Effects of the site and extent of plantar cutaneous stimulation on dynamic balance and muscle activity while walking

The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of teeth clenching on dynamic balance at jump landing. Twenty-five healthy subjects performed jump-landing tasks with or without teeth clenching. The first 3 trials were performed with no instruction; subsequently, subjects were ordered to clench at the time of landing in the following 3 trials. We collected the data of masseter muscle activity by electromyogram, the maximum vertical ground reaction force (vGRFmax) and center of pressure (CoP) parameters by force plate during jump-landing. According to the clenching status of control jump-landing, all participants were categorized into a spontaneous clenching group and no clenching group, and the CoP data were compared. The masseter muscle activity was correlated with vGRFmax during anterior jump-landing, while it was not correlated with CoP. In comparisons between the spontaneous clenching and the no clenching group during anterior jump-landing, the spontaneous clenching group showed harder landing and the CoP area became larger than the no clenching group. There were no significant differences between pre- and postintervention in both spontaneous clenching and no clenching groups. The effect of teeth clenching on dynamic balance during jump-landing was limited.

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Torso and Hip Muscle Activity and Resulting Spine Load and Stability while Using the ProFitter 3-D Cross Trainer

Journal of Applied Biomechanics ◽

10.1123/jab.25.1.73 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 73-84 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Priyanka Banerjee ◽

Stephen H.M Brown ◽

Samuel J. Howarth ◽

Stuart M. McGill

Keyword(s):

Muscle Activity ◽

Muscle Activation ◽

Clinical Decision Making ◽

Dynamic Balance ◽

Gluteus Medius ◽

Clinical Decision ◽

Whole Body ◽

Motor Patterns ◽

Hip Muscle ◽

Spine Mechanics

The ProFitter 3-D Cross Trainer is a labile surface device used in the clinic and claimed to train spine stability. The purpose of this study was to quantify the spine mechanics (compression and shear forces and stability), together with muscle activation mechanics (surface electromyography) of the torso and hip, during three ProFitter exercises. Trunk muscle activity was relatively low while exercising on the device (<25%MVC). Gluteus medius activity was phasic with the horizontal sliding position, especially for an experienced participant. Sufficient spinal stability was achieved in all three exercise conditions. Peak spinal compression values were below 3400 N (maximum 3188 N) and peak shear values were correspondingly low (under 500 N). The exercises challenge whole-body dynamic balance while producing very conservative spine loads. The motion simultaneously integrates hip and torso muscles in a way that appears to ensure stabilizing motor patterns in the spine. This information will assist with clinical decision making about the utility of the device and exercise technique in rehabilitation and training programs.

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Comparison of lower limb muscle activity during the dynamic balance test between baseball pitchers and healthy young adults

Isokinetics and Exercise Science ◽

10.3233/ies-203163 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Jeongwoo Jeon ◽

Jiyeon Lee ◽

Jiheon Hong ◽

Jaeho Yu ◽

Jinseop Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Muscle Activity ◽

Vastus Lateralis ◽

Dynamic Balance ◽

Neuromuscular Control ◽

Surface Emg ◽

Knee Extensors ◽

Balance Test ◽

Lower Extremity Muscle ◽

Baseball Pitchers

BACKGROUND: Dynamic balance is an essential factor for efficient pitching by baseball pitchers. OBJECTIVE: To compare distances reached and lower-extremity muscle activity during the star excursion balance test (SEBT) in baseball pitchers and healthy young adults. METHODS: Nineteen baseball pitchers (BPG) and 20 healthy adults (HAG) were recruited. Surface EMG was used to measure the activity of vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), tibialis anterior, and lateral gastrocnemius. RESULTS: The BPG exhibited greater dynamic balance than in the HAG (p< 0.05) in the posteromedial (PM) and posterolateral (PL) directions. For the PM and PL directions, significantly greater muscle activity of VM and VL was found in the BPG than in the HAG (p< 0.05). CONCLUSION: SEBT performance is characterized by high-level VM and VL muscle activities. Neuromuscular control of knee extensors, such as the VM and VL of pitchers, might affect the dynamic balance measured by the SEBT.

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Cutaneous stimulation from patella tape causes a differential increase in vasti muscle activity in people with patellofemoral pain

Journal of Orthopaedic Research® ◽

10.1016/j.orthres.2004.07.006 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 351-358 ◽

Cited By ~ 74

Author(s):

Kerren MacGregor ◽

Sharon Gerlach ◽

Rebecca Mellor ◽

Paul W. Hodges

Keyword(s):

Muscle Activity ◽

Patellofemoral Pain ◽

Cutaneous Stimulation ◽

Differential Increase

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Muscle co-contraction of ankle joint in young adults in functional reach test at different distances

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics ◽

10.37190/abb-01779-2020-01 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Yoshitaka Iwamoto _ ◽

Wataru Kawakami ◽

Fumiya Miyoshi ◽

Ryosuke Takeuchi ◽

Yasutaka Takeuchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Young People ◽

Muscle Contraction ◽

Lower Limb ◽

Muscle Activity ◽

Center Of Pressure ◽

Dynamic Balance ◽

Lower Limb Muscles ◽

Functional Reach ◽

Functional Reach Test

Purpose: It has been reported that young people may be able to modulate simultaneous contraction depending on the task. The functional reach test (FRT) is widely used as a method to assess dynamic balance. Although there are several reports on the center of pressure (COP), there are few reports on muscle activity and no studies focus on muscle co-contraction during FRT at different distances. We aimed to clarify how the differences in reach distance affect the activity of the lower limb muscles by measuring COP and muscle activity during FRT at different distances. Methods: Eighteen healthy young adults performed FRT at different distances (maximum, 75%, and 50%) and measured COP and muscle activity of tibialis anterior (TA) and soleus (SOL). Postural control variables were calculated from the COP, and mean muscle activity and muscle co-contraction index (CI) were calculated from muscle activity. Each variable was compared between the reach distance conditions and the correlation between the variable was examined. Results: Most COP variables were significantly higher as the reach distance increased. A significant increase in muscle activity and CI was similarly observed with increasing distance. There was no consistent correlation between COP variables and CI, but there was a positive correlation between TA muscle activity and CI. Conclusions: The results of the present study showed that the young people used task-specific strategies by modulating lower limb muscle contraction and varying the degree of simultaneous muscle contraction during reaching movements at different distances.

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Acute Effect of Ankle Kinesio™ Taping on Lower-Limb Biomechanics During Single-Legged Drop Landing

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation ◽

10.1123/jsr.2020-0212 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Javad Sarvestan ◽

Alan R. Needle ◽

Peyman Aghaie Ataabadi ◽

Zuzana Kovačíková ◽

Zdeneˇk Svoboda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lower Limb ◽

Muscle Activity ◽

College Athletes ◽

Ankle Instability ◽

Dynamic Balance ◽

Chronic Ankle Instability ◽

Medial Gastrocnemius ◽

Ground Contact ◽

Lateral Gastrocnemius ◽

Peroneus Longus

Context: Chronic ankle instability is documented to be followed by a recurrence of giving away episodes due to impairments in mechanical support. The application of ankle Kinesiotaping (KT) as a therapeutic intervention has been increasingly raised among athletes and physiotherapists. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the impacts of ankle KT on the lower-limb kinematics, kinetics, dynamic balance, and muscle activity of college athletes with chronic ankle instability. Design: A crossover study design. Participants: Twenty-eight college athletes with chronic ankle sprain (11 females and 17 males, 23.46 [2.65] y, 175.36 [11.49] cm, 70.12 [14.11] kg) participated in this study. Setting: The participants executed 3 single-leg drop landings under nontaped and ankle Kinesio-taped conditions. Ankle, knee, and hip kinematics, kinetics, and dynamic balance status and the lateral gastrocnemius, medial gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior, and peroneus longus muscle activity were recorded and analyzed. Results: The application of ankle KT decreased ankle joint range of motion (P = .039) and angular velocities (P = .044) in the sagittal plane, ground reaction force rate of loading (P = .019), and mediolateral time to stability (P = .035). The lateral gastrocnemius (0.002) and peroneus longus (0.046) activity amplitudes also experienced a significant decrease after initial ground contact when the participants’ ankles were taped, while the application of ankle KT resulted in an increase in the peroneus longus (0.014) activity amplitudes before initial ground contact. Conclusions: Ankle lateral supports provided by KT potentially decreases mechanical stresses applied to the lower limbs, aids in dynamic balance, and lowers calf muscle energy consumption; therefore, it could be offered as a suitable supportive means for acute usage in athletes with chronic ankle instability.

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Development of Ankle Foot Orthosis with Movable Assistance : Examination on Dynamic Balance and a Prolonged Walk from the Viewpoint of Muscle Activity

The proceedings of the JSME annual meeting ◽

10.1299/jsmemecjo.2004.4.0_213 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 2004.4 (0) ◽

pp. 213-214 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tadaaki IKEHARA ◽

Naoki Fukaya ◽

Satomitsu Imai ◽

Eiichirou Tanaka

Keyword(s):

Muscle Activity ◽

Dynamic Balance ◽

Ankle Foot Orthosis ◽

Foot Orthosis

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Age-Related Locomotion Characteristics in Association with Balance Function in Young, Middle-Aged, and Older Adults

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity ◽

10.1123/japa.2015-0325 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 247-253 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hwang-Jae Lee ◽

Won Hyuk Chang ◽

Sun Hee Hwang ◽

Byung-Ok Choi ◽

Gyu-Ha Ryu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Muscle Activity ◽

Muscle Activation ◽

Dynamic Balance ◽

Berg Balance Scale ◽

Extensor Muscle ◽

Balance Function ◽

3D Motion Analysis ◽

Age Related ◽

Back Extensor

The purpose of this study was to examine age-related gait characteristics and their associations with balance function in older adults. A total of 51 adult volunteers participated. All subjects underwent locomotion analysis using a 3D motion analysis and 12-channel dynamic electromyography system. Dynamic balance function was assessed by the Berg Balance Scale. Older adults showed a higher level of muscle activation than young adults, and there were significant positive correlations between increased age and activation of the trunk and thigh muscles in the stance and swing phase of the gait cycle. In particular, back extensor muscle activity was mostly correlated with the dynamic balance in older adults. Thus, back extensor muscle activity in walking may provide a clue for higher falling risk in older adults. This study demonstrates that the back extensor muscles play very important roles with potential for rehabilitation training to improve balance and gait in older adults.

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