Impact of aphid alarm pheromone release on virus transmission efficiency: When pest control strategy could induce higher virus dispersion

2016 ◽  
Vol 235 ◽  
pp. 34-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang-Jing Lin ◽  
Emilie Bosquée ◽  
Ying-Jie Liu ◽  
Ju-Lian Chen ◽  
Liu Yong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pest Control ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Alarm Pheromone ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Pheromone Release ◽  
Aphid Alarm Pheromone

COMPOUNDS DERIVED FROM THE APHID ALARM PHEROMONE OF POTENTIAL USE IN CONTROLLING COLONISATION AND VIRUS TRANSMISSION BY APHIDS

1983 ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey G. Briggs ◽  
Glenn W. Dawson ◽  
Richard W. Gibson ◽  
David C. Griffiths ◽  
John A. Pickett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alarm Pheromone ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Aphid Alarm Pheromone

Production of alarm pheromone starts at embryo stage and is modulated by rearing conditions and farnesyl diphosphate synthase genes in the bird cherry-oat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (6) ◽  
pp. 821-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.-X. Sun ◽  
Z.-X. Li
Keyword(s):  
Alarm Pheromone ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Farnesyl Diphosphate ◽  
Farnesyl Diphosphate Synthase ◽  
Nymphal Stage ◽  
Rearing Conditions ◽  
Old Adult ◽  
Embryo Stage ◽  
Aphid Alarm Pheromone

AbstractThe major component of aphid alarm pheromone is (E)-β-farnesene (EβF), but the molecular mechanisms of EβF synthesis are poorly understood. Here we established a biological model to study the modulation of EβF synthesis in the bird cherry-oat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi by using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and RNA interference. Our results showed that the rearing conditions significantly affected the weight of adult and modulated EβF synthesis in a transgenerational manner. Specifically, the quantity of EβF per milligram of aphid was significantly reduced in the individually reared adult or 1st-instar nymphs derived from 1-day-old adult reared individually, but EβF in the nymph derived from 2-day-old adult that experienced collective conditions returned to normal. Further study revealed that the production of EβF started in embryo and was extended to early nymphal stage, which was modulated by farnesyl diphosphate synthase genes (RpFPPS1 and RpFPPS2) and rearing conditions. Knockdown of RpFPPS1 and RpFPPS2 confirmed the role played by FPPS in the biosynthesis of aphid alarm pheromone. Our results suggested that the production of EβF starts at the embryo stage and is modulated by FPPS and rearing conditions in R. padi, which sheds lights on the modulatory mechanisms of EβF in the aphid.

Integrated control strategy of tractor hydromechanical continuously variable transmission

2020 ◽  
pp. 095440702095114
Author(s):  
Guang Xia ◽  
Huayu Zong ◽  
Xiwen Tang ◽  
Linfeng Zhao ◽  
Baoqun Sun
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategy ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Speed Regulation ◽  
Continuous Variable Transmission ◽  
Variable Transmission ◽  
Working Resistance ◽  
Transmission Speed

Given the transmission efficiency fluctuation and response lag problem of hydromechanical continuous variable transmission combined with the complex and variable working environment of a tractor, an integrated control strategy of engine throttle compensation–hydromechanical continuous variable transmission speed regulation is adopted for dual-flow transmission control. On the basis of the estimation of working resistance, a fuzzy algorithm is used to design the throttle compensation law. Considering the maximum driving power of a tractor as the target of variable speed control, an hydromechanical continuous variable transmission efficiency model is established, and the control law of an hydromechanical continuous variable transmission displacement ratio with the maximum driving power of the tractor under any working condition is determined. On the basis of the wavelet neural network proportional–integral–derivative algorithm, the control law of the hydromechanical continuous variable transmission speed regulation is designed, and the parameters of proportional–integral–derivative control are corrected in real time during the control process. Based on MATLAB/Simulink modelling and simulation and the real vehicle verification test, results showed that the influence of hydromechanical continuous variable transmission efficiency fluctuation on the driving power of the entire vehicle, the response lag of the pump-controlled motor system, and the effect of the leakage on the variable speed control and the fluctuation of the working resistance are solved by studying the hydromechanical continuous variable transmission variable speed transmission control strategy. This strategy improves the stability of the tractor speed and ensured the quality of the work, thereby improving the ability of the tractor to adapt to complex working environments.

scholarly journals Aphid alarm pheromone produced by transgenic plants affects aphid and parasitoid behavior

2006 ◽  
Vol 103 (27) ◽  
pp. 10509-10513 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Beale ◽  
M. A. Birkett ◽  
T. J. A. Bruce ◽  
K. Chamberlain ◽  
L. M. Field ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Alarm Pheromone ◽  
Parasitoid Behavior ◽  
Aphid Alarm Pheromone

scholarly journals Resistance to Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus in Melon Accession TGR-1551

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (10) ◽  
pp. 1389-1396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona A. Kassem ◽  
Blanca Gosalvez ◽  
Elisa Garzo ◽  
Alberto Fereres ◽  
Maria Luisa Gómez-Guillamón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Aphid Transmission ◽  
Similar Rate ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Electrical Penetration Graph ◽  
Sieve Elements ◽  
Melon Accession

The genetic control of resistance to Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (CABYV; genus Polerovirus, family Luteoviridae) in the TGR-1551 melon accession was studied through agroinoculation of a genetic family obtained from the cross between this accession and the susceptible Spanish cultivar ‘Bola de Oro’. Segregation analyses were consistent with the hypothesis that one dominant gene and at least two more modifier genes confer resistance; one of these additional genes is likely present in the susceptible parent ‘Bola de Oro’. Local and systemic accumulation of the virus was analyzed in a time course experiment, showing that TGR-1551 resistance was expressed systemically as a significant reduction of virus accumulation compared with susceptible controls, but not locally in agroinoculated cotyledons. In aphid transmission experiments, CABYV inoculation by aphids was significantly reduced in TGR-1551 plants, although the virus was acquired at a similar rate from TGR-1551 as from susceptible plants. Results of feeding behavior studies using the DC electrical penetration graph technique suggested that viruliferous aphids can salivate and feed from the phloem of TGR-1551 plants and that the observed reduction in virus transmission efficiency is not related to reduced salivation by Aphis gossypii in phloem sieve elements. Since the virus is able to accumulate to normal levels in agroinoculated tissues, our results suggest that resistance of TGR-1551 plants to CABYV is related to impairment of virus movement or translocation after it reaches the phloem sieve elements.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document