Cerebral blood flow during cardiac operations: Comparison of Kety-Schmidt and xenon-133 clearance methods

Regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) was studied in 16 normal adult volunteers during rest and in 10 the study was repeated during skilled hand movements. A fast-rotating (“dynamic”), single-photon emission computerized tomograph (ECT) with four detector heads was used. Xenon-133 was inhaled over a 1-min period at a concentration of 10 mCi/L. The arrival and washout of the radioisotope was recorded during four 1-min periods. Two slices, 2 cm thick, 7 and 12 cm above the orbitomeatal line were obtained in every study. CBF averaged 60 ml/100 g/min (SD ± 11) in the lower slice and 51 ml/100 g/min (SD ± 13) in the upper slice. A symmetric pattern comparing right to left sides was found in both slices. Finger tapping and writing with the right hand increased CBF in specific areas of the upper slice: in the contralateral hand area by 35 ± 15% ( p < 0.025), and in the supplementary motor area on both sides by 34 ± 15% ( p < 0.025).

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Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Evaluations with Iodine 123 Amphetamine (IMP) SPECT and Xenon 133 Inhalation in Cerebrovascular Disorders

Advances in Neurosurgery - Regulation of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism Neurosurgical Treatment of Epilepsy Rehabilitation in Neurosurgery ◽

10.1007/978-3-642-71793-2_18 ◽

1987 ◽

pp. 102-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Y. Tsuda ◽

A. Hartmann ◽

H. J. Biersack ◽

E. Valerius ◽

K. Reichmann

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Cerebrovascular Disorders ◽

Regional Cerebral Blood ◽

Iodine 123 ◽

Xenon 133

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Cerebral Blood Flow Tomography Using Xenon 133 Inhalation — Methodological Considerations

Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism Measurement ◽

10.1007/978-3-642-70054-5_36 ◽

1985 ◽

pp. 224-233 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

N. A. Lassen

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Xenon 133 ◽

Methodological Considerations

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Transcranial Doppler-estimated versus thermodilution-estimated cerebral blood flow during cardiac operations

Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery ◽

10.1016/s0022-5223(19)36588-2 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 102 (1) ◽

pp. 95-102 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

J. van der Linden ◽

Ö. Wesslén ◽

R. Ekroth ◽

H. Tydén ◽

H. von Ahn

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Transcranial Doppler ◽

Cardiac Operations

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Accuracy of methods for calculating cerebral blood flow from intracarotid xenon-133 injection

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.1980.238.5.h750 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 238 (5) ◽

pp. H750-H758

Author(s):

J. P. Marc-Vergnes ◽

P. Celsis ◽

J. P. Charlet ◽

G. Setien

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Gray Matter ◽

Relative Weight ◽

Compartmental Analysis ◽

Optimization Method ◽

Initial Slope ◽

Method Of Calculation ◽

Blood Flows ◽

Xenon 133

The accuracy of the three commonly used methods, the initial slope analysis, the stochastic analysis, and the compartmental analysis, for calculating mean cerebral blood flow from xenon-133 clearance curves was studied with the use of computer-generated and real curves. The accuracy of calculation was affected by the cutoff time of the curve, by the level of the compartmental blood flows to white and gray matter and by the ratio of these flow levels, by the relative weight of gray matter, and by the choice of the method of calculation. None of the methods was clearly superior to the others. Each had its own defects that render it more or less suitable for different situations. All three methods generally overestimated mean cerebral blood flow. This overestimation was greater the lower the flow. A curve-fitting index was devised which can be used to check the validity of the bicompartmental model when using compartmental analysis. This same index can provide, though not always, an estimate of the error in the calculation of mean cerebral blood flow when an optimization method is used.

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Effect of arterial carbon dioxide on cerebral blood flow in ducks

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.1977.232.6.h596 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 232 (6) ◽

pp. H596-H601 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

B. Grubb ◽

C. D. Mills ◽

J. M. Colacino ◽

K. Schmidt-Nielsen

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Slow Component ◽

Avian Brain ◽

Arterial Pco2 ◽

Pekin Ducks ◽

Two Component ◽

Xenon 133

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of arterial PCO2 on blood flow to the avian brain. Cerebral blood flow was measured on curarized, artificially ventilated Pekin ducks by the rate at which intra-arterially injected xenon-133 was cleared from the duck's brain. A two-component clearance curve resulted: the blood flow calculated from the fast and slow components was similar to the blood flow to mammalian grey and white matter, respectively. Hypercapnia markedly increased the fast component of blood flow, whereas hypocapnia had no effect on this component. These effects were not due to changes in blood pressure, which was independent of arterial PCO2. Blood flow calculated from the slow component was independent of arterial PCO2. We conclude that the lack of response to hypocapnia may contribute to the exceptional tolerance of birds to high altitude by maintaining normal cerebral blood flow.

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