Introduction Vesicoureteral reflux, urinary infection and pyelonephritic scarring represent a well known triad in pediatric practice that may lead to severe scarring of kidneys, and development of so called reflux nephropathy. Apart from standard therapeutic options (conservative treatment and surgical therapy), endoscopic correction of refluxing vesicoureteral junction has been introduced into clinical practice. Material and methods This study included endoscopically treated patients with primary vesicoureteral reflux over a 9-year period, as well as certain clinical parameters. Results Endoscopic correction of primary vesicoureteral reflux with teflon paste has been successful in up to 93.5% of patients. After one application vesicoureteral reflux disappeared in 58.8% of cases. After two applications 86.0% of ureters were cured, whereas the third application had no further effect on existing reflux. Improvement with spontaneous regression of reflux was established in 7.5% of treated ureters. Discussion Endoscopic correction should be performed in all patients with third grade vesicoureteral reflux, and in selected patients with second and fourth grade reflux. First grade reflux should be treated conservatively, and fifth grade reflux should be treated surgically. Conclusion Endoscopic treatment of primary vesicoureteral reflux is an easy, simple, fast and safe procedure that prevents regurgitation of urine from bladder to upper parts of the urinary system in most of cases.
Possibilities of endoscopic treatment of primary vesicoureteral reflux