scholarly journals Improving estimates of PM2.5 concentration and chemical composition by application of High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) and Creating Aerosol Types from chemistry (CATCH) algorithm

2021 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 118250
Author(s):  
Nicholas Meskhidze ◽  
Bethany Sutherland ◽  
Xinyi Ling ◽  
Kyle Dawson ◽  
Matthew S. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Spectral Resolution ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
High Spectral Resolution Lidar ◽  
Aerosol Types ◽  
Pm2.5 Concentration

scholarly journals Aerosol classification using airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar measurements – methodology and examples

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Burton ◽  
R. A. Ferrare ◽  
C. A. Hostetler ◽  
J. W. Hair ◽  
R. R. Rogers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Resolution ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Color Ratio ◽  
Lidar Measurements ◽  
Aerosol Classification ◽  
Langley Research Center ◽  
High Spectral Resolution Lidar ◽  
Aerosol Types ◽  
532 Nm ◽  
Aerosol Type

Abstract. The NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) on the NASA B200 aircraft has acquired extensive datasets of aerosol extinction (532 nm), aerosol optical depth (AOD) (532 nm), backscatter (532 and 1064 nm), and depolarization (532 and 1064 nm) profiles during 18 field missions that have been conducted over North America since 2006. The lidar measurements of aerosol intensive parameters (lidar ratio, depolarization, backscatter color ratio, and spectral depolarization ratio) are shown to vary with location and aerosol type. A methodology based on observations of known aerosol types is used to qualitatively classify the extensive set of HSRL aerosol measurements into eight separate types. Several examples are presented showing how the aerosol intensive parameters vary with aerosol type and how these aerosols are classified according to this new methodology. The HSRL-based classification reveals vertical variability of aerosol types during the NASA ARCTAS field experiment conducted over Alaska and northwest Canada during 2008. In two examples derived from flights conducted during ARCTAS, the HSRL classification of biomass burning smoke is shown to be consistent with aerosol types derived from coincident airborne in situ measurements of particle size and composition. The HSRL retrievals of AOD and inferences of aerosol types are used to apportion AOD to aerosol type; results of this analysis are shown for several experiments.

scholarly journals Aerosol classification by airborne high spectral resolution lidar observations

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2487-2505 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Groß ◽  
M. Esselborn ◽  
B. Weinzierl ◽  
M. Wirth ◽  
A. Fix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Spectral Resolution ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
In Situ Measurements ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Aerosol Classification ◽  
High Spectral Resolution Lidar ◽  
Aerosol Types

Abstract. During four aircraft field experiments with the DLR research aircraft Falcon in 1998 (LACE), 2006 (SAMUM-1) and 2008 (SAMUM-2 and EUCAARI), airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) and in situ measurements of aerosol microphysical and optical properties were performed. Altogether, the properties of six different aerosol types and aerosol mixtures – Saharan mineral dust, Saharan dust mixtures, Canadian biomass burning aerosol, African biomass burning mixture, anthropogenic pollution aerosol, and marine aerosol have been studied. On the basis of this extensive HSRL data set, we present an aerosol classification scheme which is also capable to identify mixtures of different aerosol types. We calculated mixing lines that allowed us to determine the contributing aerosol types. The aerosol classification scheme was supported by backward trajectory analysis and validated with in-situ measurements. Our results demonstrate that the developed aerosol mask is capable to identify complex stratifications with different aerosol types throughout the atmosphere.

scholarly journals Aerosol plume transport and transformation in high spectral resolution lidar measurements and WRF-Flexpart simulations during the MILAGRO Field Campaign

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 3543-3563 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. de Foy ◽  
S. P. Burton ◽  
R. A. Ferrare ◽  
C. A. Hostetler ◽  
J. W. Hair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Spectral Resolution ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Good Correspondence ◽  
Lidar Measurements ◽  
High Spectral Resolution Lidar ◽  
Aerosol Types ◽  
Depolarization Ratios

Abstract. The Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA) experiences high loadings of atmospheric aerosols from anthropogenic sources, biomass burning and wind-blown dust. This paper uses a combination of measurements and numerical simulations to identify different plumes affecting the basin and to characterize transformation inside the plumes. The High Spectral Resolution Lidar on board the NASA LaRC B-200 King Air aircraft measured extinction coefficients and extinction to backscatter ratio at 532 nm, and backscatter coefficients and depolarization ratios at 532 and 1064 nm. These can be used to identify aerosol types. The measurement curtains are compared with particle trajectory simulations using WRF-Flexpart for different source groups. The good correspondence between measurements and simulations suggests that the aerosol transport is sufficiently well characterized by the models to estimate aerosol types and ages. Plumes in the basin undergo complex transport, and are frequently mixed together. Urban aerosols are readily identifiable by their low depolarization ratios and high lidar ratios, and dust by the opposite properties. Fresh biomass burning plumes have very low depolarization ratios which increase rapidly with age. This rapid transformation is consistent with the presence of atmospheric tar balls in the fresh plumes.

scholarly journals Separating mixtures of aerosol types in airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar data

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 8269-8309
Author(s):  
S. P. Burton ◽  
M. A. Vaughan ◽  
R. A. Ferrare ◽  
C. A. Hostetler
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Resolution ◽  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Urban Pollution ◽  
Radiative Properties ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Mixing Rules ◽  
Source Attribution ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
High Spectral Resolution Lidar ◽  
Aerosol Types

Abstract. Knowledge of aerosol type is important for source attribution and for determining the magnitude and assessing the consequences of aerosol radiative forcing. However, atmospheric aerosol is frequently not a single pure type, but instead occurs as a mixture of types, and this mixing affects the optical and radiative properties of the aerosol. This paper extends the work of earlier researchers by using the aerosol intensive parameters measured by the NASA Langley Research Center airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL-1) to develop a comprehensive and unified set of rules for characterizing the external mixing of several key aerosol intensive parameters: extinction-to-backscatter ratio (i.e. lidar ratio), backscatter color ratio, and depolarization ratio. We present the mixing rules in a particularly simple form that leads easily to mixing rules for the covariance matrices that describe aerosol distributions, rather than just scalar values of measured parameters. These rules can be applied to infer mixing ratios from the lidar-observed aerosol parameters, even for cases without significant depolarization. We demonstrate our technique with measurement curtains from three HSRL-1 flights which exhibit mixing between two aerosol types, urban pollution plus dust, marine plus dust, and smoke plus marine. For these cases, we infer a time-height cross-section of mixing ratio along the flight track, and partition aerosol extinction into portions attributed to the two pure types.

scholarly journals Aerosol plume transport and transformation in high spectral resolution lidar measurements and WRF-Flexpart simulations during the MILAGRO Field Campaign

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 28471-28518 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. de Foy ◽  
S. P. Burton ◽  
R. A. Ferrare ◽  
C. A. Hostetler ◽  
J. W. Hair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Spectral Resolution ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Good Correspondence ◽  
Lidar Measurements ◽  
High Spectral Resolution Lidar ◽  
Aerosol Types ◽  
Depolarization Ratios

Abstract. The Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA) experiences high loadings of atmospheric aerosols from anthropogenic sources, biomass burning and wind-blown dust. This paper uses a combination of measurements and numerical simulations to identify different plumes affecting the basin and to characterize transformation inside the plumes. The airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar measures extinction coefficients and extinction to backscatter ratio at 532 nm, and backscatter coefficients and depolarization ratios at 532 and 1064 nm. These can be used to identify aerosol types. The measurement curtains are compared with particle trajectory simulations using WRF-Flexpart for different source groups. The good correspondence between measurements and simulations suggests that the aerosol transport is sufficiently well characterized by the models to estimate aerosol types and ages. Plumes in the basin undergo complex transport, and are frequently mixed together. Urban aerosols are readily identifiable by their low depolarization ratios and high lidar ratios, and dust by the opposite properties. Fresh biomass burning plumes have very low depolarization ratios which increase rapidly with age. This rapid transformation is consistent with the presence of atmospheric tar balls in the fresh plumes.

scholarly journals Aerosol classification by airborne high spectral resolution lidar observations

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 25983-26028 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Groß ◽  
M. Esselborn ◽  
B. Weinzierl ◽  
M. Wirth ◽  
A. Fix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Spectral Resolution ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
In Situ Measurements ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Aerosol Classification ◽  
Biomass Burning Aerosol ◽  
High Spectral Resolution Lidar ◽  
Aerosol Types

Abstract. During four aircraft field experiments with the DLR research aircraft Falcon in 1998 (LACE), 2006 (SAMUM-1) and 2008 (SAMUM-2 and EUCAARI), airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) and in situ measurements of aerosol microphysical and optical properties were performed. Altogether, the properties of six different aerosol types and aerosol mixtures – Saharan mineral dust, Saharan dust mixtures, Canadian biomass burning aerosol, African biomass burning aerosol, anthropogenic pollution aerosol, and marine aerosol have been studied. On the basis of this extensive HSRL data set, we present an aerosol classification scheme which is also capable to identify mixtures of different aerosol types. We calculated mixing lines that allowed us to determine the contributing aerosol types. The aerosol classification scheme was validated with in-situ measurements and backward trajectory analyses. Our results demonstrate that the developed aerosol mask is capable to identify complex stratifications with different aerosol types throughout the atmosphere.

scholarly journals Airborne high spectral resolution lidar observation of pollution aerosol during EUCAARI-LONGREX

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2435-2444 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Groß ◽  
M. Esselborn ◽  
F. Abicht ◽  
M. Wirth ◽  
A. Fix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Resolution ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Lidar Ratio ◽  
Linear Depolarization Ratio ◽  
High Spectral Resolution Lidar ◽  
Aerosol Types ◽  
Lidar Observations ◽  
Aerosol Type

Abstract. Airborne high spectral resolution lidar observations over Europe during the EUCAARI-LONGREX field experiment in May 2008 are analysed with respect to the optical properties of continental pollution aerosol. Continental pollution aerosol is characterized by its depolarisation and lidar ratio. Over all, the measurements of the lidar ratio and the particle linear depolarization ratio of pollution aerosols provide a narrow range of values. Therefore, this data set allows for a distinct characterization of the aerosol type "pollution aerosol" and thus is valuable both to distinguish continental pollution aerosol from other aerosol types and to determine mixtures with other types of aerosols.

scholarly journals Aerosol classification using airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar measurements – methodology and examples

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 5631-5688 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Burton ◽  
R. A. Ferrare ◽  
C. A. Hostetler ◽  
J. W. Hair ◽  
R. R. Rogers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Resolution ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Color Ratio ◽  
Lidar Measurements ◽  
Aerosol Classification ◽  
Langley Research Center ◽  
High Spectral Resolution Lidar ◽  
Aerosol Types ◽  
532 Nm ◽  
Aerosol Type

Abstract. The NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) on the NASA B200 aircraft has acquired extensive datasets of aerosol extinction (532 nm), aerosol optical thickness (AOT) (532 nm), backscatter (532 and 1064 nm), and depolarization (532 and 1064 nm) profiles during 18 field missions that have been conducted over North America since 2006. The lidar measurements of aerosol intensive parameters (lidar ratio, depolarization, backscatter color ratio, and spectral depolarization ratio) are shown to vary with location and aerosol type. A methodology based on observations of known aerosol types is used to qualitatively classify the extensive set of HSRL aerosol measurements into eight separate types. Several examples are presented showing how the aerosol intensive parameters vary with aerosol type and how these aerosols are classified according to this new methodology. The HSRL-based classification reveals vertical variability of aerosol types during the NASA ARCTAS field experiment conducted over Alaska and northwest Canada during 2008. In two examples derived from flights conducted during ARCTAS, the HSRL classification of biomass burning smoke is shown to be consistent with aerosol types derived from coincident airborne in situ measurements of particle size and composition. The HSRL retrievals of AOT and inferences of aerosol types are used to apportion AOT to aerosol type; results of this analysis are shown for several experiments.

scholarly journals Separating mixtures of aerosol types in airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar data

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Burton ◽  
M. A. Vaughan ◽  
R. A. Ferrare ◽  
C. A. Hostetler
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Resolution ◽  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Urban Pollution ◽  
Radiative Properties ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Mixing Rules ◽  
Source Attribution ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
High Spectral Resolution Lidar ◽  
Aerosol Types

Abstract. Knowledge of aerosol type is important for determining the magnitude and assessing the consequences of aerosol radiative forcing, and can provide useful information for source attribution studies. However, atmospheric aerosol is frequently not a single pure type, but instead occurs as a mixture of types, and this mixing affects the optical and radiative properties of the aerosol. This paper extends the work of earlier researchers by using the aerosol intensive parameters measured by the NASA Langley Research Center airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL-1) to develop a comprehensive and unified set of rules for characterizing the external mixing of several key aerosol intensive parameters: extinction-to-backscatter ratio (i.e., lidar ratio), backscatter color ratio, and depolarization ratio. We present the mixing rules in a particularly simple form that leads easily to mixing rules for the covariance matrices that describe aerosol distributions, rather than just single values of measured parameters. These rules can be applied to infer mixing ratios from the lidar-observed aerosol parameters, even for cases without significant depolarization. We demonstrate our technique with measurement curtains from three HSRL-1 flights which exhibit mixing between two aerosol types, urban pollution plus dust, marine plus dust, and smoke plus marine. For these cases, we infer a time-height cross-section of extinction mixing ratio along the flight track, and partition aerosol extinction into portions attributed to the two pure types.

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