Performance of an agro-forestry based Payments-for-Environmental-Services project in Mozambique: A household level analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 122-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Hegde ◽  
Gary Q. Bull
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Services ◽  
Payments For Environmental Services ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Agro Forestry ◽  
Level Analysis

scholarly journals Payments for environmental services supported social capital while increasing land management

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (27) ◽  
pp. 7016-7021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Alix-Garcia ◽  
Katharine R. E. Sims ◽  
Victor H. Orozco-Olvera ◽  
Laura E. Costica ◽  
Jorge David Fernández Medina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
Payments For Environmental Services ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Transfer Programs ◽  
Rigorous Research

Payments for environmental services (PES) programs incentivize landowners to protect or improve natural resources. Many conservationists fear that introducing compensation for actions previously offered voluntarily will reduce social capital (the institutions, relationships, attitudes, and values that govern human interactions), yet little rigorous research has investigated this concern. We examined the land cover management and communal social capital impacts of Mexico’s federal conservation payments program, which is a key example for other countries committed to reducing deforestation, protecting watersheds, and conserving biodiversity. We used a regression discontinuity (RD) methodology to identify causal program effects, comparing outcomes for PES participants and similar rejected applicants close to scoring cutoffs. We found that payments increased land cover management activities, such as patrolling for illegal activity, building fire breaks, controlling pests, or promoting soil conservation, by ∼50%. Importantly, increases in paid activities as a result of PES did not crowd out unpaid contributions to land management or other prosocial work. Community social capital increased by ∼8–9%, and household-level measures of trust were not affected by the program. These findings demonstrate that major environmental conditional cash transfer programs can support both land management and the attitudes and institutions underpinning prosocial behavior. Rigorous empirical research on this question can proceed only country by country because of methodological limitations, but will be an important line of inquiry as PES continues to expand worldwide.

scholarly journals Gambling and credit: an individual and household level analysis for the UK

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (35) ◽  
pp. 4639-4650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Brown ◽  
Andrew Dickerson ◽  
Jolian McHardy ◽  
Karl Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Household Level ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Level Analysis

The role of deforestation risk and calibrated compensation in designing payments for environmental services

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
JENNIFER ALIX-GARCIA ◽  
ALAIN DE JANVRY ◽  
ELISABETH SADOULET
Keyword(s):  
Common Property ◽  
Budget Constraint ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
Payments For Environmental Services ◽  
Land Productivity ◽  
Payment Scheme ◽  
Payment Schemes ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Poor Communities

ABSTRACTThis paper discusses the gain in efficiency from including deforestation risk as a targeting criterion in payments for environmental services (PES) programs. We contrast two payment schemes that we simulate using data from Mexican common property forests: a flat payment scheme with a cap on allowable hectares per enrollee, similar to the program implemented in many countries, and a payment that takes deforestation risk and heterogeneity in land productivity into account. We simulate the latter strategy both with and without a budget constraint. Using observed past deforestation, we find that while risk-targeted payments are far more efficient, capped flat payments are more egalitarian. We also consider the characteristics of communities receiving payments from both programs. We find that the risk-weighted scheme results in more payments to poor communities, and that these payments are more efficient than those made to non-poor ejidos. Finally, we show that the risk of deforestation can be predicted quite precisely with indicators that are easily observable and that cannot be manipulated by the community.

Promotion of afforestation in New Zealand’s marginal agricultural lands through payments for environmental services

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 101212
Author(s):  
Thales A.P. West ◽  
Juan J. Monge ◽  
Les J. Dowling ◽  
Steve J. Wakelin ◽  
Holly K. Gibbs
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Services ◽  
Payments For Environmental Services ◽  
Agricultural Lands

scholarly journals Gender and payments for environmental services: impacts of participation, benefit-sharing and conservation activities in Viet Nam

Oryx ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Pamela McElwee ◽  
Huệ Thị Văn Lê ◽  
Tuyến Phương Nghiêm ◽  
Hương Diệu Vũ ◽  
Nghị Hữư Trần
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Benefit Sharing ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Payments For Environmental Services ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Female Headed Households ◽  
Women Participation ◽  
Over Time

Abstract There has been a rapid expansion in the use of payments for environmental services (PES) as a key conservation finance policy. However, there is insufficient understanding of how gender can affect PES implementation and outcomes. We present results from a case study in Viet Nam, where a national PES programme has been in place for a decade. Through panel household survey data, focus groups and interviews, we examined how women have been involved in PES policies, what the impacts have been on decision-making by men and women, participation rates and use of PES income over time, and the potential conservation outcomes. Our research confirms that resource use varies between men and women, and changes in access rights can fall disproportionately on women. Participation in PES has been lower for female-headed households and for women within male-headed households, although gradually more equitable participation has evolved within households. Female-headed households reported expending more yearly effort on PES activities despite protecting less land, and also increased their conservation activities over time as they presumably became more familiar with PES. Use of income from PES also showed differences between male and female-led households, with men more likely to spend funds on non-essential goods. Within households, although men initially decided how to spend PES money, decision-making has become more equitable over time. We conclude with some recommendations on how to increase attention to gender in PES projects and future research to improve outcomes.

scholarly journals Upscaling Payments for Environmental Services (PES): Critical Issues

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romain Pirard ◽  
Raphaël Billé ◽  
Thomas Sembrés
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Services ◽  
Payments For Environmental Services ◽  
Critical Issues
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