scholarly journals Research on the implementation of West Africa-North Africa grid interconnection using new electricity-water composite transmission technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 485-492
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Jinyu Xiao ◽  
Zhou Zhou ◽  
Yun Zhao ◽  
Haibin Wan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Grid Interconnection

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Sharpe
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Great Lakes ◽  
East Africa ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Horn Of Africa ◽  
Refugee Protection

This introductory chapter begins by presenting the book’s structure in section A. Section B then delineates the book’s contours, outlining four aspects of refugee protection in Africa that are not addressed. Section C provides context, with a contemporary overview of the state of refugee protection in Africa. It also looks at the major aspects of the refugee situations in each of Africa’s principal geographic sub-regions: East Africa (including the Horn of Africa), Central Africa and the Great Lakes, West Africa, Southern Africa, and North Africa. Section D then concludes with an outline of the theoretical approach to regime relationships employed throughout the book.

Molecular investigation of the Pfmdr1 gene of Plasmodium falciparum isolates in Henan Province imported from Africa

Parasitology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengyun Yang ◽  
Ruimin Zhou ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Suhua Li ◽  
Dan Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
West Africa ◽  
East Africa ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Henan Province ◽  
Pfmdr1 Gene ◽  
Antimalarial Resistance ◽  
African Migrant

AbstractEfficacious antimalarial drugs are important for malaria control and elimination, and continuous monitoring of their efficacy is essential. The prevalence and distribution of Pfmdr1 were evaluated in African migrant workers in Henan Province. Among 632 isolates, 13 haplotypes were identified, NYSND (39.87%, 252/632), YYSND (2.85%, 18/632), NFSND (31.01%, 196/632), NYSNY (0.47%, 3/632), YFSND (13.77%, 87/632), NFSNY (0.32%, 2/632), YYSNY (2.06%, 13/632), YFSNY (0.16%, 1/632), N/Y YSND (1.90%, 12/632), N Y/F SND (6.17%, 39/632), N/Y Y/F SND (0.47%, 3/632), YYSN D/Y (0.16%, 1/632) and N/Y FSND (0.79%, 5/632). The highest frequency of NYSND was observed in individuals from North Africa (63.64%, 7/11), followed by South Africa (61.33%, 111/181), Central Africa (33.33%, 56/168), West Africa (28.94%, 68/235) and East Africa (27.03%, 10/37) (χ2 = 54.605, P < 0.05). The highest frequency of NFSND was observed in East Africa (48.65%, 18/37), followed by West Africa (39.14%, 92/235), Central Africa (26.79%, 45/168), South Africa (22.65%, 41/181) and North Africa (9.09%, 1/11) (χ2 = 22.368 P < 0.05). The mutant prevalence of codons 86 and 184 decreased. These data may provide complementary information on antimalarial resistance that may be utilized in the development of a treatment regimen for Henan Province.

scholarly journals Regional African stock markets indices

2002 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
T. Fish ◽  
N. Biekpe
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
East Africa ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Stock Markets ◽  
African Continent ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Market Trends ◽  
Market Capitalisation

This paper presents an overview of the construction of regional indices for three of the four regions within Africa. The three indices are the EASDEX (for East Africa), the NADEX (for North Africa) and the WADEX (for West Africa). The SADC region has been excluded, as it has recently been concluded as the subject of study, in which the index, the SADIX was constructed (Tyandela, 2001). The weekly market capitalisation data collected for the construction of these indices was further used to construct an All-Africa index. These indices could in future assist investors both locally and internationally to determine the movement of indices as a way of assessing market trends and opportunities for investment on the African continent.

scholarly journals NEWS AND VIEWS

Blood ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 682-682
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
North Africa

Abstract BLOOD 12: 91 (January), 1957. Dr. H. Lehmann writes that his statement (line 22 from the bottom) that hemoglobin J had been found in Algiers was incorrect. The hemoglobin J sample shown by Dr. Cabannes was a control sent him by Dr. Huisman, and so far hemoglobin J has not yet been found in North Africa, although it has of course been seen in West Africa (Liberia I).

Peace and palaver: international relations in pre-colonial West Africa

1973 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Smith
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
International Relations ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
West African ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
Facilitated Communication ◽  
European Languages ◽  
European Diplomacy

International relations in pre-colonial West Africa were conducted in accordance with customary law, which exhibited broadly similar characteristics over a wide area. Trade and politics, linking the coast, the forest and the savannah, led to the development of diplomacy in the more centrally-organized states. Inter-African embassies enjoyed a degree of prestige and immunity comparable to that which protected European diplomacy, and a widely accepted protocol regulated negotiations. Treaties were concluded solemnly and sanctions were provided for their observance. Embassies were also sent to Europe and adjacent European possessions and settlements, North Africa and the Near East, and were generally received on a proper footing.The indigenous system of international relations was affected by two major external influences. The first, that of Islam, notably contributed literacy, and led in the Islamized states and in Ashanti to the evolution of chanceries. It also introduced the distinction in international law and practice between Muslims and non-Muslims. The Muslim states exchanged embassies, Bornu, for example, maintaining intermittent relations with North Africa and Istanbul for three centuries. The second influence, that of Western Europe, spread the knowledge of European languages which, like Arabic, facilitated communication between West Africans themselves as well as with outsiders. The development of the resident embassy in sixteenth-century Europe was apparently not reflected in West Africa until the nineteenth century, but approximations to the system of continuous diplomacy did arise, probably independently. Diplomatic relations with both Muslims and Europeans tended to increase the influence in West African politics and society of the literate élite.The indigenous system of international relations in West Africa was flexible and effective, and it seems that it was not so much diplomatic as military incapacity which allowed the Muslims to overthrow governments there and the Europeans to partition the region.

scholarly journals - Architecture of the Islamic West North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula, 700-1800 - Architecture in Global Socialism Eastern Europe, West Africa, and The Middle East in the Cold War - Architecture of Coexistence Building Pluralism

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tammy Gaber
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Middle East ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
North Africa ◽  
The Cold War

Architecture of the Islamic West North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula, 700-1800 (by Jonathan M. Bloom) Architecture in Global Socialism Eastern Europe, West Africa, and The Middle East in the Cold War (by Łukasz Stanek) Architecture of Coexistence Building Pluralism (by Azra Akšamija, ed.)

A transshipment model for logistics management at Indian Oil Corporation

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 1087-1102
Author(s):  
Badri Toppur ◽  
Atanu Sanyal
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Supply Chain Coordination ◽  
The State ◽  
Logistics Management ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Improve Supply Chain

Three refineries of the Indian Oil Corporation procure crude oil from suppliers, at production sites in the Persian Gulf, West Africa, North Africa, West Asia, and India. The crude oil is shipped to two ports in the state of Gujarat, India, by large tankers and medium sized vessels. From these two ports, the crude oil is pumped to the refineries via pipelines. The refineries have known capacity, that are different for the two types of crude oil. In this paper, the scaled-up problem has been modelled, as a transshipment network. Next, the concrete instance of the problem, has been solved using an LP solver. This was followed by post-optimality analysis of the solution. The flow values on all arcs, and optimal product mix, validate actual decisions. Precise shipping requirements obtained from the solution, are shared in advance with marine transporters to improve supply chain coordination.

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