Discriminant analysis of volatile organic compounds of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae and Fusarium proliferatum isolates from onions as indicators of fungal growth

2018 ◽  
Vol 122 (10) ◽  
pp. 1013-1022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aimei Wang ◽  
Minna Haapalainen ◽  
Satu Latvala ◽  
Merete Edelenbos ◽  
Anders Johansen
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Fusarium Proliferatum ◽  
Volatile Organic

scholarly journals Trichoderma asperellum T76-14 Released Volatile Organic Compounds against Postharvest Fruit Rot in Muskmelons (Cucumis melo) Caused by Fusarium incarnatum

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Warin Intana ◽  
Suchawadee Kheawleng ◽  
Anurag Sunpapao
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Postharvest Disease ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Trichoderma Asperellum ◽  
Volatile Organic

Postharvest fruit rot caused by Fusarium incarnatum is a destructive postharvest disease of muskmelon (Cucumis melo). Biocontrol by antagonistic microorganisms is considered an alternative to synthetic fungicide application. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of action involved in the biocontrol of postharvest fruit rot in muskmelons by Trichoderma species. Seven Trichoderma spp. isolates were selected for in vitro testing against F. incarnatum in potato dextrose agar (PDA) by dual culture assay. In other relevant works, Trichoderma asperellum T76-14 showed a significantly higher percentage of inhibition (81%) than other isolates. Through the sealed plate method, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from T. asperellum T76-14 proved effective at inhibiting the fungal growth of F. incarnatum by 62.5%. Solid-phase microextraction GC/MS analysis revealed several VOCs emitted from T. asperellum T76-14, whereas the dominant compound was tentatively identified as phenylethyl alcohol (PEA). We have tested commercial volatile (PEA) against in vitro growth of F. incarnatum; the result showed PEA at a concentration of 1.5 mg mL−1 suppressed fungal growth with 56% inhibition. Both VOCs and PEA caused abnormal changes in the fungal mycelia. In vivo testing showed that the lesion size of muskmelons exposed to VOCs from T. asperellum T76-14 was significantly smaller than that of the control. Muskmelons exposed to VOCs from T. asperellum T76-14 showed no fruit rot after incubation at seven days compared to fruit rot in the control. This study demonstrated the ability of T. asperellum T76-14 to produce volatile antifungal compounds, showing that it can be a major mechanism involved in and responsible for the successful inhibition of F. incarnatum and control of postharvest fruit rot in muskmelons.

scholarly journals Effect of volatile organic compounds mediated fungal growth inhibition by Trichoderma asperellum HbGT6-07

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Kamaruzzaman ◽  
Md. Samiul Islam ◽  
Shakil Ahmed Polash ◽  
Razia Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Trichoderma Asperellum ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Fungal Growth Inhibition

Abstract The species of Trichoderma are one of the most frequently used natural biocontrol agents to mitigate plant diseases and improve crop yields. In this study, sixteen Trichoderma spp. were isolated from soil of different regions of China. However, we identified Trichoderma. asperellum HbGT6-07 by initial fungal growth inhibition assay and molecular approach and also evaluated the antimicrobial effects. Tested 10% concentrated culture filtrate of T. asperellum HbGT6-07 inhibited 93 % of colony radial growth in Botrytis cinerea (B05.10) as well as 91 % of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (A367). VOCs emitted from HbGT6-07 have antimicrobial properties against Botrytis cinerea (B05.10) and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (A367). In in-vitro DwD method, The T. asperellum HbGT6-07 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) effectively reduced colonial diameter, mycelial growth rate and sclerotia production by two virulent fungal pathogens. The GC-MS analysis identified thirty-two VOCs derived from HbGT6-07 isolates. Moreover, the hyphal fragments of the T. asperellum HbGT6-07 demonstrated successful mycelia growth suppression of two virulent fungal agents by competing toward the invasion on oilseed rape leaves. The above findings indicated that T. asperellum HbGT6-07 could attain competitive progress via volatile antifungal compound production and comprehensive mycelial growth. This study provided an outlook of using T. asperellum HbGT6-07 to control virulent pathogens of B. cinerea and S. sclerotiorum.

scholarly journals Identification of Volatile Organic Compounds in Extremophilic Bacteria and Their Effective Use in Biocontrol of Postharvest Fungal Phytopathogens

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Toral ◽  
Miguel Rodríguez ◽  
Fernando Martínez-Checa ◽  
Alfredo Montaño ◽  
Amparo Cortés-Delgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Postharvest Diseases ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy Micrographs ◽  
Volatile Organic

Phytopathogenic fungal growth in postharvest fruits and vegetables is responsible for 20–25% of production losses. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been gaining importance in the food industry as a safe and ecofriendly alternative to pesticides for combating these phytopathogenic fungi. In this study, we analysed the ability of some VOCs produced by strains of the genera Bacillus, Peribacillus, Pseudomonas, Psychrobacillus and Staphylococcus to inhibit the growth of Alternaria alternata, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, Monilinia fructicola, Monilinia laxa and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, in vitro and in vivo. We analysed bacterial VOCs by using GC/MS and 87 volatile compounds were identified, in particular acetoin, acetic acid, 2,3-butanediol, isopentanol, dimethyl disulphide and isopentyl isobutanoate. In vitro growth inhibition assays and in vivo experiments using cherry fruits showed that the best producers of VOCs, Bacillus atrophaeus L193, Bacillus velezensis XT1 and Psychrobacillus vulpis Z8, exhibited the highest antifungal activity against B. cinerea, M. fructicola and M. laxa, which highlights the potential of these strains to control postharvest diseases. Transmission electron microscopy micrographs of bacterial VOC-treated fungi clearly showed antifungal activity which led to an intense degeneration of cellular components of mycelium and cell death.

scholarly journals Antifungal Effect of Volatile Organic Compounds from Bacillus velezensis CT32 against Verticillium dahliae and Fusarium oxysporum

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1674
Author(s):  
Xinxin Li ◽  
Xiuhong Wang ◽  
Xiangyuan Shi ◽  
Baoping Wang ◽  
Meiping Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Verticillium Dahliae ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Vascular Wilt ◽  
Bacillus Velezensis ◽  
Volatile Organic

The present study focuses on the inhibitory effect of volatile metabolites released by Bacillus velezensis CT32 on Verticillium dahliae and Fusarium oxysporum, the causal agents of strawberry vascular wilt. The CT32 strain was isolated from maize straw compost tea and identified as B. velezensis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Bioassays conducted in sealed plates revealed that the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by the strain CT32 possessed broad-spectrum antifungal activity against eight phytopathogenic fungi. The volatile profile of strain CT32 was obtained by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 30 volatile compounds were identified, six of which have not previously been detected in bacteria or fungi: (Z)-5-undecene, decyl formate, 2,4-dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol, dodecanenitrile, 2-methylpentadecane and 2,2’,5,5’-tetramethyl-1,1’-biphenyl. Pure compounds were tested in vitro for their inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth of V. dahliae and F. oxysporum. Decanal, benzothiazole, 3-undecanone, 2-undecanone, 2-undecanol, undecanal and 2,4-dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol showed high antifungal activity, with benzothiazole and 2,4-dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol being the most potent compounds. These results indicate that the VOCs produced by B. velezensis CT32 have the potential to be used as a biofumigant for management of vascular wilt pathogens.

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