Strontium in barium sulphate as a discriminating factor in the forensic analysis of tool paint by SEM/EDS

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 1528-1529

Author(s):

Edward G. Bartick ◽

John A. Reffner

Keyword(s):

Specular Reflection ◽

Forensic Analysis ◽

Attenuated Total Reflection ◽

Internal Reflection ◽

Standard Size ◽

Ir Microscopy ◽

Ir Analysis ◽

Plastic Explosives ◽

Internal Reflection Spectroscopy ◽

Reflectance Measurements

Since the introduction of commercial Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microscopic systems in 1983, IR microscopy has developed as an important analytical tool in research, industry and forensic analysis. Because of the frequent encounter of small quantities of physical evidence found at crime scenes, spectroscopic IR microscopes have proven particularly valuable for forensic applications. Transmittance and reflectance measurements have proven very useful. Reflection-absorption, specular reflection, and diffuse reflection have all been applied. However, it has been only very recently that an internal reflection (IRS) objective has been commercially introduced.The IRS method, also known as attenuated total reflection (ATR), has proven very useful for IR analysis of standard size samples. The method has been applied to adhesive tapes, plastic explosives, and general applications in the analysis of opaque materials found as evidence. The small quantities or uncontaminated areas of specimens frequently found requiring forensic analysis will often be directly applicable to microscopic IRS analysis.

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Scanning Electron Microscopic and Electrophoretic Observations on Barium Sulphate Used to Adsorb Clotting Factors

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1647879 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 33 (02) ◽

pp. 256-270

Author(s):

R. M Howell ◽

S. L. M Deacon

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Factor Xa ◽

Barium Sulphate ◽

High Density ◽

Low Density ◽

Factor X ◽

Clotting Factors ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Complementary Techniques ◽

Scanning Electron

SummaryElectron microscopy and particle electrophoresis were found to be complementary techniques with which to complete the physical data from an earlier study on barium sulphates used to adsorb clotting factors from serum. The differences revealed by scanning electron microscopy (S. E. M.) in the physical shape of low and high density grades of barium sulphate particles appear to be of greater significance than charge as expressed by electrophoretic mobility, in determining whether or not precursor or preformed factor Xa is eluted.This conclusion was based on the finding that at pH values close to 7, where the adsorption from serum occurs, all samples with the exception of natural barytes were uncharged. However as the high-density, or soil-grade, was found by S. E. M. to consist of large solid crystals it was suggested that this shape might induce activation of factor X as a result of partial denaturation and consequent unfolding of the adsorbed protein. In contrast, uptake of protein into the centre of the porous aggregates revealed by S. E. M. pictures of low-density or X-ray grade barium sulphate may afford protection against denaturation and exposure of the enzyme site.The porous nature of particles of low-density barium sulphate compared with the solid crystalline forms of other grades accounts not only for its lower bulk density but also for its greater surface/gram ratio which is reflected by an ability to adsorb more protein from serum.Neither technique produced evidence from any of the samples to indicate the presence of stabilising agents sometimes used to coat particles in barium meals.

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Forensic Analysis of Artifacts of Giant Instant Messaging “WhatsApp” in Android Smartphone

Journal of Applied Information, Communication and Technology ◽

10.33555/ejaict.v5i2.55 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 73-83

Author(s):

Hussein Abed Ghannam

Keyword(s):

Instant Messaging ◽

Smart Phone ◽

Forensic Analysis ◽

Digital Evidence ◽

Terror Attack ◽

Left Behind ◽

Digital Crime ◽

Internal Storage ◽

Network Forensic ◽

Electronic Crime

WhatsApp is a giant mobile instant message IM application with over 1billion users. The huge usage of IM like WhatsApp through giant smart phone “Android” makes the digital forensic researchers to study deeply. The artefacts left behind in the smartphone play very important role in any electronic crime, or any terror attack. “WhatsApp” as a biggest IM in the globe is considered to be very important resource for information gathering about any digital crime. Recently, end-to-end encryption and many other important features were added and no device forensic analysis or network forensic analysis studies have been performed to the time of writing this paper. This paper explains how can we able to extract the Crypt Key of “WhatsApp” to decrypt the databases and extract precious artefacts resides in the android system without rooting the device. Artefacts that extracted from the last version of WhatsApp have been analysed and correlate to give new valuable evidentiary traces that help in investigating. Many hardware and software tools for mobile and forensics are used to collect as much digital evidence as possible from persistent storage on android device. Some of these tools are commercial like UFED Cellebrite and Andriller, and other are open source tools such as autopsy, adb, WhatCrypt. All of these tools that forensically sound accompanied this research to discover a lot of artefacts resides in android internal storage in WhatsApp application.

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