A cradle-to-gate based life cycle impact assessment comparing the KBF w EFB hybrid reinforced poly hydroxybutyrate biocomposite and common petroleum-based composites as building materials

Abstract The aviation industry has been growing continuously over the past decades. Despite the current Covid-19 crisis, this trend is likely to resume in the near future. On an international level, initiatives like the Green Recovery Plan promoted by the European Union set the basis towards a more environmentally friendly future approach for the aero-industry. The increasing air traffic and the focus on a more sustainable industry as a whole lead to an extensive need for a more balanced assessment of a products life cycle especially on an ecological level. Blisks (or IBRs) remain a central component of every current and very possible every future aero engine configuration. Their advantages during operation compared to conventional compressor rotors are met with a considerably complex manufacturing and production process. In the high-pressure compressor segment of an engine, the material selection is limited to Titanium alloys such as Ti6Al4V and heat-resistant Nickel-alloys such as Inconel718. The corresponding process chains consist of numerous different process steps starting with the initial raw material extraction and ending with the quality assurance (cradle to gate). Especially the central milling process requires a highly qualified process design to ensure a part of sufficient quality. Life-Cycle-Assessments enable an investigation of a products overall environmental impact and ecological footprint throughout its distinct life-cycle. Formal LCAs are generally divided by international standards into four separate steps of analysis: the goal and scope definition, the acquisition of Life Cycle-Inventory, the Life-Cycle-Impact-Assessment and the interpretation. This content of this paper focuses on a general approach for Life-Cycle-Assessment for Blisk manufacturing. • Firstly, the goal and scope is set by presenting three separate process chain scenarios for Blisk manufacturing, which mainly differ in terms of raw material selection and individual process selections for blade manufacturing. • Secondly, the LCI data (Life-Cycle Inventory) acquisition is illustrated by defining all significant in- and outputs of each individual process step. • Thirdly, the approach of a Life-Cycle-Impact-Assessment is presented by introducing the modelling approach in an LCA-software environment. • Fourthly, an outlook and discussion on relevant impact-indicators for a subsequent interpretation of future results are conducted.

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How sustainable are flexible and rigid pavement? A Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) approach

IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1088/1757-899x/1072/1/012071 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1072 (1) ◽

pp. 012071

Author(s):

J U D Hatmoko ◽

L Lendra

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Impact Assessment ◽

Life Cycle Impact Assessment ◽

Rigid Pavement ◽

Life Cycle Impact

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Uncertainty caused by life cycle impact assessment methods: Case studies in process-based LCI databases

Resources Conservation and Recycling ◽

10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105678 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 172 ◽

pp. 105678

Author(s):

Xiaoju Chen ◽

H. Scott Matthews ◽

W. Michael Griffin

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Impact Assessment ◽

Case Studies ◽

Life Cycle Impact Assessment ◽

Assessment Methods ◽

Life Cycle Impact

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Comparing of the external bearing wall using three cultural perspectives in the life cycle impact assessment

IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1088/1757-899x/385/1/012064 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 385 ◽

pp. 012064 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M Wolfova ◽

A Estokova ◽

M Ondova ◽

A Monokova

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Impact Assessment ◽

Life Cycle Impact Assessment ◽

Cultural Perspectives ◽

Life Cycle Impact

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Comparative Life Cycle Impact Assessment between the Productions of Zinc from Conventional Concentrates Versus Waelz Oxides Obtained from Slags

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13020580 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 580

Author(s):

Voicu-Teodor Muica ◽

Alexandru Ozunu ◽

Zoltàn Török

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Impact Assessment ◽

Life Cycle Impact Assessment ◽

Fine Tuning ◽

Process Data ◽

Medicinal Uses ◽

Zinc Metal ◽

Real Process ◽

Life Cycle Impact

(1) Background: The importance of Zinc in today’s world can hardly be exaggerated—from anticorrosion properties, to its durability, aesthetic, and even medicinal uses—zinc is ever-present in our daily lives ever since its discovery in ancient times. The natural, essential, durable, and recyclable features of zinc make it a prized material with uses in many applications across a wide array of fields. The purpose of this study was to compare two life cycle impact assessments of zinc production by using two different main raw materials: (A) zinc concentrates (sulfide ore) and (B) Waelz oxides (obtained through recycling existing imperial smelting process furnace slags). The Waelz oxide scenario was based on a case study regarding the existing slag deposit located in Copsa Mica town, Sibiu county, Romania. (2) Methods: consequential life cycle impact assessment methods were applied to each built system, with real process data obtained from the case study enterprise. (3) Results: Overall, the use of slags in the Waelz kiln to produce zinc oxides for use in the production of zinc metal is beneficial to the environment in some areas (acidification, water, and terrestrial eutrophication), whereas in other areas it has a slightly larger impact (climate change, photochemical ozone formation, and ozone depletion). (4) Conclusions: The use of slags (considered a waste) is encouraged to produce zinc metal, where available. The results are not absolute, suggesting the further need for fine-tuning the input data and other process parameters.

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