heat baths

Physica A Statistical Mechanics and its Applications ◽

10.1016/j.physa.2018.05.127 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 509 ◽

pp. 12-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J.I. Jiménez-Aquino ◽

N. Sánchez-Salas

Keyword(s):

Thermodynamic Work

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The Effect of Environment on Adhesion of Shrink-Resist Polymers on Wool

Textile Research Journal ◽

10.1177/004051757604601104 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 46 (11) ◽

pp. 796-801 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Brett O. Bateup ◽

John R. Cook ◽

H. Douglas Feldtman ◽

Barry E. Fleischfresser

Keyword(s):

Surface Tension ◽

Adhesive Joints ◽

Work Of Adhesion ◽

Polymer Interface ◽

Thermodynamic Work ◽

Polymer Adhesive ◽

Thermodynamic Work Of Adhesion ◽

Secondary Bonding

The durability of wool/polymer adhesive Joints in wash liquors of different surface tension was determined by measuring the rate of felting shrinkage of polymer-treated wool sliver and fabric in each liquor. The rate of felting shrinkage increased as the surface tension of the liquor decreased. This trend in the rate of felting shrinkage of polymer-treated wool agreed well with the trend in the magnitude of the thermodynamic work of adhesion of a wool/polymer “adhint” in different liquids, calculated assuming only secondary bonding forces across the wool/polymer interface. Limitations of the theory are discussed

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Thermochemistry and electrical contact properties at the interface between semiconducting BaTiO3 and (Au–Ti) electrodes

Journal of Materials Research ◽

10.1557/jmr.1997.0231 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 1685-1688 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

David P. Cann ◽

Clive A. Randall

Keyword(s):

Contact Resistance ◽

Sessile Drop ◽

Electrical Contact ◽

Positive Temperature Coefficient ◽

Work Of Adhesion ◽

Positive Temperature ◽

Temperature Coefficient Of Resistance ◽

Thermodynamic Work ◽

Thermodynamic Work Of Adhesion ◽

Electrode Metal

The interfacial characteristics of positive temperature coefficient of resistance (PTCR) BaTiO3-electrode interfaces were studied. Sessile drop wetting experiments in combination with measurements of the contact resistance of the interface were used to establish a fundamental perspective of the electrode-ceramic interface. It was shown that the thermodynamic work of adhesion Wad), which is the sum of the strengths of chemical interactions present at the interface, can be manipulated by the addition of chemically active elements to the electrode metal which enhance adhesion. This same procedure is shown to modify the important electrical interfacial properties such as the contact resistance.

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