Vibration based pavement roughness monitoring system using vehicle dynamics and smartphone with estimated vehicle parameters

Modern vehicles are equipped with many systems that monitor the security of driving. An example is the tyre pressure monitoring system that shows a fault if the tyre pressure is lowered. Low tyre pressure or no pressure at all (0 kPa) means that continuing driving may lead to a dangerous situation. Prolonged driving of the vehicle at 0 kPa in the tyre ends with tyre burst, rim damage, or even loss of stability. Therefore, on the automotive market, manufacturers offer Run Flat tyres adapted to emergency driving with a pressure of 0 kPa. This article presents the results of an experimental research in the field of vehicle dynamics, continuing driving a vehicle with a loss of tyre pressure. These tests were carried out not only to confirm the data provided by tyre manufacturers and to verify the vehicle's driveability but also to analyse the effectiveness of stopping vehicles equipped with this type of tyres using, for example, police studs, especially when vehicles are used for crimes or terrorist activities.

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Mechanistic Roughness Model Based on Vehicle-Pavement Interaction

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.3141/1699-16 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 1699 (1) ◽

pp. 114-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Mofreh F. Saleh ◽

Michael S. Mamlouk ◽

Emmanuel B. Owusu-Antwi

Keyword(s):

Vehicle Dynamics ◽

Performance Model ◽

Dynamic Force ◽

The Road ◽

Pavement Roughness ◽

Roughness Model ◽

Road Roughness ◽

Dynamic Forces ◽

Force Profile ◽

Level Performance

A mechanistic roughness performance model that takes into account vehicle dynamics was developed for use in flexible pavement design and evaluation. The model was developed in the form of a relation between roughness and number of load repetitions, axle load, and asphalt layer thickness. The model is completely mechanistic and uses vehicle dynamics analysis to estimate the dynamic force profile and finite element structural analysis to estimate the change of pavement surface roughness for each load repetition. The model makes use of the fact that pavement roughness changes the magnitude of the vehicle dynamic forces applied on the pavement and that the dynamic forces change the road roughness. The developed mechanistic roughness performance model can be used to estimate the 80-kN (18-kip) equivalent single-axle load for mixed traffic. The model can also be used to design pavement so that it will last for a certain number of load repetitions before reaching a predetermined roughness level. Performance-based specifications can be developed using the methodology presented in this study. The model has been calibrated and verified with field data elsewhere.

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Risk Assessment of Rollover and Skidding due to Pavement Roughness and Differential Settlement for Enhancing Transportation Safety

Journal of Advanced Transportation ◽

10.1155/2021/7244283 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Lu Sun ◽

Luchuan Chen ◽

Yanna Yin ◽

Yao Tian ◽

Xuanyu Zhang

Keyword(s):

Vehicle Dynamics ◽

Safety Margin ◽

Differential Settlement ◽

Transportation Safety ◽

Lane Changing ◽

Pavement Maintenance ◽

Pavement Roughness ◽

Vehicle Rollover ◽

Surrogate Measures ◽

General Method

In this paper, a closed-loop simulation of vehicle dynamics in CarSim is utilized as surrogate measures to study the effect of pavement roughness and differential settlement on risk of vehicle rollover and skidding. It is found that the influence of pavement roughness on vehicle rollover is significant and the influence of pavement roughness on vehicle skidding is insignificant. The influence of pavement roughness of grade A and B on safety margin of vehicle rollover can be negligible. Pavement roughness of grade C and D significantly reduces the safety margin of vehicle rollover. A 5 cm settlement difference on pavement reduces the safety margin of vehicle skidding on a good road. When the settlement difference is 5 cm, the vehicle rollover and skidding are greatly affected by the lane-changing speed. It provides an effective and general method based on vehicle dynamics for studying transportation safety as well as for setting up criteria for pavement maintenance.

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Monitoring des Arzneimittelmissbrauchs 2006 bei Klienten von Suchtberatungsstellen (PHAR-MON)

SUCHT - Zeitschrift für Wissenschaft und Praxis / Journal of Addiction Research and Practice ◽

10.1024/2007.07.05 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 53 (7) ◽

pp. 65-77 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Susanne Roesner ◽

Heinrich Küfner

Keyword(s):

Monitoring System

Hintergrund und Zielsetzung: PHAR-MON ist ein Monitoring-System, das die auf dem deutschen Markt befindlichen Arzneimittel in ihrer Bedeutung für die Entwicklung von Missbrauch und Abhängigkeit in Suchtberatungsstellen überwacht. Methodik: Klienten ambulanter Beratungsstellen werden im Rahmen der Standarddokumentation zu ihrem Arzneimittelkonsum befragt und Fälle eines abhängigen Konsums, eines schädlichen Gebrauchs oder eines Missbrauchs in PHAR-MON dokumentiert. Ergebnisse: Im Jahr 2006 wurden insgesamt 448 Meldungen von 276 überwiegend alkohol- und drogenabhängigen Klienten in das Monitoring einbezogen. Tranquilizer vom Benzodiazepin-Typ wurden in allen Klientengruppen mit Anteilen zwischen 29,1 % und 35,3 % am häufigsten dokumentiert. An benzodiazepinabhängige Klienten werden zunehmend auch Nicht-Benzodiazepin-Hypnotika verordnet. Bei opioidabhängigen Klienten war im Zeitraum der letzten fünf Jahre ein Anstieg im missbräuchlichen Substitutionsmittelkonsum von 14,9 % auf 33,8 % zu verzeichnen. Schlussfolgerungen: Das Risiko gefährlicher Wechselwirkungen zwischen Arzneimitteln mit Alkohol und Drogen sollte stärker als bisher in die ärztliche Verordnungsentscheidung einbezogen werden.

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