Biomarkers and inorganic geochemical elements of Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous limestone sediments from Banik Village in the Kurdistan Region, Northern Iraq: implications for origin of organic matter and depositional environment conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 9407-9421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Hail Hakimi ◽  
Ibrahim M. J. Mohialdeen ◽  
Wan Hasiah Abdullah ◽  
William Wimbledon ◽  
Yousif M. Makeen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Northern Iraq ◽  
Geochemical Elements

scholarly journals Thermal modeling and hydrocarbon generation of the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous Chia Gara Formation in Iraqi Kurdistan region, northern Zagros Fold Belt

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 701-713
Author(s):  
Mohammed Hail Hakimi ◽  
Ibrahim M.J. Mohialdeen ◽  
Ahmed Askar Al Ahmed ◽  
Mohamed M. El Nady
Keyword(s):  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Thermal Modeling ◽  
Hydrocarbon Generation ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Fold Belt ◽  
Iraqi Kurdistan

scholarly journals The Geology of Basement Rocks in the Southeastern Tararua Range, North Island, New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Lisa Ann Foley
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Active Continental Margin ◽  
Turbidity Currents ◽  
High Angle ◽  
Basement Rocks ◽  
Geochemical Analyses

<p>Basement rocks within the southeastern Tararua Range belong to two associations: a sedimentary association (greywacke, argillite, calcareous siltstone, conglomerate and olistostrome) and a volcanogenic association (metabasite, chert, red argillite and limestone). Rocks of the sedimentary association are more abundant and have been deposited by turbidity currents and debris flows in a deep water, marine environment. Three turbidite and two intercalated non-turbidite lithofacies are recognized. Sedimentological data suggest that the sediment was deposited in a submarine fan system (mid-fan environment), probably in a trench. The alternating greywacke-argillite beds have detrital compositions which are essentially quartzo-feldspathic. Framework mode and geochemical analyses indicate that the sediment was derived from an active continental margin that was shedding detritus of mainly acid-volcanic and metamorphic origin. Rocks of the volcanogenic association, although volumetrically minor, are widely distributed. Geochemical analyses of metabasites suggest that they were erupted in an oceanic environment, both at a mid-ocean ridge and an intra-plate setting. The presence of radiolaria skeletons in red argillite and chert indicates a hemiplagic depositional environment for these rocks. Rocks of the volcanogenic association often have conformable contacts. These rocks have a related depositional environment and represent seafloor material. Where observed, contacts between rocks of the two associations are always faulted. Deformation in the field area is characterized by development of the following types of structures: several generations of folds, faults at both a low angle and high angle to bedding, shear foliation and melange. The region has undergone the following deformational events, outlined from oldest to youngest: 1) folding with at least two fold generations present. 2) fragmentation and disruption of the beds by faults. Low-angle to bedding faults and high-angle to bedding faults have disrupted the bedding. Where these structures have occurred to a great extent, a chaotically disrupted unit, melange, has formed. 3) post-melange folding. 4) recent faulting related to the present strike-slip regime in New Zealand. Rocks have undergone prehnite-pumpellyite facies metamorphism. The rock types, their field relationships and the deformation that the area has undergone is consistent with accretion at a convergent plate margin. Radiolaria were extracted from two red chert samples. In the study the radiolaria define a Middle Jurassic age, which indicates that the sediments in the southeastern Tararua Range must be of Middle Jurassic in age or younger (possibly Cretaceous). A similar sample from the Manawatu Gorge to the north of the study area contained radiolaria of Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous age. Sediments in both areas therefore belong to fossil zone 5 (Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous) of MacKinnon (1983).</p>

Provenance and depositional environment of the Middle-Late Jurassic shales, northern Iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 747-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faraj Habeeb Tobia ◽  
Hikmat S. Al-Jaleel ◽  
Idrees N. Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Northern Iraq

scholarly journals Distribution of Steranes and Triterpanes Biomarkersas Indication of Depositional Environment and Maturity of Sargelu and Kurrachine Formations in Different Wells Northern Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (1C) ◽  
pp. 87-100
Author(s):  
Arwa Al-Dolaimy
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Thermal Maturity ◽  
Northern Iraq ◽  
Marine Carbonate ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Normal Salinity

Eight cuttings samples were obtained from Sargelu and Kurrachine formations in different wells at different depths to detect steranes and triterpanes biomarkers as an indicator of the depositional environments and thermal maturity of organic matter. This was accomplished using GC-MS technology. The diasterane/sterane ratio showed low ratios in analyzed samples (BJS2, JKS3, BJK1, JKK4, JKK7) as in most marine carbonate sources, while algal-bacterial organic matter contribution for the samples analyzed based on the predominance of C23 tricyclic relative to the C19 tricyclic terpene and the C23 tricyclic greater than C24 tricyclic terpane. The Gammacerane index indicated that normal salinity conditions during depositions. The biomarkers related to maturation such as diasterane/sterane, Ts/(Ts+Tm), and C29Ts/C29 hopane show that the organic matter in Ain Zalah well (Sargelu Formation) is within early mature (oil window).

scholarly journals The Geology of Basement Rocks in the Southeastern Tararua Range, North Island, New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Lisa Ann Foley
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Active Continental Margin ◽  
Turbidity Currents ◽  
High Angle ◽  
Basement Rocks ◽  
Geochemical Analyses

<p>Basement rocks within the southeastern Tararua Range belong to two associations: a sedimentary association (greywacke, argillite, calcareous siltstone, conglomerate and olistostrome) and a volcanogenic association (metabasite, chert, red argillite and limestone). Rocks of the sedimentary association are more abundant and have been deposited by turbidity currents and debris flows in a deep water, marine environment. Three turbidite and two intercalated non-turbidite lithofacies are recognized. Sedimentological data suggest that the sediment was deposited in a submarine fan system (mid-fan environment), probably in a trench. The alternating greywacke-argillite beds have detrital compositions which are essentially quartzo-feldspathic. Framework mode and geochemical analyses indicate that the sediment was derived from an active continental margin that was shedding detritus of mainly acid-volcanic and metamorphic origin. Rocks of the volcanogenic association, although volumetrically minor, are widely distributed. Geochemical analyses of metabasites suggest that they were erupted in an oceanic environment, both at a mid-ocean ridge and an intra-plate setting. The presence of radiolaria skeletons in red argillite and chert indicates a hemiplagic depositional environment for these rocks. Rocks of the volcanogenic association often have conformable contacts. These rocks have a related depositional environment and represent seafloor material. Where observed, contacts between rocks of the two associations are always faulted. Deformation in the field area is characterized by development of the following types of structures: several generations of folds, faults at both a low angle and high angle to bedding, shear foliation and melange. The region has undergone the following deformational events, outlined from oldest to youngest: 1) folding with at least two fold generations present. 2) fragmentation and disruption of the beds by faults. Low-angle to bedding faults and high-angle to bedding faults have disrupted the bedding. Where these structures have occurred to a great extent, a chaotically disrupted unit, melange, has formed. 3) post-melange folding. 4) recent faulting related to the present strike-slip regime in New Zealand. Rocks have undergone prehnite-pumpellyite facies metamorphism. The rock types, their field relationships and the deformation that the area has undergone is consistent with accretion at a convergent plate margin. Radiolaria were extracted from two red chert samples. In the study the radiolaria define a Middle Jurassic age, which indicates that the sediments in the southeastern Tararua Range must be of Middle Jurassic in age or younger (possibly Cretaceous). A similar sample from the Manawatu Gorge to the north of the study area contained radiolaria of Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous age. Sediments in both areas therefore belong to fossil zone 5 (Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous) of MacKinnon (1983).</p>

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