scholarly journals Analysis of Floristic Composition and plant Community types in Kenech Natural Forest, Kaffa Zone, Ethiopia.

2021 ◽  
pp. 100170
Author(s):  
Balemlay Sewale ◽  
Siraj Mammo
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Community Types

scholarly journals Plant Community Analysis along Environmental Gradients in Moist Afromontane Forest of Gerba Dima, South-western Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abyot Dibaba Hundie ◽  
Teshome Soromessa Urgessa ◽  
Bikila Warkineh Dullo
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Community ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Community Types ◽  
Western Ethiopia

Abstract Background This study was carried out in Gerba Dima Forest, South-Western Ethiopia, to determine the floristic composition, species diversity and community types along environmental gradients. Ninety sample plots having a size of 25 × 25 m (625 m2) were laid by employing stratified random sampling. Nested plots were used to sample plants of different sizes and different environmental variables. All woody plant species with Diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 2.5 cm and height ≥ 1.5 m were recorded in 25 m X 25 m plots. Within the major plots, five 3 m x 3 m subplots (9 m2) was used to collect shrubs with dbh < 2.5 cm and > 1.5 m height. Within each 9 m2subplots, two 1 m2 subplots were used to collect data on the species and abundance of herbaceous plants. Hierarchical (agglomerative) cluster analysis was performed using the free statistical software R version 3.6.1 using package cluster to classify the vegetation into plant community types. Redundancy Analysis (RDA) ordination was used in describing the pattern of plant communities along an environmental gradient. Result One hundred and eighty plant species belonging to 145 genera, 69 families and comprising of 15 endemic species were recorded. Cluster analysis resulted in five different plant communities and this result was supported by the ordination result. RDA result showed altitude was the main environmental variable in determining the plant communities. The ANOVA test indicated that the five community types differ significantly from each other with regard to EC and K. Conclusions The studied forest can play a significant role in biodiversity conservation since it harbours high species diversity and richness. Thus, all Stakeholders including Oromia Forest and wildlife enterprise (OFWE) and the regional government should work to designate the forest as a biosphere reserve and being registered under UNESCO.

scholarly journals Floristic composition and plant community types of Agama Forest, an Afromontane Forest in Southwest Ethiopia

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 55-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Addi Admassu ◽  
Soromessa Teshome ◽  
Kelebessa Ensermu ◽  
Dibaba Abyot ◽  
Kefyalew Alemayhu
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Southwest Ethiopia ◽  
Afromontane Forest ◽  
Community Types

Relating spatial and temporal patterns in floristics with vegetation mapping: an example from Fraser Island, south-east Queensland, Australia

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben E. Lawson ◽  
Grant Wardell-Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Conservation Planning ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Vegetation Patterns ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Shrub Species ◽  
Ecological Patterns ◽  
Community Types

The use of mapped polygons to represent vegetation patterns is becoming more widespread in conservation planning and natural resource management. The degree of homogeneity (i.e., one vegetation unit per polygon) of these polygons influences the efficacy of mapped patterns. It was observed that Fraser Island, south-east Queensland (SEQ) exhibited near complete map unit homogeneity relative to adjacent mainland areas. We sought to establish whether this homogeneity had an ecological or cartographic basis. Floristic presence-absence data from 50 quadrats, each sampled over three consecutive years, were analysed using cluster analysis (UPGMA) and ordination (SSH MDS) to define and compare eight numerically-derived plant community types with eight a priori regional ecosystem types derived from mapping of the island. Strong congruence between the two approaches was evident, suggesting that the mapping effectively portrayed ecological patterns. Floristic composition and species richness remained consistent at most quadrats for three consecutive years. Perennial woody species (including tree and shrub species) showed significant (P < 0.05) variation between regional ecosystem units and between plant community groups, but was stable through time. Conversely, the herb assemblage showed significant temporal variation and poor fidelity to vegetation classifications. High levels of map unit homogeneity were shown to extend to five barrier sand islands of SEQ across various map scales and map authors in these sandy environs. We conclude that homogeneity in mapped polygons on Fraser Island is a consequence of discrete boundaries and the associated distinctive floristics of the vegetation communities in this area. We suggest focussing limited mapping resources to areas of high polygon heterogeneity, instead of areas such as the SEQ sand islands which appear well represented by existing mapping.

scholarly journals Plant Community Analysis along Environmental Gradients in Moist Afromontane Forest of Gerba Dima, South-western Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abyot Dibaba Hundie ◽  
Teshome Soromessa Urgessa ◽  
Bikila Warkineh Dullo
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Community ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Community Types ◽  
Western Ethiopia

Abstract Background: This study was carried out in Gerba Dima Forest, South-Western Ethiopia, to determine the floristic composition, species diversity and community types along environmental gradients. Ninety sample plots having a size of 25 X 25m (625m2) were laid by employing stratified random sampling. Nested plots were used to sample plants of different sizes and different environmental variables. All woody plant species with Diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 2.5 cm and height ≥ 1.5m were recorded in 25 m X 25 m plots. Hierarchical (agglomerative) cluster analysis was performed using the free statistical software R version 3.6.1 using package cluster to classify the vegetation into plant community types. Redundancy Analysis (RDA) ordination was used in describing the pattern of plant communities along an environmental gradient. Result: One hundred and eighty plant species belonging to 145 genera, 69 families and comprising of 15 endemic species were recorded. Of these, 52 species (28.9%) were trees, 6 species (3.33%) were Trees/shrubs, 31 species (17.22%) were shrubs, 76 species (42.22%) were herbs, and 15 species (8.33%) were Lianas. Rubiaceae, Acanthaceae and Asteraceae were the richest family each represented by 11 genera and 11 species (6.11%), 9 genera and 11 species (6.11%), 6 genera and 11 species (6.11%), respectively of total floristic composition. Cluster analysis resulted in five different plant communities and this result was supported by the ordination result. RDA result showed altitude was the main environmental variable in determining the plant communities. The ANOVA test indicated that the five community types differ significantly from each other with regard to Electrical Conductivity and Potassium. Conclusions: Description of floristic diversity of species in Gerba Dima forest revealed the presence of high species diversity and richness. The presence of endemic plant species in the study forest shows the potential of the area for biodiversity conservation.

scholarly journals Ecological and floristic study of Hirmi woodland vegetation in Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehari Girmay ◽  
Tamrat Bekele ◽  
Sebsebe Demissew ◽  
Ermias Lulekal
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Community ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Shannon Diversity ◽  
Regeneration Status ◽  
Community Types

Abstract The dryland area in Ethiopia covers a substantial region endowed with diverse plant resources. However, the landmass has received less attention even if it has high ecological, environmental, and economic uses. The present study was conducted in Hirmi woodland vegetation, which is one of the dryland areas in Ethiopia, with the objective of investigating the floristic composition, plant community types, vegetation structure, community-environment relations and its regeneration status. Vegetation and environmental data were collected from 80 sampling plots with a size of 25 m × 25 m designated as the main plots. Diameter at breast height (DBH), height, basal area, density, vertical structure, importance value index (IVI), and frequency were computed. Species diversity and evenness were analyzed using Shannon diversity and evenness indices. The plant community types and vegetation-environment relationships were analyzed using classification and ordination tools, respectively. A total of 171 vascular plant species belonging to 135 genera and 56 families were recorded. About 5.3% of the species were endemic and near-endemic to Ethiopia. The highest number of species was recorded in families Fabaceae (16.4%) and Poaceae (11.7%) followed by Asteraceae (7.0%), Combretaceae, Lamiaceae, and Moraceae (3.5% each). Five plant communities were identified. According to the results from ordination analysis, the floristic composition of these plant communities was significantly affected by altitude, slope, sand, silt, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, and disturbance. The vegetation structure reveals that a large number of individual species was categorized in the lower DBH, frequency, and height classes. The highest Shannon diversity index and evenness values of the study area were 4.21 and 0.95, respectively. Anogeissus leiocarpa, Combretum hartmannianum, Ziziphus mucronata, Terminalia macroptera, and Acacia polyacantha were the species with high IVI. Some endemic plants were in the IUCN red list categories of Ethiopia and Eritrea. The overall regeneration status of the study area was poor because of anthropogenic disturbances and grazing pressures. Although the study area is endowed with high plant species diversity including endemism, it is under poor regeneration status due to various disturbances. To overcome this challenge, integrated management measures including monitoring and application of restoration techniques by taking into consideration the significant environmental factors associated with species diversity as well as observed regeneration status and IUCN threat level of the species are highly recommended.

scholarly journals Effect of exotic tree plantation on floristic composition and phytodiversity of Rema-Kalenga wildlife sanctuary, Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-47
Author(s):  
Gazi Mosharof Hossain ◽  
ABM Enayet Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Wildlife Sanctuary ◽  
Tree Plantation ◽  
Exotic Tree ◽  
Index Value

Effect of exotic tree plantation on floristic composition and phytodiversity status of Rema-Kalenga wildlife sanctuary of Bangladesh was studied. A total of 309 vascular plant species under 245 genera belonging to 83 families were found to constitute the vascular flora of the studied area. The maximum number of species (298) with the highest Shannon-Weiner diversity index value (3.882±0.090) was recorded from natural forest, which was followed by 194 and 165 plant species with 3.441±0.205 and 3.398±0.103 diversity index values recorded from Tectona and Acacia plantation sites respectively. The minimum number of plant species (142) with the lowest diversity index value (2.999±0.152) was recorded from Eucalyptus plantation site. The collected data on the selected forest sites of Rema-Kalenga wildlife sanctuary showed the trends of gradual decrease in floristic composition and phytodivesity status of three plantation sites (Tectona to Acacia to Eucalyptus) in respect to natural forest, which indicated that exotic tree plantations might have negative impact on floristic composition and phytodiversity of this semi-tropical forest area and the fast-growing exotic tree plantation of Acacia and Eucalyptus should be avoided for sustainable development of Rema-Kalenga wildlife sanctuary.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 3(2): 33-47, 2014 (December)

scholarly journals Carbon dioxide and methane exchange of a patterned subarctic fen during two contrasting growing seasons

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauri Heiskanen ◽  
Juha-Pekka Tuovinen ◽  
Aleksi Räsänen ◽  
Tarmo Virtanen ◽  
Sari Juutinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Plant Community ◽  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Drought Period ◽  
Annual Carbon ◽  
Ecosystem Level ◽  
Community Types ◽  
Annual Carbon Balance

&lt;p&gt;Abstract&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Northern mires have sequestered substantial amounts of atmospheric carbon since the last glacial period forming one of the largest carbon pools in the biosphere (Hugelius et al., 2020). Current global warming is causing the subarctic and arctic regions warm rapidly, two to three times as fast as the rest of the world (Masson-Delmotte et al., 2018), which will affect the carbon balance of these mires.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In Kaamanen, northern Finland, we studied carbon dioxide (CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) and methane (CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;) exchange between patterned mesotrophic fen and the atmosphere, both on ecosystem and plant community level. The ecosystem level measurements were conducted by utilizing eddy covariance method, while the fluxes on plant community scale were measured with flux chambers. The studied fen can be described as a mosaic of strings and flarks (or hummocks and hollows, respectively). The microtopography of the string-flark continuum form four main plant community types with varying water table conditions and vegetation composition. The measurements took place in 2017&amp;#8211;2018. The two years in question were contrasting in their meteorological and environmental conditions. The 2017 growing season had average temperature, but high precipitation sum, while 2018 growing season was warm and dry. In July 2018 a north-western Europe-wide heatwave caused a month-long drought period at the site. Compared to 2017, the annual carbon balance of the Kaamanen fen was affected by earlier onset of photosynthesis in spring and the drought event during summer 2018.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We found that the annual carbon balance of the fen did not differ markedly between the studied years, even though the meteorological and environmental conditions did. The earlier onset of growing season in 2018 strengthened the CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; sink of the ecosystem, but this gain was counterbalanced by the later drought period. Additionally, we found strong spatial variation in CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; dynamics between the main plant communities. Most of the variation in ecosystem level carbon exchange could be explained by the variation in water table level, soil temperature and vegetation characteristics, which were also the environmental factors that varied between the plant community types.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;References&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hugelius, G., Loisel, J., Chadburn, S., Jackson, R. B., Jones, M., MacDonald, G., Marushchak, M., Olefeldt, D., Packalen, M., Siewert, M. B., Treat, C., Turetsky, M., Voigt, C. and Yu, Z.: Large stocks of peatland carbon and nitrogen are vulnerable to permafrost thaw, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 117, 20438&amp;#8211;20446, doi:10.1073/pnas.1916387117, 2020.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Masson-Delmotte, V., Zhai, P., P&amp;#246;rtner, H.-O., Roberts, D., Skea, J., Shukla, P. R., Pirani, A., Moufouma-Okia, W., P&amp;#233;an, C., Pidcock, R., Connors, S., Matthews, J. B. R., Chen, Y., Zhou, X., Gomis, M. I., Lonnoy, E., Maycock, T., Tignor, M. and Waterfield T. (Eds.): Global Warming of 1.5&amp;#176;C. An IPCC Special Report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5&amp;#176;C above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to eradicate poverty, World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 2018.&lt;/p&gt;

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