Inhibition of the toxic proteases from Metarhizium anisopliae by extracts of Galleria mellonella larvae

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miloš Kučera
Keyword(s):  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Galleria Mellonella

Molecular docking of protease from Metarhizium anisopliae and their toxic effect against model insect Galleria mellonella

2017 ◽  
Vol 138 ◽  
pp. 8-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravindran Keppanan ◽  
Sivaramakrishnan Sivaperumal ◽  
Dash Chadra Kanta ◽  
Komivi Senyo Akutse ◽  
Liande Wang
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Galleria Mellonella

Evaluation of the Entomopathogenic Fungi Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Isaria fumosorosea for Control of Sitophilus oryzae

2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
NICKOLAS G. KAVALLIERATOS ◽  
CHRISTOS G. ATHANASSIOU ◽  
MARIA M. AOUNTALA ◽  
DEMETRIUS C. KONTODIMAS
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Isaria Fumosorosea ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Stored Grain Pest ◽  
Petri Dishes

The entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Isaria fumosorosea were tested against the stored-grain pest Sitophilus oryzae. The fungi were isolated from the soil (from three locations in Attica, Greece: B. bassiana from Tatoion, M. anisopliae from Marathon, and I. fumosorosea from Aghios Stefanos) using larvae of Galleria mellonella as bait. Suspensions of 2.11 × 107 and 2.11 × 108, 1.77 × 107 and 1.77 × 108, and 1.81 × 107 and 1.81 × 108 conidia per ml of B. bassiana, M. anisopliae, and I. fumosorosea, respectively, were applied by three treatments: (i) sprayed on food and set in petri dishes with adults of S. oryzae, (ii) sprayed on adults of S. oryzae and set in petri dishes without food, and (iii) sprayed on adults of S. oryzae and set in petri dishes with food. The observed mortality of S. oryzae adults during the overall exposure period for the lowest, as well as for the highest, concentrations of B. bassiana, M. anisopliae, and I. fumosorosea ranged from 0 to 100%. Concentration was, in most of the cases tested, a critical parameter that determined the “speed of kill” of the exposed insect species for B. bassiana and M. anisopliae. Conversely, concentration was not that critical for I. fumosorosea, and survival was high in some of the combinations tested, even after 14 days of exposure. Both in the highest and the lowest concentrations of fungi, the mortality of S. oryzae adults was higher when the fungi were applied on adults than when they were applied on food. Higher mortality was observed when food was absent than when food was present, in most of the cases tested. The high efficacy levels recorded in the current study indicate that the tested fungi could be effective biocontrol agents against S. oryzae.

Different strategies to kill the host presented byMetarhizium anisopliaeandBeauveria bassiana

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Barbosa Rustiguel ◽  
María Fernández-Bravo ◽  
Luis Henrique Souza Guimarães ◽  
Enrique Quesada-Moraga
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Growth Strategy

Studies conducted over the last decades have shown the potential of entomopathogenic fungi for the biocontrol of some insect pests. Entomopathogenic fungi infect their host through the cuticle, so they do not need to be ingested to be effective. These fungi also secrete secondary metabolites and proteins that are toxic to insect pests. In this context, we analyzed the pathogenicity of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschn.) strains IBCB 384 and IBCB 425 and Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. strains E 1764 and E 3158 against Galleria mellonella (Linn.) larvae, during pre-invasion and post-invasion phases. The results showed M. anisopliae, especially strain IBCB 384, was most virulent in the pre-invasion phase against G. mellonella, whereas B. bassiana, especially strain E 1764, was most virulent in the post-invasion phase. During in vivo development and in the production of toxic serum, B. bassiana E 3158 was the most virulent. Different fungal growth (or toxin) strategies were observed for studied strains. Metarhizium anisopliae IBCB 425 prioritizes the growth strategy, whereas strain IBCB 384 and B. bassiana strains E 1764 and E 3158 have a toxic strategy. All strains have pathogenicity against G. mellonella, indicating their possible use for biocontrol.

scholarly journals Macromorfología y crecimiento radial de cepas de hongos entomopatógenos suplementado con polvo de lepidópteros

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. e10164
Author(s):  
Cipriano García-Gutiérrez ◽  
Marina Isabel García-Guajardo ◽  
Guadalupe Vejar-Cota ◽  
Lorenzo Meza-García ◽  
Jesús Alicia Chávez-Medina
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Para Determinar

Se estudió la macromorfología de cepas de Beauveria bassiana (B1), Metarhizium anisopliae (M1) e Isaria javanica (HPI-210) y se determinó su crecimiento radial a temperaturas de 25, 28, 30, 35 y 40 °C en medio PDA suplementado con polvos de Diatraea considerata, Spodoptera frugiperda y Galleria mellonella. Los hongos se inocularon adicionando 2 µl de una suspensión con 1 x 107 esporas/ml. Después de 15 días se midió el crecimiento radial de las cepas en mm/d. Para determinar la interacción entre las tres cepas con el polvo de los tres insectos más el control PDA y las cinco temperaturas, se usó un análisis factorial 3 x 4 x 5; los datos del crecimiento de los hongos fueron analizados mediante un ANOVA y una prueba de Tukey. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticas significativas en el crecimiento a diferente temperatura, respecto al control; el crecimiento óptimo en los tres hongos fue a 28 °C, la cepa B1 suplementada con polvo de D. considerata creció 2,76 ± 0,06 mm/d, M1 con G. mellonella 2,77 ± 0,02 mm/d, y HPI-210 con D. considerata 3,27 ± 0,06 mm/d. La cepa B1 creció 0,45 ± 0,03 mm/d, M1 1,22 ± 0,0 mm/d a 30 °C, mientras que HPI-210 no creció después de 28 °C. Estos resultados sugieren que las tres cepas fueron inducidas a crecer mejor por efecto de los medios suplementados con los insectos; a 28 °C, HPI-210 presentó el mayor crecimiento/d (F = 25,24, E8, P = 0,0001) seguido de M1 y B1, mientras que M1 con suplemento de S. frugiperda creció mejor a 30 °C (F = 38,33, E8, P = 0,0001). Estos resultados de crecimiento radial, desarrollo macromorfológico y tolerancia a la temperatura permiten seleccionar a las mejores cepas para evaluar su virulencia en insectos plaga.

scholarly journals Influence of pesticides used potatoes control on the growth of entomopathogenic fungi isolated from potatoes fields

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
Ryszard Miętkiewicz ◽  
Anna Sapiecha
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Paecilomyces Fumosoroseus ◽  
Copper Oxychloride ◽  
Growth Of Fungi

The growth of <em>Metarhizium anisopliae, M.flavoviridae</em> and <em>Paecilomyces fumosoroseus</em> was estimated on Sabouraud's medium to which insecticides and herbicides were added in three doses: A - 10 times higher from recommended field dose, B - as recommended field dose, C - 10 timer lower than recommended. Fungicides were used in B and C doses as well as in dose D - 100 times lower than recomended one. The fungi were obtained from soil under potatoes using <em>Galleria mellonella</em> as bait insect. Chlorothalonil and copper oxychloride were chosen from fungicides, linuron, MCPA, fluazifop-P-butyl and dikwat - from herbicides and deltamethrin, teflubenzuron and fozalon from insecticides. The growth of both species of <em>Metarhizium</em> was stronger inhibited than of <em>Paecilomyces fumosoroseus</em> by fungicides however colonies of <em>Metarhizium</em> always overpassed 50% controls colonies apart from <em>M. flavoviridae</em> on medium with copper oxychloride at concentration B. Herbicide linuron was more toxic to fungi than fungicides. <em>M. anisopliae</em> and <em>M. fluvoviridae</em> did not grow on medium containing dose A and dose B this herbicide but the colonies of <em>P. fumosoroseus</em> at dose B did not overpass 20% of controlled ones. MCPA and fluazifop-P-butyl inhibited fungal colonies in approximated way. On the medium with these herbicides in concentration A fungal colonies were strongly inhibited and the growth of fungi on medium with MCPA at this concentration appeared not before 5 days after inoculation. Dikwat in dose A strongly inhibited the growth of <em>M. anisopliae</em> but in remaining combinations growth of fungal colonies was similar to controlled ones. Fozalon, among insecticides, inhibited the growth of inwestigated fungi strongest. On the medium containing this insecticide in dose A all fungi did not grow, and in dose B colonies of both species of <em>Metarhizium</em> did not overpass 40% of controlled ones. Deltamethrin in dose A and B inhibited the growth of <em>M. anisopliae</em> and <em>M. flavoviridae</em>, but teflubenzuron did not inhibit growth of entomopathogenic fungi at all concentrations.

Pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae against Galleria mellonella

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid A. Hussein ◽  
Mohamed A. A. Abdel-Rahman ◽  
Ahmed Y. Abdel-Mallek ◽  
Saad S. El-Maraghy ◽  
Jin Ho Joo
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Galleria Mellonella

Occurrence of the entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana in soils from temperate and near-northern habitats

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 1198-1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J Bidochka ◽  
June E Kasperski ◽  
Geoffrey AM Wild
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Population Biology ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Fungal Population ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Agricultural Habitat

The occurrence of deuteromycetous entomopathogenic fungi was examined in 266 soil samples representing 86 locations across temperate and near northern habitats in Ontario, Canada. Entomopathogenic fungi were isolated by baiting the soil with waxworm larvae, Galleria mellonella L., and incubating at 8, 15, or 25°C. Entomopathogenic fungi were isolated from 91% of the locations sampled across Ontario. The most abundant species were Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschn.) Sorok. (357 isolates) and Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. (187 isolates). Thirteen isolates of Paecilomyces spp. were also found. Beauveria bassiana was isolated more frequently in soils from near northern locations, relative to M. anisopliae. Beauveria bassiana was isolated more frequently from larvae baited in soils incubated at 8 and 15°C, while M. anisopliae was isolated most frequently at 25°C. Thus, B. bassiana is more psychrophilic than M. anisopliae. From 47 of the locations in a temperate area (southern Ontario and the Kawartha Lakes region), two sites, one from an agricultural habitat and one from a natural habitat, were sampled within 1 km of each other. In these locations, B. bassiana was predominantly recovered more often from soils of natural habitats, while M. anisopliae was recovered more often in agricultural habitats. The occurrence of M. anisopliae and B. bassiana was not related to soil type or pH.Key words: Metarhizium, Beauveria, entomopathogenic fungi, fungal population biology, soil ecology.

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