Cytological studies of early stages of powdery mildew in barley and wheat leaves: (II) significance of the primary germ tube of Erysiphe graminis on barley leaves

1977 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Kunoh ◽  
Hiroshi Ishizaki ◽  
Kyoko Nakaya
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
Erysiphe Graminis ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Barley Leaves ◽  
Wheat Leaves

Cytological studies of early stages of powdery mildew in barley and wheat. V. Effects of calcium on the infection of coleoptiles of barley by Erysiphe graminis hordei

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (20) ◽  
pp. 2544-2549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susumu Takamatsu ◽  
Hiroshi Ishizaki ◽  
Hitoshi Kunoh
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Erysiphe Graminis ◽  
Calcium Salts ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Erysiphe Graminis Hordei ◽  
The Times ◽  
Chloride Treatment

Some effects of calcium salts on the infection process of Erysiphe graminis hordei in coleoptiles of barley were investigated. Calcium chloride enhanced the incidence of haustoria but depressed that of papillae. Calcium bromide and calcium nitrate likewise enhanced the incidence of haustoria. Calcium chloride treatment at varied times and with varied durations during incubation after inoculation showed that events occurring in coleoptiles between 9 and 13 h after inoculation were most affected by the treatment. This period included the times that appressoria matured, cytoplasm aggregated, papillae were produced, and haustoria were formed, and the effect of calcium might be associated with one or more of these events.

Cytological studies of early stages of powdery mildew in barley and wheat. VI. Antagonistic effects of calcium and lithium on the infection of coleoptiles of barley by Erysiphe graminis hordei

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 408-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Takamatsu ◽  
H. Ishizaki ◽  
H. Kunoh
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Binding Site ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Lithium Chloride ◽  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Erysiphe Graminis ◽  
Antagonistic Effects ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Erysiphe Graminis Hordei

Earlier researchers have shown that the susceptibility of barley to infection by Erysiphe graminis hordei is enhanced by calcium ions but inhibited by lithium. Some effects of these ions on the infection process of E. graminis hordei in coleoptiles of barley were investigated in this study. Whereas 1 mM lithium chloride inhibited appressorial formation considerably and haustorial formation completely, these effects were totally offset by 10 mM calcium chloride. Moreover, whereas 5 and 10 mM lithium chloride inhibited both appressorial and haustorial formation completely, the former was offset considerably by 10 mM calcium chloride, but the latter was not.Sequential calcium chloride − lithium chloride or lithium chloride − calcium chloride treatments carried out at different times and for various durations showed that events occurring in coleoptiles 11 to 13 h after inoculation were most vulnerable to the treatments. These events correspond to infection stages involving the development of cytoplasmic aggregates, papillae, and haustoria. The data suggest that the two ions in question might compete for a common binding site in a reaction(s) associated with certain stages of appressorial and haustorial development.

scholarly journals Experiments to examine the significance of ammonia evolution from barley seedlings infected with the powdery mildew fungus, Erysiphe graminis f.sp. hordei

1984 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 679-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Jenkyn ◽  
M. E. Finney
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Erysiphe Graminis ◽  
Powdery Mildew Fungus ◽  
Subsequent Evolution ◽  
Ammonia Gas ◽  
Soil Systems ◽  
Detached Leaves ◽  
Barley Leaves

SummaryExperiments using intact seedlings and detached leaves failed to confirm previous reports that ammonia gas is evolved from barley leaves during the establishment of infection by the powdery mildew fungus Erysiphe graminis f.sp. hordei.In the experiments using intact seedlings infection did, however, lead to greater concentrations of ammonium nitrogen in the senescing leaves and, in one experiment, the subsequent evolution of ammonia gas from these seedlings. Losses of nitrogen as ammonia gas from crops are probably small, but it is possible that under some circumstances they may represent a significant proportion of the otherwise unexplained nitrogen losses and hence be important in experiments which aim to study the nitrogen balance of crop-soil systems.

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