Semiologic classification of psychogenic non epileptic seizures (PNES) based on video EEG analysis: Do we need new classification systems?

The detrimental effects of labeling persons as disabled is well known to special educators, many of whom have advocated doing away with labels altogether. However, as a fundamental of science, classification is extremely important. The problem may not be the labeling process per se but one of societal attitudes. Labels are both a product and provocation of attitudes. A review of the current classification systems pinpoints eight characteristics that are problematic in classifying motor disorders. Gibson’s (1977) theory of affordance offers one way of providing a more accurate and useful labeling system, and at the same time addressing, in part, the negative attitude problem. In an affordance approach, the label applies to the behavior as a product of the person/environment system rather than to the person alone, which is the traditional approach. The new classification system offered here, although not complete, differs from the traditional systems in several ways and is seen as useful to researchers and educators alike.

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Classification of Secondary Shoulder Deformities in Obstetric Brachial Plexus Palsy

Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume) ◽

10.1016/s0266-7681(02)00399-6 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 28 (5) ◽

pp. 483-486 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

M. M. AL-QATTAN

Keyword(s):

Brachial Plexus ◽

Classification Systems ◽

Brachial Plexus Palsy ◽

New Classification ◽

Obstetric Brachial Plexus Palsy ◽

Obstetric Brachial Plexus ◽

Birth Palsy

Shoulder deformities are the most frequent sequelae of birth palsy. In this paper, previous classification systems for secondary shoulder deformities are reviewed and a new classification is offered.

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Posttraumatic Lateral Dislocation of Mandibular Condyle: A Proposed New Classification with Report of 14 Dislocated Condyles

Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction ◽

10.1055/s-0039-1677725 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 249-253 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tabishur Rahman ◽

Ghulam Sarwar Hashmi ◽

Syed Saeed Ahmed ◽

Sajjad Abdur Rahman

Keyword(s):

Clinical Experience ◽

Classification System ◽

Clinical Condition ◽

Mandibular Condyle ◽

Classification Systems ◽

Radiological Findings ◽

New Classification ◽

Lateral Dislocation

Lateral dislocation of the intact mandibular condyle is a relatively uncommon clinical condition. Since the first description and classification of these dislocations given by Allen and Young, few classification systems have been proposed in literature with incorporation of different patterns of dislocations identified over the years. We share our clinical experience of nine cases of such dislocations with 14 dislocated condyles, and on the basis of clinical and radiological findings coupled with the review of existing classification systems, we propose a new classification system which includes all the possible patterns of such dislocations overcoming the major shortcomings of preexisting classification systems identified by the authors.

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Proposal for a New Classification of Outcome with Respect to Epileptic Seizures Following Epilepsy Surgery

Epilepsia ◽

10.1046/j.1528-1157.2001.35100.x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 42 (2) ◽

pp. 282-286 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

◽

H. G. Wieser ◽

W. T. Blume ◽

D. Fish ◽

E. Goldensohn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Epilepsy Surgery ◽

Epileptic Seizures ◽

New Classification

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External validation of a new classification of spinal lipomas based on embryonic stage

Journal of Neurosurgery Pediatrics ◽

10.3171/2019.11.peds19575 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 394-401 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Steven Tominey ◽

Chandrasekaran Kaliaperumal ◽

Pasquale Gallo

Keyword(s):

External Validation ◽

Radical Resection ◽

Classification Systems ◽

New Classification ◽

Improve Patient Selection ◽

Patient Representatives ◽

Type 3

OBJECTIVEContention exists regarding appropriate classification and management of spinal lipomas (SLs). Given the heterogeneity of SLs, omissions and overlap between surgically incomparable groups exist in conventional classification systems. The new classification of spinal lipoma (NCSL) recently proposed by Morota et al. delineates morphology by embryological pathogenesis and the resultant operative difficulty. Here, the authors aimed to validate the NCSL by applying it to patients who had been operated on at their institution.METHODSAll children who had undergone resection for SL between 2014 and 2018 were included in this analysis. MRI studies were independently reviewed and classified by three adjudicators. Baseline characteristics, inter-adjudicator agreement, coexisting anomalies and/or malformations, and postoperative outcomes and complications were analyzed.RESULTSThirty-six patients underwent surgical untethering for SL: NCSL type 1 in 5 patients (14%), type 2 in 14 patients (39%), type 3 in 4 patients (11%), and type 4 in 13 patients (36%). All classification was agreed on first assignment by the adjudicators. Radical or near-radical resection, which was attempted in all patients, was always possible in those with type 1 and 4 SL, but never in those with type 2 and 3 SL. Neurological stabilization and/or improvement were observed in all patients at the last follow-up.CONCLUSIONSThe NCSL was found to be a logical and reproducible system to apply in this SL population. All cases were successfully classified with a high degree of inter-assessor agreement. Widespread establishment of a commonly adopted and clinically useful classification system will enable clinicians to improve patient selection as well as discussion with patient representatives during the decision-making process.

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