The journey of herpesvirus capsids and genomes to the host cell nucleus

The size of the gametocytes of a leucocytozoon in young crows shows a wide variation in birds obtained in different localities. The host cell nucleus of infected cells may be pushed to one side, almost surround the parasite, or be intermediate between these extremes. Previous descriptions, given by various authors, of Leucocytozoon sakharoffi and L. berestneffi show similar differences in these characters. L. berestneffi is considered therefore to be a synonym of L. sakharoffi.

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THE CYTONUCLEOPROTEINS OF AMEBAE

The Journal of Cell Biology ◽

10.1083/jcb.19.3.453 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 453-466 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Thomas J. Byers ◽

Dorothy B. Platt ◽

Lester Goldstein

Keyword(s):

Host Cell ◽

Cell Nucleus ◽

Amoeba Proteus ◽

Host Cells ◽

Binucleate Cell ◽

Donor Nucleus ◽

Random Manner ◽

Host Cell Nucleus ◽

Long Term Behavior

Autoradiographs of whole Amoeba proteus host cells fixed after the implantation of single nuclei from A. proteus donors labeled with any one of 8 different radioactive amino acids showed that the label had become highly concentrated in the host cell nucleus as well as in the donor nucleus and that the cytoplasmic activity was relatively low. When these amebae were sectioned, the radioactivity was found to be homogeneously distributed throughout the nuclei. The effect of unlabeled amino acid "chaser," the solubility of the labeled material, and the long-term behavior of the labeled material gave evidence that the radioactivity was in protein. At equilibrium, the host cell nucleus contained approximately 30 per cent of the radioactivity distributed between the two nuclei. This unequal nuclear distribution is attributed to the presence of two classes of nuclear proteins: a non-migratory one that does not leave the nucleus during interphase, and a migratory one, called cytonucleoprotein, that shuttles between nucleus and cytoplasm in a non-random manner. It is estimated that between 12 per cent and 44 per cent of the cytonucleoproteins are present in the cytoplasm of a binucleate cell at any one moment. Nuclei of Chaos chaos host cells also concentrated label acquired from implanted radioactive A. proteus nuclei.

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Host Cell Subversion by Toxoplasma GRA16, an Exported Dense Granule Protein that Targets the Host Cell Nucleus and Alters Gene Expression

Cell Host & Microbe ◽

10.1016/j.chom.2013.03.002 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 489-500 ◽

Cited By ~ 143

Author(s):

Alexandre Bougdour ◽

Eric Durandau ◽

Marie-Pierre Brenier-Pinchart ◽

Philippe Ortet ◽

Mohamed Barakat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Host Cell ◽

Cell Nucleus ◽

Dense Granule ◽

Granule Protein ◽

Host Cell Nucleus

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An oomycete effector protein induces shade avoidance in Arabidopsis and attenuates salicylate signaling by binding to host proteins of the RADICAL-INDUCED CELL DEATH1 family

10.1101/137844 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lennart Wirthmueller ◽

Shuta Asai ◽

Ghanasyam Rallapalli ◽

Jan Sklenar ◽

Georgina Fabro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Innate Immunity ◽

Host Cell ◽

Cell Nucleus ◽

Induced Defense ◽

Marker Gene ◽

Effector Proteins ◽

Host Cells ◽

Shade Avoidance ◽

Triple Mutant ◽

Host Cell Nucleus

AbstractThe oomycete pathogen Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis (Hpa) causes downy mildew disease on Arabidopsis. During infection, Hpa like other biotrophic pathogens, suppresses activation of plant innate immunity by translocating effector proteins into host cells. Some of these effectors localize to the host cell nucleus where they may manipulate transcriptional reprogramming of plant defense genes. Here we report that the nuclear-localized Hpa effector HaRxL106, when expressed in Arabidopsis, induces shade avoidance and attenuates the transcriptional response to the defense signaling molecule salicylic acid. HaRxL106 interacts with RADICAL-INDUCED CELL DEATH1 (RCD1) and loss of RCD1 function renders Arabidopsis resilient against HaRxL106-mediated suppression of immunity. To further characterize the molecular functions of RCD1 we solved a crystal structure of RCD1’s Poly-(ADP-ribose)-Polymerase (PARP) domain and, based on non-conservation of amino acids constituting the active site of canonical PARPs, conclude that RCD1 has no PARP activity. We report that RCD1-type proteins are phosphorylated and identified histone-modifying Mut9-like kinases (MLKs) as RCD1-interacting proteins. A mlk1,3,4 triple mutant exhibits stronger SA-induced defense marker gene expression compared to wild-type plants. Our data suggest that HaRxL106 suppresses Arabidopsis innate immunity by manipulating the function(s) of RCD1 in the host cell nucleus and point towards a role of RCD1 as a transcriptional co-regulator that integrates signals from light and pathogen sensors.

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Yaba virus-specific DNA in the host cell nucleus

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis ◽

10.1016/0005-2787(77)90243-x ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 478 (1) ◽

pp. 59-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jerry L. Taylor ◽

H. Rouhandeh

Keyword(s):

Host Cell ◽

Cell Nucleus ◽

Host Cell Nucleus

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Avian Haemoproteidae. I. Description of Haemoproteus fallisi n. sp. and a review of the haemoproteids of the family Turdidae

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z72-172 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 50 (10) ◽

pp. 1269-1275 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

Gordon F. Bennett ◽

A. G. Campbell

Keyword(s):

Host Cell ◽

Cell Nucleus ◽

Geographical Range ◽

Nomen Nudum ◽

Turdus Migratorius ◽

Cell Cytoplasm ◽

American Robin ◽

Host Cell Cytoplasm ◽

The Family ◽

Host Cell Nucleus

Haemoproteus fallisi n. sp. is described from the American robin. Turdus migratorius L. Other hosts and geographical range are cited and a summary of haemoproteid infections in the Turdidae is included. H. fallisi is compared with other haemoproteids described from the Turdidae, H. moruony de Mello and Braz de Sa is synonomized with H. fringillae and H. orizivora. H. geocichla Cleland and Johnson is considered to be a nomen nudum. Haemoproteus danilewskyi, also recorded from the Turdidae, is distinguished from H. fallisi by its larger size and by the fact that it surrounds the host cell nucleus and occupies nearly all of the host cell cytoplasm.

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