Toroidal magnetic fields for protecting astronauts from ionizing radiation in long duration deep space missions

Life support for first manned spaceflights was based on supplies of consumables. Crew life support systems based on supplies of water and oxygen, in spite of their simplicity, are extremely inefficient in orbital space missions and are unfeasible in deep space missions because of mass and volume constraints. Therefore, there are currently developed and are to be used on space stations the life support systems that are based on chemical and physical regeneration of water and oxygen extracted from human waste. In view of further advances in long-duration orbital stations, and the prospects of establishment of planetary outposts and deep space exploration, the problem of constructing an automated system for controlling a suite of regenerative LSS becomes urgent. The complexity of solving the problem of constructing an efficient control system in this case owes to the existence of a large number of effectiveness criteria. The paper proposes a system of consolidated global efficiency criteria, which allows to break up this problem into a series of sub-problems of optimization in order to solve this problem. The proposed criteria are longevity, cost, comfort. The paper presents a series of specific examples of using the proposed principles with necessary generalizations. Key words: space life support systems, atmosphere revitalization equipment, automated control system, global generalized efficiency criteria, longevity, cost, comfort.

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Simulating Long Duration Deep Space Missions

AIAA SPACE 2016 ◽

10.2514/6.2016-5387 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Eleanor E. Morgan

Keyword(s):

Space Missions ◽

Deep Space ◽

Long Duration

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The French-Italian Concordia Station

Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union ◽

10.1017/s1743921312016845 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 8 (S288) ◽

pp. 178-185

Author(s):

Djamel Mekarnia ◽

Yves Frenot

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Southern Hemisphere ◽

Austral Summer ◽

Space Missions ◽

Deep Space ◽

Data Network ◽

Ice Cap ◽

Long Duration ◽

Distant Location ◽

Permanent Station

AbstractConcordia is a French-Italian permanent station located at Dome C, Antarctica. The station provides accommodation for up to 16 people over winter and more than 70 scientists and technicians during the austral summer. The scientific projects implemented at Concordia are strictly dependent on the characteristics of the site: a) the presence of a 3 300 m thick ice cap that allows access to the planet's climate archives and the reconstruction of glacial-interglacial cycles over more than 800 000 years; b) a particularly stable pure and dry atmosphere ideal for astronomy observations and for research on the chemical composition of the atmosphere; c) a distant location from coastal perturbations favourable to magnetic and seismological observatories to complement a poor world data network in the southern hemisphere; and d) a small totally isolated group of people confined to the station over a long winter, offering an opportunity for a range of medical and psychological studies useful to prepare long duration deep space missions.We will address the main characteristics of this station and its interest for science.

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Interplanetary effects on planetary environments: Earth, Venus, and Mercury

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-3489 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Monica Laurenza ◽

Anna Milillo ◽

Tommaso Alberti ◽

Valeria Mangano ◽

Stefano Massetti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solar Activity ◽

Magnetic Fields ◽

Ionizing Radiation ◽

Interplanetary Medium ◽

Space Missions ◽

Planetary Environments ◽

Dynamical Features ◽

Venus Express

The interplanetary and planetary environments are characterized by several intrinsic and induced properties as magnetic fields, waves and instabilites, boundaries, and ionizing radiation components. These features usually evolve on timescales ranging from seconds up to years, mainly controlled by the solar activity. BepiColombo and Solar Orbiter flybys will offer an interesting opportunity to investigate the dynamical features of both magnetic fields and particle populations when passing from the interplanetary to the planetary environments, thus allowing us to properly characterize different regions of the interplanetary and planetary space. This contribution discusses some outstanding features of planetary environments (Earth, Venus, and Mercury) when they interact with the interplanetary medium by considering data coming from in-flight space missions as ACE, MESSENGER, and Venus Express. Moreover, a special attention will be devoted to BepiColombo flybys which will be helpful for deeper investigations.

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Optical communications for future deep-space missions

10.2514/6.1988-3507 ◽

1988 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

MARC RAYMAN ◽

JAMES LESH

Keyword(s):

Optical Communications ◽

Space Missions ◽

Deep Space

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CHANGES IN BLOOD PROTEOME OF COSMONAUTS WITH MICRO- AND MACROVASCULAR INJURIES DUE TO G-LOADS AT THE FINAL STAGE OF LONG-DURATION SPACE MISSIONS

Aerospace and Environmental Medicine ◽

10.21687/0233-528x-2020-54-5-5-14 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 54 (5) ◽

pp. 5-14

Author(s):

L.Kh. Pastushkova ◽

◽

K.S. Kireev ◽

I.M. Larina ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cells ◽

Soft Tissues ◽

Blood Rheology ◽

Landing Site ◽

Space Missions ◽

Vascular Injuries ◽

New Approach ◽

Long Duration ◽

Integrated Response

The integrated response of the human proteome to re-entry g-loads following long-term space missions was studied in 13 male cosmonauts at the age of 44 ± 6 years. Examination at the landing site discovered local petechial hemorrhages into soft tissues of the back and lower legs. The paper presents a new approach to evaluation of petechia and soft tissue hemorrhages in cosmonauts on return to Earth. Proteomic analysis was performed with the use of LC-MS. Bioinformation analysis was made using Perseus, PubMed, Uniprot and ANDSystem software. Nine out of 19 significantly different (p < 0.05) proteins were related to vascular injuries directly. We described proteins with a primarily protecting effect against endothelial cells apoptosis and augmentation of vascular permeability, proteins that are responsible for blood rheology and proteins antagonistic to the main triggers of ischeamia-reperfusion injuries of the lungs, liver and other parenchymal organs.

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