Central nervous system immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in AIDS: Experience of a Mexican neurological centre

2012 ◽  
Vol 114 (7) ◽  
pp. 852-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik A. Guevara-Silva ◽  
María A. Ramírez-Crescencio ◽  
José Luís Soto-Hernández ◽  
Graciela Cárdenas
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Immune Reconstitution ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

scholarly journals MRI imaging features of HIV-related central nervous system diseases: diagnosis by pattern recognition in daily practice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mio Sakai ◽  
Masahiro Higashi ◽  
Takuya Fujiwara ◽  
Tomoko Uehira ◽  
Takuma Shirasaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Immune Reconstitution ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Primary Cns Lymphoma ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Cns Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

AbstractWith the advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART), the prognosis of people infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has improved, and the frequency of HIV-related central nervous system (CNS) diseases has decreased. Nevertheless, mortality from HIV-related CNS diseases, including those associated with ART (e.g., immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome) remains significant. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can improve the outlook for people with HIV through early diagnosis and prompt treatment. For example, HIV encephalopathy shows a diffuse bilateral pattern, whereas progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, HIV-related primary CNS lymphoma, and CNS toxoplasmosis show focal patterns on MRI. Among the other diseases caused by opportunistic infections, CNS cryptococcosis and CNS tuberculosis have extremely poor prognoses unless diagnosed early. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome shows distinct MRI findings from the offending opportunistic infections. Although distinguishing between HIV-related CNS diseases based on imaging alone is difficult, in this review, we discuss how pattern recognition approaches can contribute to their early differentiation.

scholarly journals The predictive power of MRI criteria in the diagnosis of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome by the comparison of classification using the decision tree method and ROC analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
E. G. Bakulina ◽  
G. V. Kataeva ◽  
T. N. Trofimova
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Decision Tree ◽  
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Immune Reconstitution ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

Introduction. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome involving the central nervous system (CNS-IRIS) is a dangerous complication in HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART). The radiologic features of this syndrome have been little studied and are presented in isolated works. The diagnosis is difficult because there are no generally accepted criteria for IRIS. Our study is devoted to radiology of IRIS. Based on the results of brain MRI, together with clinical and laboratory data, MRI criteria for IRIS were formulated.Purpose and goals. To determine the prognostic value of MRI signs of CNS-IRIS using in a cohort of HIV-positive patients with neurological symptoms.Materials and methods. The analysis includes data from 68 HIV-infected patients who underwent brain MRI. In 14 of them were diagnosed IRIS with involvement of the central nervous system. To determine the diagnostic efficiency of the formulated MRI criteria, the STATISTICA program was used, decision trees were built, and a ROC analysis was performed.Results. Five decision tree models were built with different predictive values. The models took into account the categorical predictors (MRI criteria) in different order and quantity. The best performance has model #5, which can be considered a clinically useful predictive model.Conclusion. Brain MRI is an essential diagnostic step in HIV-infected patients on ART. It is necessary to expand the indications and conditions for radiological studies of the brain in patients with suspected immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome.

scholarly journals Central nervous system immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) after hematopoietic SCT

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Airas ◽  
M Päivärinta ◽  
M Röyttä ◽  
J Karhu ◽  
M Kauppila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Immune Reconstitution ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

scholarly journals Tuberculosis-Associated Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome Manifested As Multiple Central Nervous System Granulomas In Non-HIV Patient: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Can-Hong YANG ◽  
Qing-Gan Zeng ◽  
Tian-Ming Lü
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Immune Reconstitution ◽  
Tuberculosis Patient ◽  
Immunocompromised Patients ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Mycobacteria Tuberculosis ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

Abstract Background: In addition to developed in HIV patient during highly active antiretroviral therapy, immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) has also been well recognized in non-HIV immunocompromised patients induced by latent viruses, untreated microorganisms, or treating microorganisms. Mycobacteria tuberculosis is one of the most common pathogens inducing IRIS.Case presentation: Here, we report a tuberculosis patient progressed with IRIS that additional central nervous system (CNS) granuloma occurred during the anti-tuberculosis treatment (ATT) process with her pulmonary symptoms improved after quadruple anti-tuberculosis. This case highlights the need to increase the awareness of IRIS in non-HIV immunocompromised patients.Conclusions: TB-IRIS must be considered when the condition deteriorates or development of new lesions at distant sites in the course of ATT. Early identification and diagnosis help to handle timely and correctly.

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