scholarly journals Effects of post-WWII forced displacements on long-term landscape dynamics in the Polish Carpathians

2021 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 104164
Author(s):  
Andrzej N. Affek ◽  
Jacek Wolski ◽  
Maria Zachwatowicz ◽  
Krzysztof Ostafin ◽  
Volker C. Radeloff
The Holocene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 095968362199464
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Marcisz ◽  
Krzysztof Buczek ◽  
Mariusz Gałka ◽  
Włodzimierz Margielewski ◽  
Matthieu Mulot ◽  
...  

Landslide mountain fens formed in landslide depressions are dynamic environments as their development is disturbed by a number of factors, for example, landslides, slopewash, and surface run-off. These processes lead to the accumulation of mineral material and wood in peat. Disturbed peatlands are interesting archives of past environmental changes, but they may be challenging for providing biotic proxy-based quantitative reconstructions. Here we investigate long-term changes in testate amoeba communities from two landslide mountain fens – so far an overlooked habitat for testate amoeba investigations. Our results show that abundances of testate amoebae are extremely low in this type of peatlands, therefore not suitable for providing quantitative depth-to-water table reconstructions. However, frequent shifts of dominant testate amoeba species reflect dynamic lithological situation of the studied fens. We observed that high and stable mineral matter input into the peatlands was associated with high abundances of species producing agglutinated (xenosomic) as well as idiosomic shells which prevailed in the testate amoeba communities in both analyzed profiles. This is the first study that explores testate amoebae of landslide mountain fens in such detail, providing novel information about microbial communities of these ecosystems.


Author(s):  
Mark Davis ◽  
Richard Condit

Successful management of savannas is challenging and requires knowledge of the causes and consequences of the spatial arrangement of the trees. In savannas, trees are often aggregated, and the ability of trees within the clumps to survive fires plays a significant role in determining the savannas landscape dynamics. Whether or not a tree survives a fire is often dependent on the nature of their interactions with neighboring trees, positive or negative. In cases where disturbances are episodic, detecting these interactions is only going to be possible through long-term studies. Data reported here, from twenty-five years of annual tree censusing of a large grid-plot in a frequently burned savanna, showed consistent neighbor facilitated survival, irrespective as to whether the neighbors were conspecifics or heterospecifics. The positive interactions likely involve the reduction of both herbaceous and woody fuel in denser sites, and possibly mycorrhizal sharing among nearby trees.


Author(s):  
Bartłomiej Wyżga ◽  
Antoni Amirowicz ◽  
Agnieszka Bednarska ◽  
Aneta Bylak ◽  
Hanna Hajdukiewicz ◽  
...  

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Kaim ◽  
Jacek Kozak ◽  
Krzysztof Ostafin ◽  
Monika Dobosz ◽  
Katarzyna Ostapowicz ◽  
...  

Abstract The paper presents the outcomes of the uncertainty investigation of a long-term forest cover change analysis in the Polish Carpathians (nearly 20,000 km2) and Swiss Alps (nearly 10,000 km2) based on topographic maps. Following Leyk et al. (2005) all possible uncertainties are grouped into three domains - production-oriented, transformation- oriented and application-oriented. We show typical examples for each uncertainty domain, encountered during the forest cover change analysis and discuss consequences for change detection. Finally, a proposal for reliability assessment is presented.


2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-246
Author(s):  
Helena Jiménez‐Vialás ◽  
Ignasi Grau‐Mira
Keyword(s):  

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1871-1884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Kijowska-Strugała ◽  
Anna Bucała-Hrabia ◽  
Piotr Demczuk

Author(s):  
William Romme ◽  
Don Despain

This study is an investigation of long-term patch dynamics in the mosaic of forest communities covering the subalpine plateaus of Yellowstone Park. Our specific objectives are the following: 1. We will map the present forest mosaic of a 600,000-ha area, showing the age (number of years since the last destructive fire) and successional stage of each more-or-less homogeneous patch of forest; 2. Usng this map, we will measure the area of each patch created by past fires, determine the size distribution of patches, and estimate the frequency and predictability of formation of patches of each size; and 3. We will reconstruct the changes during the last 200-300 years in individual forest stands and in the entire landscape mosaic, and use these reconstructions to answer the following questions: a. Has the Yellowstone landscape been characterized by quasi-equilibrium conditions, in which the proportion of the total area covered by early, middle, and late successional stages and the diversity of plant communities represented have remained more-or-less constant, or have these parameters fluctuated greatly in the last 200-300 years? b. If we find that the entire landscape has been in a state of equilibrium (which we may not find), then what is the minimum land area necessary for landscape dynamics to approach this condition, i.e., to what extent could the Park be divided into isolated subunits without these subunits losing the quasi-equilibrium state? c. How have the proportions of forest successional stages varied over time in units of the Park that have special ecological interest, such as elk summer range, grizzly bear habitat, or the watershed of Yellowstone Lake?


Turyzm ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Klimek

The Bieszczady mountains are one of the ranges of the Polish Carpathians. Their natural and cultural amenities attract thousands of Polish and international tourists each year. Despite many protected zones existing in this area (e.g. Bieszczadzki National Park, UNESCO Biosphere Reserve and Nature 2000 areas), the Bieszczady mountains face various environmental and social problems which have arisen from their dynamic but often chaotic tourism development. The lack of a common vision of long-term tourism development (on communal and regional levels) is one of the main challenging issues which public and private bodies are confronted with. The paper presents the results of the implementation of an innovative approach, i.e. the St. Gallen Model for Destination Management (SGDM), in selected Bieszczady communes. This method offers a clear advantage for key destination actors by allowing them to enter a process of holistic destination management. The article is the first attempt at SGDM application in Poland.


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