Processo de Inclusão do Estudante Surdo no Ensino Fundamental na Rede Municipal de Salgueiro / Process of Inclusion of Deaf Students in Elementary Education in the Municipality of Salgueiro

Resumo: A inclusão é uma conquista do movimento das pessoas com deficiência para terem direito de acesso à escola assim como as demais pessoas. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo principal analisar o processo de inclusão do estudante surdo no ensino fundamental na rede municipal de Salgueiro- PE. Assim, buscando entender qual o verdadeiro processo de inclusão do aluno surdo no ensino fundamental no município de Salgueiro- PE? Como isso visou-se identificar a inclusão do estudante Surdo do Ensino Regular, compreender o processo de inclusão a partir da legislação, identificar o processo de inclusão tendo como referência a educação como principal meio de favorecimento a uma convivência humana saudável, pautada no respeito pela diversidade que constitui a sociedade e ainda refletir a luz da importância da Libras/interprete para facilitação da aprendizagem do surdo na sala de aula numa experiência de escola regular na cidade de Salgueiro- PE. A presente pesquisa foi de base qualitativa, sendo parte reflexiva aos diálogos de autores citados no mesmo e de uma pesquisa semiestruturada com a secretaria de educação da rede municipal de Salgueiro- PE. Onde verificou-se que através desses questionamentos existe uma barreira desafiante que precisa ser urgente resolvida no processo de inclusão do aluno surdo nas escolas da rede. Faz-se necessário o reconhecimento da língua de sinais como importante para os alunos surdos, formação continuada e especifica para os profissionais da educação na perspectiva de qualifica-los, entendendo que a formação constitui elemento fundamental para se atingir os objetivos visados pela educação. Palavras chave: Aluno surdo. Educação. Inclusão. Libras. Professor. Abstract: Inclusion is an achievement of the movement of people with disabilities to have the right to access school just like other people. The main objective of this study was to analyze the process of inclusion of deaf students in elementary education in the municipal network of Salgueiro-PE. So, trying to understand what is the real process of inclusion of deaf students in elementary school in the city of Salgueiro-PE? As such, the aim was to identify the inclusion of Deaf students in Regular Education, understand the inclusion process from the legislation, identify the inclusion process with reference to education as the main means of favoring a healthy human coexistence, based on respect for diversity that constitutes society and still reflect the light of the importance of Libras/interpreter to facilitate the learning of the deaf in the classroom in a regular school experience in the city of Salgueiro-PE. The present research was qualitatively based, being a reflexive part of the dialogues of authors mentioned in the same and of a semi-structured research with the education department of the municipal network of Salgueiro-PE. Where it was found that through these questions there is a challenging barrier that needs to be urgently resolved in the process of inclusion of deaf students in schools in the network. It is necessary to recognize sign language as important for deaf students, continuing and specific training for education professionals with a view to qualifying them, understanding that training is a fundamental element to achieve the goals pursued by education. Keywords: Deaf student. Education. Inclusion. LIBRAS. Teacher.

Starting From and Beyond Matteo Ricci

Between 1500 and 1600, the Jesuit Ricci carried out a real process of inculturation of Christianity in China. Subsequently, he operated according to acculturation: a form of colonialism. This process consisted also in the construction of churches, which were built in the neo-Gothic style. In 1926 dom Gresnigt was sent to China with the aim of creating a new Sino-Christian style, supported by Bishop Costantini and the new missionary policy. These attempts at architectural inculturation, however, focused on stylistic issues. We must act according to an intercultural dialogue. Starting from a textual translation of the liturgical books and the ritual action, this dialogue can provide the architect with images of experience that can be implemented as places and movements within the horizon of the sacred. Metaphors must be found, and even better affordances must be constructed to increase the effectiveness of ritual actions, making even those that can only be imagined emotionally perceptible.

Assessing the Real Risk of Mining Industry Environmental Impact. Case Study

The aim of this article is to analyse the real risk that mining operations pose to the environment, including all the main concernsrelated to the project's planned operations and their environmental impacts. In order to carry out an in-depth analysis of a practicalcase involving the real process of mineral extraction, we use the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Leopold matrix as a methodof measurement. The subject of the investigation is the extraction of lithium from natural brine located in South America's so-calledLithium Triangle, in the geographical limits of Argentina, Bolivia and Chile, where more than 80% of the world's lithium reserves arelocated. The case study showed that the elements of the environment most exposed to mining activities are the biosphere, lithosphereand hydrosphere. The vast areas of the mining company are covered by sedimentary ponds with brine. Pumping the brine to the surface results in a loss of groundwater resources and, consequently, changes the water cycle in the catchment area. The habitats of aquaticand terrestrial fauna and flora are significantly changed or irretrievably damaged.

THE CONSTRUCTION OF GUILT IN EUROPEAN MEDIEVAL LAW

Постоянная потребность исследователей в углубленном изучении проблем вины и ответственности определяется не только задачами совершенствования законодательства и правоприменительной практики, но и изменчивостью представлений людей об основаниях, пределах, формах и целях ответственности лица, представлений, отражающих реальный процесс исторического развития общественных отношений и практики их правового регулирования. В работе исследована деятельность средневекового законодателя по разграничению умысла и неосторожности как двух форм вины при совершении преступлений против личности, а также разграничение виновного причинения вреда от казуса. Автор пришел к выводу о том, что в источниках европейского права VIII-XVI вв. законодатель значительное место уделяет внутреннему (субъективному) отношению лица к совершенному правонарушению и его последствиям. Выявление и учет таких признаков субъективной стороны деяния, как вина, мотив и цель, существенно влиял на квалификацию деяния и назначение наказания либо приводил к освобождению от ответственности ввиду отсутствия субъективной стороны правонарушения (вины) как одного из элементов состава правонарушения. В работе показано, каким образом законодатель учитывал влияние субъективного отношения лица к совершенному деянию при установлении юридической ответственности. The constant need of researchers for an in-depth study of the problems of guilt and responsibility is determined not only by the tasks of improving legislation and law enforcement practice, but also by the variability of people's ideas about the grounds, limits, forms and purposes of a person's responsibility, ideas that reflect the real process of the historical development of social relations and the practice of their legal regulation. The work examines the activities of the medieval legislator to differentiate intent and negligence as two forms of guilt when committing crimes against the person, as well as the differentiation of guilty harm from an incident. The author came to the conclusion that in the sources of European law of the VIII-XVI centuries. For centuries, the legislator has given a significant place to the internal (subjective) attitude of a person to a committed offense and its consequences. The identification and consideration of such signs of the subjective side of the act as guilt, motive and purpose significantly influenced the qualification of the act and the appointment of punishment, or led to release from liability due to the absence of the subjective side of the offense (guilt) as one of the elements of the offense. The work shows how the legislator took into account the influence of a person's subjective attitude to the committed act when establishing legal responsibility.

POST-SOVIET DRAMA OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS (IN CONNECTION WITH THE 99TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FORMATION OF THE USSR AND THE 30TH ANNIVERSARY OF ITS ABOLISHMENT)

The article was prepared in connection with the 99th anniversary of the formation of the USSR and the 30th anniversary of the termination of its existence. The article reveals the relationship between the norms of the Constitution of the USSR of 1924 (and subsequent versions of the document) on the self-determination of nations and their right to secede from the Union with the real process of destruction of a single state. It is shown that the disintegration of the Union was carried out not in connection with the constitutional right of the union republics to self-determination, not with the observance of the appropriate procedures for leaving the single state, but, on the contrary, on an anti-constitutional basis. The author reveals the artificial and politically motivated nature of the arguments regarding the «mines» laid down in their time by the Bolsheviks under the national state structure of the USSR. This device turned out to be productive both for repelling military aggression and for peaceful construction, because it was formed taking into account the totality of the binding circumstances of its time, on the principles of equality and voluntary self-determination. It has been proven that the absence of the right to secede from parts of a single state does not provide any guarantees against the collapse of this state, an example of which is the European monarchies that ended their journey at the beginning of the 20th century, as well as the events in the USSR and around the Chechen Republic. The fundamental difference between constitutional multinational formations, one of which was the Soviet Union, and formations built on a contractual basis following the example of the Gorbachev SSG, the Belovezhskaya agreement on the creation of the CIS and the Union State of Russia and Belarus, is revealed.

A Comparative Analysis of the Physical Modelling of Two Methods of Balls Separation

The article presents the results of model tests with which a comparative analysis of two methods of ball separation during the skew rolling process was carried out. A verification of the results obtained in the physical modelling process with the results obtained in the real process of skew ball rolling was also carried out. During the physical modelling, the effect of changing the ball separation method on the quality of the products obtained, variations in maximum torque values and maximum radial forces were analyzed. In the case of real tests, the results were verified with the results of physical modelling, in which the surface quality and torque values for one of the tool sets were compared. Physical modelling was used to verify the differences between the two methods of ball separation. Commercial plasticine based on synthetic wax from the manufacturer PRIMO was used as a model material for physical analysis. The plasticine used for testing was cooled to 0 °C and the cooling process took 24 h. The tools used for the physical modelling were 3D printed and the material used was ABS. The method of physical modelling using plasticine as a model material allows for a correct analysis of hot metal forming processes.

Development of the computer model of the plasma installation

Mathematical model of a plasma installation for the production of metal powder and coating has been developed. The problem of creating an objective mathematical model of the plasma jet flow is solved, which adequately describes the real process and allows predicting the parameters of the plasma jet. The value of the temperature of the plasma jet at a characteristic point located on its axis is investigated. The computer model was verified by carrying out a full-scale experiment. Comparative analysis of the results of numerical and field experiments showed satisfactory convergence. It is shown that the temperature of the plasma jet flow obeys the normal Gaussian distribution. The research results can be used to improve processes and technological equipment.

Concept of universality within the framework of the second order cybernetics

Ideological essence of the second-order cybernetics is generally understood as a “view from within”. This requires certain conceptual revision of most fundamental notions. Particularly, an interpretation of a ‘universal law’ is subject to such a revision. Formally speaking, any universal law may be coded in the form АхР(х), where Ax is the universal quantifier. However, its meaning changes significantly, for it could be shown that it must be treated probabilistically. The reason for this is in that the standard phrase ‘for any x’, which discloses the meaning of the formula Ax, must be seen here as an arbitrariness of choice, while ‘the choice arbitrariness’ must be seen as a constructive procedure within the second-order cybernetics. Otherwise, basic presumption of the second-order cybernetics will not hold. Indeed, classical science assumes that when one says ‘Let us pick up an arbitrary x from the model M’ then the very procedure of ‘picking up an arbitrary x’ is not assumed to be a part of model M. Classical scientists think of this act as of some agent’s act who is completely external to model M. Second order scientists take it differently. All agent’s acts — observations, measurements, picks, experiment organizations, etc — must be seen as a part of an appropriate model. This is the core of the ‘view from within’: theoretical agents, their acts as well as their theories must be considered as internal events, or properties, of the intended models. Going back to formula Ax, it is easier to see now that an intention ‘to pick up an arbitrary x’ must be treated as a real process within an appropriate model M. The only way to do it is to assume that such models have (truly) random events generators G as a necessary part of their structure. All above implies that an interpretation of AxP(x) within the framework of the second-order cybernetics must be the following: P(x) is universally true on M iff there exists G in M such that at any time t G may randomly choose any element from M with probability р(х)≠0, and P(x) will appear to be true. As a result of this, we may claim that the very idea of justifiable universality is inconsistent with deterministic ontologies (in the second-order science framework). Indeed, deterministic ontologies do not assume that at any time t it is possible to pick up an arbitrary x from the model M, for, by definition, they are limited only to certain choices through time, which are pre-determined by deterministic schedule of choices.

Experience in Teaching Ophthalmoscopy on the Ophthalmosim Simulator

It is possible to increase the effectiveness of teaching ophthalmoscopy using simulators. The experience of using ophthalmoscopy on the Ophthalmosim simulator allows you to make training close to the real process of ophthalmoscopic examination. At the same time, the possibilities of assessing the level of preparedness of a doctor for ophthalmoscopy, including in pediatric practice, have been implemented.