Neuroimaging of Supraventricular Frontal White Matter in Children with Familial Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Due to Prenatal Alcohol Exposure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffry R. Alger ◽  
Joseph O’Neill ◽  
Mary J. O’Connor ◽  
Guldamla Kalender ◽  
Ronald Ly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Frontal White Matter ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol

scholarly journals Differences in executive functioning in children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
LINNEA VAURIO ◽  
EDWARD P. RILEY ◽  
SARAH N. MATTSON
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Word Association ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ◽  
Adhd Group ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol

Children with either fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) display deficits in attention and executive function (EF) and differential diagnosis of these two clinical groups may be difficult, especially when information about prenatal alcohol exposure is unavailable. The current study compared EF performance of three groups: children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure (ALC); nonexposed children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); and typically developing controls (CON). Both clinical groups met diagnostic criteria for ADHD. The EF tasks used were the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), the Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT), and the Trail Making Test (TMT). Results indicated different patterns of deficit; both clinical groups displayed deficits on the WCST and a relative weakness on letterversuscategory fluency. Only the ALC group displayed overall deficits on letter fluency and a relative weakness on TMT-BversusTMT-A. In addition, WCST performance was significantly lower than expected based on IQ in the ADHD group and significantly higher than expected in the ALC group. These results, which indicate that, although EF deficits occurred in both clinical groups, the degree and pattern of deficit differed between the ALC and ADHD groups, may improve differential diagnosis. (JINS, 2008,14, 119–129.)

A Comparison of Children Affected by Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Attention Deficit, Hyperactivity Disorder

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire D. Coles ◽  
Kathleen A. Platzman ◽  
Cheryl L. Raskind-Hood ◽  
Ronald T. Brown ◽  
Arthur Falek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol
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