scholarly journals Involvement of protein kinase C and protein kinase A in the enhancement of L-type calcium current by GABAB receptor activation in neonatal hippocampus

Neuroscience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 62-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.G. Bray ◽  
M. Mynlieff
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase C ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Protein Kinase A ◽  
Calcium Current ◽  
Gabab Receptor ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Kinase C ◽  
Kinase A

Cross Talk Between A1 and A2A Adenosine Receptors in the Hippocampus and Cortex of Young Adult and Old Rats

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 3196-3203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luísa V. Lopes ◽  
Rodrigo A. Cunha ◽  
J. A. Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase C ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Synaptic Transmission ◽  
Protein Kinase A ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Cgs 21680 ◽  
Kinase C ◽  
Population Spike Amplitude ◽  
Kinase A

Adenosine modulates synaptic transmission by acting on inhibitory A1 and facilitatory A2A receptors, the densities of which are modified in aged animals. We investigated how A2A receptor activation influences A1receptor function and whether this interaction is modified in aged rats. In hippocampal and cortical nerve terminals from young adult (6 wk), but not old rats (24 mo), the A2A receptor agonist, 2-[4-(2-carboxyethyl) phenethylamino]-5′- N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (CGS 21680; 30 nM) decreased the binding affinity of a selective A1 receptor agonist, cyclopentyladenosine (CPA), an effect prevented by the A2A antagonist, (4-(2-[7-amino-2-(2-furyl {1,2,4}-triazolo{2,3-a {1,3,5}triazin-5-yl-aminoethyl)phenol (ZM 241385, 20 nM). This effect of CGS 21680 required intact nerve terminals and was also observed in the absence of Ca2+. This A2A-induced “desensitization” of A1receptors was prevented by the protein kinase C inhibitor, chelerythrine (6 μM), and was not detected in the presence of the protein kinase C activator, phorbol-12,13-didecanoate (250 nM), which itself caused a reduction in binding affinity for CPA. The protein kinase A inhibitor, N-(2-guanidinoethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide (10 μM), and the protein kinase A activator, 8-Br-cAMP (1 mM), had no effects on the A2A-induced A1 receptor desensitization. This A2A-induced A1 receptor desensitization had a functional correlation because CGS 21680 (10 nM) attenuated by 40% the inhibition caused by CPA (10 nM) on CA1 area population spike amplitude in hippocampal slices. This A2A/A1 interaction may explain the attenuation by adenosine deaminase (2 U/ml), which removes tonic A1inhibition, of the facilitatory effect of CGS 21680 on synaptic transmission. The requirement of tonic A1 receptor activation for CGS 21680 to induce facilitation of synaptic transmission was reinforced by the observation that the A1receptor antagonist, 1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine (20 nM) prevented CGS 21680 (10 nM) facilitation of population spike amplitude. The present results show the ability of A2A receptors to control A1 receptor function in a manner mediated by protein kinase C, but not protein kinase A, in young adult but not in aged rats.

Bupivacaine Inhibits Activation of Neuronal Spinal Extracellular Receptor–activated Kinase through Selective Effects on Ionotropic Receptors

2006 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 805-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumi Yanagidate ◽  
Gary R. Strichartz
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase C ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Protein Kinase A ◽  
Dorsal Horn ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Metabotropic Receptors ◽  
Metabotropic Receptor ◽  
Kinase C ◽  
Kinase A

Background Central terminals of primary nociceptors release neurotransmitters glutamate and substance P, which bind to ionotropic or metabotropic receptors on spinal neurons to induce cellular responses. Extracellular signal-regulated kinases are activated by these receptors and are important modulators of pain at the dorsal horn. The authors investigated these pathways as potential targets for antinociceptive actions of local anesthetics. Methods The effects of bupivacaine on the activation of extracellular receptor-activated kinase (phosphorylation to pERK) in rat spinal cord slices, induced by presynaptic release (capsaicin), by presynaptic or postsynaptic ionotropic or metabotropic receptor activation, or by activation of intracellular protein kinase C or protein kinase A and also by a receptor-independent Ca2+ ionophore, were quantitated by immunohistochemistry, counting pERK-positive neurons in the superficial dorsal horn. Results Capsaicin (3 microm, 10 min)-stimulated pERK was reduced by bupivacaine (IC50 approximately 2 mm, approximately 0.05%), which similarly suppressed pERK induced by the ionotropic glutamate receptors for N-methyl-D-aspartate and (S)-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid but not that induced by the metabotropic receptors for glutamate, bradykinin, or substance P. Extracellular receptor-activated kinase activation by the Ca2+ ionophore ionomycin was also sensitive to bupivacaine, but direct activation by protein kinase A or protein kinase C was not. Conclusions Bupivacaine inhibits pERK activation resulting from different modes of Ca2+ influx through the plasma membrane. This represents a postsynaptic mechanism of analgesia that occurs in parallel with impulse inhibition during neuraxial blockade.

Phosphorylation of NADPH oxidase activator 1 (NOXA1) on serine 282 by MAP kinases and on serine 172 by protein kinase C and protein kinase A prevents NOX1 hyperactivation

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 2077-2092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolande Kroviarski ◽  
Maya Debbabi ◽  
Rafik Bachoual ◽  
Axel Pe´rianin ◽  
Marie‐Anne Gougerot‐Pocidalo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase C ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Protein Kinase A ◽  
Map Kinases ◽  
Kinase C ◽  
Kinase A

scholarly journals Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide as a novel hypophysiotropic factor in fish

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson OL Wong ◽  
Wen Sheng Li ◽  
Eric KY Lee ◽  
Mei Yee Leung ◽  
Lai Yin Tse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Protein Kinase C ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Adenylate Cyclase ◽  
Protein Kinase A ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Kinase C ◽  
Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase ◽  
Pacap Receptors ◽  
Kinase A

Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a novel member of the secretin-glucagon peptide family. In mammals, this peptide has been located in a wide range of tissues and is involved in a variety of biological functions. In lower vertebrates, especially fish, increasing evidence suggests that PACAP may function as a hypophysiotropic factor regulating pituitary hormone secretion. PACAP has been identified in the brain-pituitary axis of representative fish species. The molecular structure of fish PACAP is highly homologous to mammalian PACAP. The prepro-PACAP in fish, however, is distinct from that of mammals as it also contains the sequence of fish GHRH. In teleosts, the anterior pituitary is under direct innervation of the hypothalamus and PACAP nerve fibers have been identified in the pars distalis. Using the goldfish as a fish model, mRNA transcripts of PACAP receptors, namely the PAC1 and VPAC1 receptors, have been identified in the pituitary as well as in various brain areas. Consistent with the pituitary expression of PACAP receptors, PACAP analogs are effective in stimulating growth hormone (GH) and gonadotropin (GTH)-II secretion in the goldfish both in vivo and in vitro. The GH-releasing action of PACAP is mediated via pituitary PAC1 receptors coupled to the adenylate cyclase-cAMP-protein kinase A and phospholipase C-IP3-protein kinase C pathways. Subsequent stimulation of Ca2+ entry through voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels followed by activation of Ca2+-calmodulin protein kinase II is likely the downstream mechanism mediating PACAP-stimulated GH release in goldfish. Although the PACAP receptor subtype(s) and the associated post-receptor signaling events responsible for PACAP-stimulated GTH-II release have not been characterized in goldfish, these findings support the hypothesis that PACAP is produced in the hypothalamus and delivered to the anterior pituitary to regulate GH and GTH-II release in fish.Key words: PACAP, VIP, PAC1 receptor, VPAC1 receptor, VPAC2 receptor, growth hormone, gonadotropin-II, cAMP, protein kinase A, protein kinase C, calcium, pituitary cells, goldfish, and teleost.

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