scholarly journals Noradrenergic, but not cholinergic, deafferentation of prefrontal cortex impairs attentional set-shifting

Neuroscience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 153 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. McGaughy ◽  
R.S. Ross ◽  
H. Eichenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Set Shifting ◽  
Attentional Set ◽  
Attentional Set Shifting

scholarly journals The claustrum-medial prefrontal cortex network controls attentional set-shifting

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon Fodoulian ◽  
Olivier Gschwend ◽  
Chieko Huber ◽  
Sophie Mutel ◽  
Rodrigo F. Salazar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Medial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Pyramidal Cells ◽  
Excitatory Input ◽  
Set Shifting ◽  
Attentional Set ◽  
Attentional Set Shifting ◽  
Reciprocal Connections

SUMMARYIn various mental disorders, dysfunction of the prefrontal cortex contributes to cognitive deficits. Here we studied how the claustrum (CLA), a nucleus sharing reciprocal connections with the cortex, may participate in these cognitive impairments. We show that specific ensembles of CLA and of medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) neurons are activated during a task requiring cognitive control such as attentional set-shifting, i.e. the ability to shift attention towards newly relevant stimulus-reward associations while disengaging from irrelevant ones. CLA neurons exert a direct excitatory input on mPFC pyramidal cells, and chemogenetic inhibition of CLA neurons suppresses the formation of specific mPFC assemblies during attentional set-shifting. Furthermore, impairing the recruitment of specific CLA assemblies through opto/chemogenetic manipulations prevents attentional set-shifting. In conclusion, we propose that the CLA controls the reorganization of mPFC ensembles to enable attentional set-shifting, emphasizing a potential role of the CLA-mPFC network in attentional dysfunctions.

Dissociating executive functions of the prefrontal cortex

1996 ◽  
Vol 351 (1346) ◽  
pp. 1463-1471 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Functional Neuroimaging ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Set Shifting ◽  
Attentional Set ◽  
Attentional Set Shifting ◽  
Psychometric Studies

An analysis is provided of three distinct paradigms that have been used to study executive functions of the prefrontal cortex involving planning, self-ordered memory or attentional set-shifting. Psychological and anatomical dissociations are sought from the perspective of studies of patients with frontal lobe lesions, functional neuroimaging, psychometric studies in normal volunteers and experimental studies in nonhuman primates. Particular attention is paid to attempts to dissociate mnemonic from other executive capacities. Thus, patients with frontal damage are shown to have deficits in their (1) use of strategies to improve performance in a spatial working memory task and (2) capacity to make an extra-dimensional shift due to a high-order failure of inhibition in an attentional set-shifting paradigm. These results are discussed in terms of anatomical and neuropharmacological dissociations of different aspects of executive function within the prefrontal cortex shown in monkeys.

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