The Modern and Traditional Diplomacy of the Thirteenth Dalai Lama During His Sojourn in Khalkha and Qinghai (1904–1907)

Daichi Wada draws on Russian, Chinese, and Japanese sources to analyse the Thirteenth Dalai Lama’s diplomatic activities during his sojourn in Khalkha, Qinghai, and Mount Wutai (1904–1909). Daichi demonstrates how the Dalai Lama’s diplomatic efforts manifested both traditional and modern aspects that were deployed as appropriate, and how his worldview was enhanced by his travels. The author particularly focuses on the Thirteenth Dalai Lama’s relationship with the Buryat Buddhist community, which in some aspects represented Russian interests but also held traditional ties with the Tibetan Buddhist centre. The support he gained among the Buryats helped him survive in a dangerous situation as not only a ruler of Tibet but also as the highest authority over Tibetan Buddhists.

COVID-19 Impact on International Migration

COVID 19 created many problems around the world and it affected everybody including migrants and immigrants. Many countries halted asylum seeker procedure in order to stop COVID 19 spreading but some countries restarted asylum seeker procedure since many people were in dangerous situation and they needed protection. Migrants and immigrants are highly vulnerable and can be infect by COVID 19. Many organizations especially international Organization played and are playing very important role to protect them against COVID 19. Migrants are working in frontline, they are in contact with other people, and the risks are very high to infect by COVID 19. Many of them hit globally very hard because of the COVID 19 especially due to the economic shut downs for example food, accommodating and personal services. Many countries closed their borders and they halted asylum seeker procedure. The number of restrictions and measures that imposed on migrants and immigrants reached 4600 around the world. Many countries have imposed travel ban especially on new comers.

Promising chemical barrier substance applied to ichthyofauna in hydroelectric plants

In hydroelectric plants, there are, on a regular or untimely basis, shutdowns of the generating units in order to carry out some maneuvers for tests and mechanical maintenance. The low operating flow increases the probability of accumulation of ichthyofauna in the draft tube. As a result, the variables that determine the quality of water can change, which requires a broad and coordinated human effort to rescue trapped fish. In addition to the risks related to work safety, there are large economic liabilities as a result of the downtime of the generating units. To minimize this problem, it is necessary to improve techniques for repelling fish from risk areas. The detection of chemical substances in water is one of the most efficient methods of communication between fish. Thus, this study presents a brief review of alarm substances, which are released by the fish epidermis as a sign of defensive response to a dangerous situation and are promising for use as a chemical barrier in the hydroelectric sector.

Model and algorithms for a decision support system on the application of rescue intends in case of a beyond design-basis rapid accident of a river passenger vessel

The problem of determination of threshold values of changes in stability characteristics of a river displacement ship is studied. A model and a data preparation scheme are being developed for the algorithmic implementation of the construction of curves of threshold values of lateral stability characteristics until the moment corresponding to the command given by the ship’s captain to bring life-saving appliances to a state of readiness or to use them. For the case of flooding of two adjacent hull compartments of a three-deck river passenger motor ship under the action of an external static inclining moment, illustrating data of calculations of hydrostatic characteristics and ship trim are presented, and an ensemble of diagrams of its static stability with threshold values is built. The results of the studies performed are intended for the software and hardware implementation of a digital system for active monitoring of the ship’s hull condition, predicting the development of a dangerous situation, supporting decision-making by the captain of a river vessel on the use of standard rescue equipment in the event of the threat of the ship being flooded and overturned.

Fire and Explosion Hazards Due to Medical Oxygen Handling During Coronavirus Pandemic

With the continued outbreak of the coronavirus and the increase in the need for medical oxygen, it became necessary to take all measures for the safe handling of gas. Oxygen is very reactive and behaves differently to air, compressed air, nitrogen and other inert gases. Medical oxygen, at high pressure, from a cylinder, can react violently with hydrocarbons such as oil and grease which may be used mistakenly in cylinder valve or regulator. The oxidation products are a potentially explosive hydroperoxide. Nearly all materials including rubber, textiles, and metals will burn vigorously in the presence of oxygen. Atmospheric air contains nitrogen 78%, oxygen about 21% and with 1% remaining including a variety of other gases like carbon dioxide and argon. Even a small increase in the oxygen level in the air to about 24% can create a dangerous situation. It becomes easier to start a fire, which will then burn hotter and more fiercely than in atmospheric air and may be impossible to put the fire out. Increase the concentration of oxygen due to leaking valve or hose in a poorly ventilated room or in confined space can quickly create a dangerous level.

A Coordination System between Decision Making and Controlling for Autonomous Collision Avoidance of Large Intelligent Ships

Large ships are typically with large inertia and longtime delay in motion, in prevailing collision avoidance methods, their maneuverability is generally neglected, there could be a dangerous situation if the system fails to control the ship course as ordered in a timely manner. This paper proposes a coordination system which consists of two algorithms for avoiding risk and then returning to scheduled waypoint. The avoiding risk algorithm are based on VO (velocity obstacle) method, the returning algorithm is derived from LOS (light of sight) guidance. For better performance, the ship model for simulation is a nonlinear Norrbin Model, with the controller improved by CGSA (closed loop gain shaping algorithm) method from traditional PID control, COLREGS (Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea) constrains are considered. To test the effectiveness of the proposed system, a series of complex scenarios including Imazu problem are applied.

Foreign Body Ingestion in Neurologically Impaired Children: A Challenging Diagnosis and Management in Pediatric Surgery

Children with intellectual disability/neurodevelopmental delay (ID-ND) commonly ingest foreign bodies (FB) and often present complications due to peculiar aspects of their condition. The aim of this paper is to report the experience of two centers in the management of ID-ND patients after FB ingestion and to discuss a possible algorithm for clinical practice. We retrospectively evaluated data of patients managed for FB ingestion (period: 2017–2021), focusing on those with ID-ND, specifically demographics and baseline diagnosis, elements related to the event, symptoms, time to endoscopy, FB location, endoscopic details, and follow-up. A total of 457 patients were managed in the study period and 19 had ID-ND (mean age 9.8 ± 3.5 years, 15 males). A total of 16/19 (84.2%) were symptomatic and required an operative approach. Recurrent ingestions and multiple FB were found in 2 and 11 patients, respectively. Endoscopy (mean time 65.6 ± 41 min) was effective in 14 cases (73.6%) and 6 patients (31.6%) developed a complication. FB ingestion in ID-ND patients represents a challenging condition for the clinician and a potentially dangerous situation. It should be addressed specifically by a multidisciplinary team considering a tailored diagnostic and management protocol.

A Study on Deep Learning Model Autonomous Driving Based on Big Data

Autonomous driving requires a large amount of data to improve performance, and we tried to solve this problem by using CARLA simulation. In order to utilize the actual data, when the sensor installed in the vehicle recognizes the dangerous situation, the embedded device detects and judges the danger 5-10 seconds in advance, and the acquired various dangerous situation data is sent to the iCloud(server) for retraining with new data. Over time, the learning model's performance gets better and more perfect. The deep learning model used for training is a detection model based on a convolution neural network (CNN), and a YOLO model that shows optimal detection performance. We propose a connectivity vehicle technology system solution, which is an important part of autonomous driving, using big data-based deep learning algorithms. In this study, We implement and extensively evaluate the system by auto ware under various settings using a popular end-to-end self-driving software Autoware on NVIDIA Corporation for the development of autonomous vehicles.

Fishermen Rescue Mission

The basic idea of this project is to save the life of fishermen at sea. We do this by installing a module in the fisherman’s life jacket. This module will be a transmitter which can transmit its current location. This module is made to be a floating module. Which is also waterproof. The person in the dangerous situation can press the button and the transmitter starts transmitting the location. The data is then transferred to the receiver via a network built by WLAN module which is also made by us. The WLAN module consists of the transmitter and the receiver and acts as repeater stations. These transmitters and receivers also contain the LoRa module. The LoRa module is Incorporated because of its long range communication specifications. The repeater station is placed buoy the help of buoys. Buoys are floating objects which are then anchored to make them stationary. The receiver is a portable one and dynamically we can get the location of the transmitter. Hence we can locate the person and then rescue them Keywords: LoRa, WLAN, GPS module,