We obtained 202.5-MHz 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of isolated perfused rat lungs, degassed and inflated, and of lung extract. The spectra included those of ATP, ADP, phosphocreatine (PCr), inorganic phosphate (Pi), phosphomonoesters, phosphodiesters, and a broad component due to the membrane phospholipids. The line width at one-half peak height for beta-ATP was 1.0 ppm for the degassed lung and 1.2 ppm for the inflated lung. This suggests that the air-water interfaces in inflated lung, which produce proton NMR line broadening, do not act prominently in 31P-NMR spectroscopy. In a degassed lung, when perfusion was stopped for up to 30 min, PCr and ATP peaks decreased progressively with time while Pi and phosphomonoester peaks increased. On return of flow, these changes reversed. The intracellular pH values calculated from the difference in magnetic field between PCr and Pi peaks of inflated and degassed lungs were 7.16 +/- 0.10 (SD; n = 4) and 6.99 +/- 0.10 (n = 4), respectively. The change of intracellular pH caused by 30 min of ischemia was -0.2 pH units. Our findings indicate that air-water interfaces should not broaden lung 31P peaks in vivo.
Localized 31P NMR spectroscopy of the amt human brain in vivo using stimulated-echo (STEAM) sequences
