scholarly journals Long-term sediment storage and flux in a small, catastrophically aggraded mountain catchment

Anthropocene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 100313
Author(s):  
L. Allan James ◽  
Allison Pfeiffer ◽  
Chen-Ling J. Hung
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Storage ◽  
Mountain Catchment

scholarly journals A vegetation description and floristic analyses of the springs on the Kammanassie Mountain, Western Cape

Koedoe ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Cleaver ◽  
L.R. Brown ◽  
G.J. Bredenkamp
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Mountain Catchment ◽  
Habitat Factors ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Twinspan Classification ◽  
Geological Origin ◽  
The Difference

The Kammanassie Mountain is a declared mountain catchment area and a Cape mountain zebra Equus zebra zebra population is preserved on the mountain. The high number of springs on the mountain not only provides water for the animal species but also contributes to overall ecosystem functioning. Long-term conservation of viable ecosystems requires a broader understanding of the ecological processes involved. It was therefore decided that a classification, description and mapping of the spring vegetation of the Kammanassie Mountain be undertaken. A TWINSPAN classification, refined by Braun-Blanquet procedures, revealed 11 major plant communities that could be related to geological origin. Habitat factors associated with differences in vegetation include topography, soil type and grazing. Descriptions of the plant communities include diagnostic species as well as prominent and less conspicuous species of the tree, shrub and herbaceous layers. The results also indicate a high species richness compared to similar regions and the difference between plant communities of wet and dry springs. This data is important for long-term monitoring of the spring ecosystems as well as for the compilation of management plans.

A long-term data set for hydrologic modeling in a snow-dominated mountain catchment

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele L. Reba ◽  
Danny Marks ◽  
Mark Seyfried ◽  
Adam Winstral ◽  
Mukesh Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrologic Modeling ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Mountain Catchment ◽  
Term Data

scholarly journals Modelling long-term, large-scale sediment storage using a simple sediment budget approach

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Naipal ◽  
C. Reick ◽  
K. Van Oost ◽  
T. Hoffmann ◽  
J. Pongratz
Keyword(s):  
Catchment Area ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Anthropogenic Disturbances ◽  
Biogeochemical Cycles ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Sediment Storage ◽  
Scaling Relationships ◽  
Soil Redistribution ◽  
Rhine Catchment

Abstract. Currently, the anthropogenic disturbances to the biogeochemical cycles remain unquantified due to the poor representation of lateral fluxes of carbon and nutrients in Earth System Models (ESMs) that couple the terrestrial and ocean systems. Soil redistribution plays an important role in the transport of carbon and nutrients between terrestrial ecosystems, however, quantification of soil redistribution and its effects on the global biogeochemical cycles is missing. This study aims at developing new tools and methods to represent soil redistribution on a global scale, and contribute to the quantification of anthropogenic disturbances to the biogeochemical cycles. We present a new large-scale coarse resolution sediment budget model that is compatible with ESMs. This model can simulate spatial patterns and long-term trends in soil redistribution in floodplains and on hillslope, resulting from external forces such as climate and land use change. We applied this model on the Rhine catchment using climate and land cover data from the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model (MPI-ESM) for the last millennium (850-2005 AD). Validation is done using observed Holocene sediment storage data and observed scaling relations between sediment storage and catchment area from the Rhine catchment. We found that the model reproduces the spatial distribution of floodplain sediment storage and the scaling relationships for floodplains and hillslopes as found in observations. The exponents of the scaling relationships can be modified by changing the spatial distribution of erosion or by changing the residence time for floodplains. However, the main feature of the scaling behavior, which is that sediment storage in floodplains increases stronger with catchment area than sediment stored on hillslopes, is not changed. Based on this we argue that the scaling behavior is an emergent feature of the model and mainly dependent on the underlying topography. Additionally, we identified that land use change explains most of the temporal variability in sediment storage for the last millennium in the Rhine catchment.

Study of Processes in Shaping High Floodland and Deep-Cut Channel in Xiaolangdi Reservoir

2012 ◽  
Vol 212-213 ◽  
pp. 407-412
Author(s):  
Kun Peng Li ◽  
Shu Kui Chen ◽  
Huai Bao Ma ◽  
Ting Wang
Keyword(s):  
Operation Mode ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sediment Storage ◽  
Beach Sediment ◽  
Main River ◽  
Flood Period ◽  
Topographic Condition ◽  
Xiaolangdi Reservoir

The simulation test on the late sediment storage period in shaping program of high floodland and deep-cut channel on the Xiaolangdi reservoir, and the evolution of high floodland and deep-cut channel, for the Xiaolangdi reservoir sediment retaining period reasonable reservoir operation mode, provide reference for reservoir extending service life.The study shows that:①Formation of High floodland and deep-cut channel evolution, which based on the beach sediment uplift and slot synchronization channel and then washed down the process, whether the erosion and scour quantity to whether can form high floodland and deep-cut channel topography is essential;②The tributary of the riverbed is equivalent to extending transversely, tributary river sedimentation process and topographic condition and tributary junction of the main river deposition pattern and process and other factors are closely related, tributary cross-sectional deposition morphology is mostly parallel to the raising tendency, department branch flow entrance there was a sandbar;③the reservoir during the flood period rainfall scouring camera, in favor of hyperconcentrated flow is generated, to a certain extent, recovery tank capacity, play long term use of reservoir.

scholarly journals Modeling long-term, large-scale sediment storage using a simple sediment budget approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Naipal ◽  
Christian Reick ◽  
Kristof Van Oost ◽  
Thomas Hoffmann ◽  
Julia Pongratz
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Last Millennium ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Sediment Storage ◽  
Global Soil ◽  
Rhine Catchment

Abstract. Currently, the anthropogenic perturbation of the biogeochemical cycles remains unquantified due to the poor representation of lateral fluxes of carbon and nutrients in Earth system models (ESMs). This lateral transport of carbon and nutrients between terrestrial ecosystems is strongly affected by accelerated soil erosion rates. However, the quantification of global soil erosion by rainfall and runoff, and the resulting redistribution is missing. This study aims at developing new tools and methods to estimate global soil erosion and redistribution by presenting and evaluating a new large-scale coarse-resolution sediment budget model that is compatible with ESMs. This model can simulate spatial patterns and long-term trends of soil redistribution in floodplains and on hillslopes, resulting from external forces such as climate and land use change. We applied the model to the Rhine catchment using climate and land cover data from the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model (MPI-ESM) for the last millennium (here AD 850–2005). Validation is done using observed Holocene sediment storage data and observed scaling between sediment storage and catchment area. We find that the model reproduces the spatial distribution of floodplain sediment storage and the scaling behavior for floodplains and hillslopes as found in observations. After analyzing the dependence of the scaling behavior on the main parameters of the model, we argue that the scaling is an emergent feature of the model and mainly dependent on the underlying topography. Furthermore, we find that land use change is the main contributor to the change in sediment storage in the Rhine catchment during the last millennium. Land use change also explains most of the temporal variability in sediment storage in floodplains and on hillslopes.

Late Holocene Paleoecology and Sedimentary History of a Small Lowland Catchment in Central England

1985 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antony G. Brown ◽  
Keith E. Barber
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Sediment Storage ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
History Of ◽  
Floodplain Deposits ◽  
Floodplain Sediments

A variety of paleoecological and sedimentary techniques were used to investigate the storage of sediment within a small lowland catchment during the Holocene. Radiocarbon dating of vertically accreted floodplain deposits allowed the calculation of inorganic accumulation rates. These rates show a dramatic increase in sediment deposition during the late Bronze Age and early Iron Age (2900-2300 yr B.P.) due to deforestation and cultivation of the catchment slopes and resultant soil erosion. The soils within the catchment were susceptible to structural damage, surface waterlogging, and slope-wash erosion. From the calculated increases in sediment storage estimates of catchment erosion were made which vary from around 20 to 140 tons km−2 yr−1. The study of alluvial chronology at this scale can provide unique information on the source areas of Holocene floodplain sediments and provide long-term erosion rates.

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