Background:Dementia due to probable Alzheimer’s disease (AD) represents between 60 and 80% of all dementias. The total number of estimated AD cases worldwide by 2030 is 65.7 million and 115.4 million by 2050; this represents a twofold population increase in the next 20 years.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been the primary tool of interest to link hippocampal volume loss with dementia firmly.MRI-based volumetry has been proposed as a promising biomarker.Hippocampal volumetry is useful in discriminating not only cognitively normal individuals from those with dementia but can also differentiate Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) from various types of dementia.Research objective:To measure hippocampal volume in various types of dementia. (MMSE) and Activities of daily living (ADL) in patients with dementia.Method:A cross-sectional study conducted for period of one year among 21 patients with Alzheimer’s, vascular dementia, amnestic mild cognitive impairment and 20 healthy age matched controls. MMSE scale was used to stratify patients on cognitive function impairments. ADL scale to assess functional status of the patient ability to perform activities of daily living independently in diverse settings. Hippocampal volume measured using MRI 1.5 T Philips Ingenia, a coronal T1-weighted FFE (Fast Field Echo) 3D sequence.Results:Total Hippocampal volume was reduced by 35% in Alzheimer’s disease, 27% in vascular dementia and 10% in amnestic mild cognitive impairment, compared with control groupConclusions:Moderate positive correlation between mean total hippocampal volume and MMSE scores in patients with dementia which was statistically significant. (P value= 0.001).
Executive function and instrumental activities of daily living in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease
