Rhythmic arm cycling suppresses hyperactive soleus H-reflex amplitude after stroke

2008 ◽  
Vol 119 (6) ◽  
pp. 1443-1452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasaman Barzi ◽  
E. Paul Zehr
Keyword(s):  
H Reflex ◽  
Reflex Amplitude ◽  
Arm Cycling

scholarly journals Effect of cervicolumbar coupling on spinal reflexes during cycling after incomplete spinal cord injury

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (6) ◽  
pp. 3172-3186 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Zhou ◽  
B. Parhizi ◽  
J. Assh ◽  
L. Alvarado ◽  
R. Ogilvie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
H Reflex ◽  
Spinal Reflexes ◽  
Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Reflex Amplitude ◽  
Arm Cycling ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Leg Cycling ◽  
Cycling Training

Spinal networks in the cervical and lumbar cord are actively coupled during locomotion to coordinate arm and leg activity. The goals of this project were to investigate the intersegmental cervicolumbar connectivity during cycling after incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI) and to assess the effect of rehabilitation training on improving reflex modulation mediated by cervicolumbar pathways. Two studies were conducted. In the first, 22 neurologically intact (NI) people and 10 people with chronic iSCI were recruited. The change in H-reflex amplitude in flexor carpi radialis (FCR) during leg cycling and H-reflex amplitude in soleus (SOL) during arm cycling were investigated. In the second study, two groups of participants with chronic iSCI underwent 12 wk of cycling training: one performed combined arm and leg cycling (A&L) and the other legs only cycling (Leg). The effect of training paradigm on the amplitude of the SOL H-reflex was assessed. Significant reduction in the amplitude of both FCR and SOL H-reflexes during dynamic cycling of the opposite limbs was found in NI participants but not in participants with iSCI. Nonetheless, there was a significant reduction in the SOL H-reflex during dynamic arm cycling in iSCI participants after training. Substantial improvements in SOL H-reflex properties were found in the A&L group after training. The results demonstrate that cervicolumbar modulation during rhythmic movements is disrupted in people with chronic iSCI; however, this modulation is restored after cycling training. Furthermore, involvement of the arms simultaneously with the legs during training may better regulate the leg spinal reflexes.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This work systematically demonstrates the disruptive effect of incomplete spinal cord injury on cervicolumbar coupling during rhythmic locomotor movements. It also shows that the impaired cervicolumbar coupling could be significantly restored after cycling training. Actively engaging the arms in rehabilitation paradigms for the improvement of walking substantially regulates the excitability of the lumbar spinal networks. The resulting regulation may be better than that obtained by interventions that focus on training of the legs only.

Phase-dependent modulation of soleus H-reflex amplitude induced by rhythmic arm cycling

2010 ◽  
Vol 475 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoff C. de Ruiter ◽  
Sandra R. Hundza ◽  
E. Paul Zehr
Keyword(s):  
H Reflex ◽  
Reflex Amplitude ◽  
Arm Cycling

Effect of afferent feedback and central motor commands on soleus H-reflex suppression during arm cycling

2012 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 3049-3058 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Hundza ◽  
Geoff C. de Ruiter ◽  
M. Klimstra ◽  
E. Paul Zehr
Keyword(s):  
Primary Source ◽  
Arm Movement ◽  
H Reflex ◽  
Afferent Feedback ◽  
Reflex Modulation ◽  
Muscle Vibration ◽  
Reflex Amplitude ◽  
Motor Commands ◽  
Arm Cycling ◽  
Central Motor Commands

Suppression of soleus H-reflex amplitude in stationary legs is seen during rhythmic arm cycling. We examined the influence of various arm-cycling parameters on this interlimb reflex modulation to determine the origin of the effect. We previously showed the suppression to be graded with the frequency of arm cycling but not largely influenced by changes in peripheral input associated with crank length. Here, we more explicitly explored the contribution of afferent feedback related to arm movement on the soleus H-reflex suppression. We explored the influence of load and rate of muscle stretch by manipulating crank-load and arm-muscle vibration during arm cycling. Furthermore, internally driven (“Active”) and externally driven (“Passive”) arm cycling was compared. Soleus H-reflexes were evoked with tibial nerve stimulation during stationary control and rhythmic arm-cycling conditions, including: 1) six different loads; 2) with and without vibration to arm muscles; and 3) Active and Passive conditions. No significant differences were seen in the level of suppression between the different crank loads or between conditions with and without arm-muscle vibration. Furthermore, in contrast to the clear effect seen during active cycling, passive arm cycling did not significantly suppress the soleus H-reflex amplitude. Current results, in conjunction with previous findings, suggest that the afferent feedback examined in these studies is not the primary source responsible for soleus H-reflex suppression. Instead, it appears that central motor commands (supraspinal or spinal in origin) associated with frequency of arm cycling are relatively more dominant sources.

Effect of Rhythmic Arm Movement on Reflexes in the Legs: Modulation of Soleus H-Reflexes and Somatosensory Conditioning

2004 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 1516-1523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Frigon ◽  
David F. Collins ◽  
E. Paul Zehr
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Presynaptic Inhibition ◽  
Arm Movement ◽  
Common Peroneal Nerve ◽  
H Reflex ◽  
Reflex Amplitude ◽  
Lumbosacral Spinal Cord ◽  
Arm Cycling ◽  
Shoulder Flexion

During locomotor tasks such as walking, running, and swimming, the arms move rhythmically with the legs. It has been suggested that connections between the cervical and lumbosacral spinal cord may mediate some of this interlimb coordination. However, it is unclear how these interlimb pathways modulate reflex excitability during movement. We hypothesized that rhythmic arm movement would alter the gain of reflex pathways in the stationary leg. Soleus H-reflexes recorded during arm cycling were compared with those recorded at similar positions with the arms stationary. Nerve stimulation was delivered with the right arm at approximately 70° shoulder flexion or 10° shoulder extension. H-reflexes were evoked alone (unconditioned) or with sural or common peroneal nerve (CP) conditioning to decrease or increase soleus IA presynaptic inhibition, respectively. Both conditioning stimuli were also delivered with no H-reflex stimulation. H-reflex amplitudes were compared at similar M-wave amplitudes and activation levels of the soleus. Arm cycling significantly reduced ( P < 0.05) unconditioned soleus H-reflexes at shoulder flexion by 21.7% and at shoulder extension by 8.8% compared with static controls. The results demonstrate a task-dependent modulation of soleus H-reflexes between arm cycling and stationary trials. Sural nerve stimulation facilitated H-reflexes at shoulder extension but not at shoulder flexion during static and cycling trials. CP nerve stimulation significantly reduced H-reflex amplitude in all conditions. Reflexes in soleus when sural and CP nerve stimulation were delivered alone, were not different between cycling and static trials; thus the task-dependent change in H reflex amplitude was not due to changes in motoneuron excitability. Therefore modulation occurred at a pre-motoneuronal level, probably by presynaptic inhibition of the IA afferent volley. Results indicate that neural networks coupling the cervical and lumbosacral spinal cord in humans are activated during rhythmic arm movement. It is proposed that activation of these networks may assist in reflex linkages between the arms and legs during locomotor tasks.

Walking Phase Modulates H-Reflex Amplitude in Flexor Carpi Radialis

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoinette Domingo ◽  
Marc Klimstra ◽  
Tsuyoshi Nakajima ◽  
Tania Lam ◽  
Sandra R. Hundza
Keyword(s):  
H Reflex ◽  
Reflex Amplitude ◽  
Flexor Carpi Radialis

scholarly journals Normal limits of side-to-side H-reflex amplitude variability

1994 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ward R. Jankus ◽  
Lawrence R. Robinson ◽  
James W. Little
Keyword(s):  
H Reflex ◽  
Reflex Amplitude ◽  
Amplitude Variability ◽  
Normal Limits

scholarly journals Reliability of the Soleus H-Reflex in Different Sitting Postures

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Hamad S. Al Amer ◽  
Mohamed A. Sabbahi ◽  
Sharon L. Olson
Keyword(s):  
Generalizability Theory ◽  
Maximum Amplitude ◽  
H Reflex ◽  
Hoffmann Reflex ◽  
Reflex Amplitude ◽  
Recording Session ◽  
Acceptable Reliability ◽  
Healthy Participants ◽  
Reliability Coefficients ◽  
Adequate Reliability

The Soleus (SOL) Hoffmann reflex (H-reflex) is commonly recorded in sitting position. However, the reliability of recording is unknown. We assessed the reliability of SOL H-reflex amplitude measurements across multiple traces and sessions during erect, slumped, and slouched sitting postures using the generalizability theory. Five traces of the SOL H-reflex maximum amplitude (Hmax) were recorded from 10 healthy participants during erect, slumped, and slouched sitting postures in two sessions. A decision study analysis was then conducted to calculate the reliability coefficients of the Hmax for five traces and two sessions and to mathematically calculate the coefficients for seven and ten traces, and one and three sessions in the three sitting postures. For five traces and two sessions, the results showed reliability coefficients between 0.970 and 0.971, 0.980 and 0.979, and equal to 0.943 for erect, slumped, and slouched sitting, respectively. Averaging five traces of the Hmax in a single recording session was sufficient to obtain acceptable reliability in the three sitting postures (reliability range, 0.892–0.988). It was concluded that the SOL Hmax can be recorded during erect, slumped, and slouched sitting postures with adequate reliability.

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