Functional improvement and neuroplastic effects of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) delivered 1day vs. 1week after cerebral ischemia in rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 1452 ◽  
pp. 61-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung Jae Yoon ◽  
Byung-Mo Oh ◽  
Dae-Yul Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Functional Improvement ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation

scholarly journals Transcranial direct-current stimulation protects against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through regulating Cezanne-dependent signaling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Cheng ◽  
Yan-Qin Fan ◽  
Hong-Xiang Jiang ◽  
Song-Feng Chen ◽  
Juan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Functional Improvement ◽  
Neuronal Cultures ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion

Abstract Transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) is proved safe and shows therapeutic effect in cerebral ischemic stroke in clinical trials. But the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here we show that tDCS treatment reduces the infarct volume after rat cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and results in functional improvement of stroke animals. At the cellular and molecular level, tDCS suppresses I/R-induced upregulation of Cezanne in the ischemic neurons. Cezanne inhibition confers neuroprotection after rat I/R and oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) in the cortical neuronal cultures. Inhibiting Cezanne increases the level of SIRT6 that is downregulated in the ischemic neurons. Suppressing SIRT6 blocks Cezanne inhibition-induced neuroprotective effect and overexpressing SIRT6 attenuates OGD-induced neuronal death. We further show that downregulating Cezanne reduces DNA double-strand break (DSB) through upregulation of SIRT6 in OGD-insulted neurons. Together, this study suggests that Cezanne-dependent SIRT6-DNA DSB signaling pathway may mediate the neuroprotective effect of tDCS in ischemic neurons.

scholarly journals Contralesional Application of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Functional Improvement in Ischemic Stroke Mice

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 2208-2218
Author(s):  
Sung Min Ahn ◽  
Da Hee Jung ◽  
Hong Ju Lee ◽  
Malk Eun Pak ◽  
Young Jin Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Expression Profiling ◽  
Functional Improvement ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Subacute Stage

Background and Purpose: The therapeutic use of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), an adjuvant tool for stroke, induces long-term changes in cortical excitability, for example, the secretion of activity-dependent growth factors. We assessed the proper therapeutic configuration of high-definition tDCS (HD-tDCS) in the subacute stage of ischemic stroke and its underlying expression profiling of growth factors to propose a new method for ensuring better therapeutic effects. Methods: Male C57BL/6J mice were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion, after which repetitive HD-tDCS (20 minutes, 55 µA/mm 2 , charge density 66 000 C/m 2 ) was applied from subacute phases of their ischemic insult. Behavioral tests assessing motor and cognitive functions were used to determine suitable conditions and HD-tDCS stimulation sites. Gene expression profiling of growth factors and their secretion and activation were analyzed to shed light on the underlying mechanisms. Results: Anodal HD-tDCS application over the contralesional cortex, especially the motor cortex, was more effective than ipsilesional stimulation in attenuating motor and cognitive deficits. In the HD-tDCS application over the contralesional motor cortex, positive changes in Bmp8b , Gdf5 , Il4 , Pdgfa , Pgf , and Vegfb were observed in the ipsilesional site. The expression of GDF5 (growth/differentiation factor 5) and PDGFA (platelet-derived growth factor subunit A) tended to similarly increase in both ipsi- and contralesional striata. However, higher expression levels of GDF5 and PDGFA and their receptors were observed in the peri-infarct regions of the striatum after HD-tDCS, especially in PDGFA expression. A higher number of proliferating or newly formed neuronal cells was detected in ipsilesional sites such as the subventricular zone. Conclusions: Application of anodal HD-tDCS over the contralesional cortex may enhance beneficial recovery through the expression of growth factors, such as GDF5 and PDGFA, in the ipsilesional site. Therefore, this therapeutic configuration may be applied in the subacute stage of ischemic stroke to ameliorate neurological impairments.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Use of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in the Rehabilitation of Prolonged Disorders of Consciousness

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Aloi ◽  
Antonio Incisa della Rocchetta ◽  
Alice Ditchfield ◽  
Sean Coulborn ◽  
Davinia Fernández-Espejo
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Minimally Conscious State ◽  
Conscious State ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Disorders Of Consciousness ◽  
Electrode Placement ◽  
Functional Improvement ◽  
Complex Needs ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation

Patients with Prolonged Disorders of Consciousness (PDOC) have catastrophic disabilities and very complex needs for care. Therapeutic options are very limited, and patients often show little functional improvement over time. Neuroimaging studies have demonstrated that a significant number of PDOC patients retain a high level of cognitive functioning, and in some cases even awareness, and are simply unable to show this with their external behavior - a condition known as cognitive-motor dissociation (CMD). Despite vast implications for diagnosis, the discovery of covert cognition in PDOC patients is not typically associated with a more favorable prognosis, and the majority of patients will remain in a permanent state of low responsiveness. Recently, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has attracted attention as a potential therapeutic tool in PDOC. Research to date suggests that tDCS can lead to clinical improvements in patients with a minimally conscious state (MCS), especially when administered over multiple sessions. While promising, the outcomes of these studies have been highly inconsistent, partially due to small sample sizes, heterogeneous methodologies (in terms of both tDCS parameters and outcome measures), and limitations related to electrode placement and heterogeneity of brain damage inherent to PDOC. In addition, we argue that neuroimaging and electrophysiological assessments may serve as more sensitive biomarkers to identify changes after tDCS that are not yet apparent behaviorally. Finally, given the evidence that concurrent brain stimulation and physical therapy can enhance motor rehabilitation, we argue that future studies should focus on the integration of tDCS with conventional rehabilitation programmes from the subacute phase of care onwards, to ascertain whether any synergies exist.

Transcranial direct current stimulation and retraining in musician's hand dystonia

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Buttkus ◽  
V Baur ◽  
HC Jabusch ◽  
M Weidenmüller ◽  
S Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Hand Dystonia
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