Biotic and abiotic factors controlling the spatial and temporal variation of soil respiration in an agricultural ecosystem

Abstract. Carbon dioxide efflux from the soil surface was measured over a period of several weeks within a heterogeneous Brachystegia spp. dominated miombo woodland in Western Zambia. The objectives were to examine spatial and temporal variation of soil respiration along a disturbance gradient from a protected forest reserve to a cut, burned, and grazed area outside, and to relate the flux to various abiotic and biotic drivers. The highest daily mean fluxes (around 12 μmol CO2 m−2 s−1) were measured in the protected forest in the wet season and lowest daily mean fluxes (around 1 μmol CO2 m−2 s−1) in the most disturbed area during the dry season. Diurnal variation of soil respiration was closely correlated with soil temperature. The combination of soil water content and soil temperature was found to be the main driving factor at seasonal time scale. There was a 75% decrease in soil CO2 efflux during the dry season and a 20% difference in peak soil respiratory flux measured in 2008 and 2009. Spatial variation of CO2 efflux was positively related to total soil carbon content in the undisturbed area but not at the disturbed site. Coefficients of variation of efflux rates between plots decreased towards the core zone of the protected forest reserve. Normalized soil respiration values did not vary significantly along the disturbance gradient. Spatial variation of respiration did not show a clear distinction between the disturbed and undisturbed sites and could not be explained by variables such as leaf area index. In contrast, within plot variability of soil respiration was explained by soil organic carbon content. Three different approaches to calculate total ecosystem respiration (Reco) from eddy covariance measurements were compared to two bottom-up estimates of Reco obtained from chambers measurements of soil- and leaf respiration which differed in the consideration of spatial heterogeneity. The consideration of spatial variability resulted only in small changes of Reco when compared to simple averaging. Total ecosystem respiration at the plot scale, obtained by eddy covariance differed by up to 25% in relation to values calculated from the soil- and leaf chamber efflux measurements but without showing a clear trend.

Download Full-text

Soil respiration and its responses to biotic and abiotic factors in patchy remnant forests and urban green landscapes of Tianjin, China

Urban Forestry & Urban Greening ◽

10.1016/j.ufug.2020.126743 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 53 ◽

pp. 126743 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zhang Chengfang ◽

Li Desheng ◽

Wei Jiayu ◽

Zhao Longfei ◽

Liu Fude

Keyword(s):

Soil Respiration ◽

Abiotic Factors ◽

Urban Green ◽

Biotic And Abiotic Factors

Download Full-text

Spatial and temporal variation in soil respiration in a Southeast Asian tropical rainforest

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology ◽

10.1016/j.agrformet.2007.06.005 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 147 (1-2) ◽

pp. 35-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 113

Author(s):

Yoshiko Kosugi ◽

Tomonori Mitani ◽

Masayuki Itoh ◽

Shoji Noguchi ◽

Makoto Tani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Respiration ◽

Temporal Variation ◽

Tropical Rainforest ◽

Southeast Asian ◽

Spatial And Temporal Variation

Download Full-text

Effect of canopy gap size on soil respiration in a mixed broadleaved-Korean pine forest: Evidence from biotic and abiotic factors

European Journal of Soil Biology ◽

10.1016/j.ejsobi.2020.103194 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 99 ◽

pp. 103194

Author(s):

Mengguang Han ◽

Mao Tang ◽

Baoku Shi ◽

Guangze Jin

Keyword(s):

Soil Respiration ◽

Abiotic Factors ◽

Pine Forest ◽

Canopy Gap ◽

Gap Size ◽

Korean Pine ◽

Biotic And Abiotic Factors ◽

Korean Pine Forest

Download Full-text

The regulatory effects of biotic and abiotic factors on soil respiration under different land-use types

Ecological Indicators ◽

10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.107787 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 127 ◽

pp. 107787

Author(s):

H.B. Xiao ◽

Z.H. Shi ◽

Z.W. Li ◽

J. Chen ◽

B. Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Soil Respiration ◽

Abiotic Factors ◽

Biotic And Abiotic Factors ◽

Land Use Types ◽

Regulatory Effects

Download Full-text

Seed quality deterioration due to temporal variation of biotic and abiotic factors in cucumber

Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.3329/bjar.v34i3.3972 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 457-463 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

ABM Khaldun ◽

MD Ehsanul Haque

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Temporal Variation ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Abiotic Factors ◽

Initial Moisture Content ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Quality Factors ◽

Hard Seed ◽

Biotic And Abiotic Factors ◽

Ambient Relative Humidity

Cucumber seeds were taken to assess the effect of temporal variation on the seed quality. Seeds were stored in three types of containers, such as metal (tin), polythene bag, and cloth bag. The containers were stored at room temperature and ambient relative humidity around three months. Seed quality factors viz., moisture content, germination percentage, vigor index, percentage of abnormal seedling, fresh seed, dead seed, hard seed, root-shoot ratio and amount of dry matter were recorded every 15 days interval. The initial moisture content of seed in tin, poly bag, and cloth bag were 10.66%, 10.13%, and 9.89%, respectively, but it was increased with increasing storage time after 60 days (11.08%, 10.67%, and 10.98%). The germination percentage was higher at 15 days after observation (DAO) for different containers like tin (90%), poly bag (86%), and cloth bag (85%) than after 60 DAO (86%, 84%, and 80%), respectively, on blotting paper substrate. The percentage of dead seed was increased from 2 to 10%, 5 to 12%, and 6 to 12% in tin container, poly bag, and cloth bag, respectively, from 15 DAO to 60 DAO. The vigor indexes of seedling were 14.58, 12.85, and 10.92 at 15 DAO in tin, poly bag, and cloth bag, respectively, which attained at 10.39, 10.26, and 10.08 at 60 DAO, respectively. The length of seedling was 25.85 cm, 25.15 cm, and 24.30 cm at 60 DAO in tin, poly bag, and cloth bag, respectively. Shoot-root ratio was found highest in tin container at 15 DAO (0.95) and lowest in cloth bag (0.70) at 60 DAO. Key Words: Seed quality, cucumber, temporal variation, biotic and abiotic factors. DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v34i3.3972 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 34(3) : 457-463, September 2009

Download Full-text