The Brain Epigenome Goes Drunk: Alcohol Consumption Alters Histone Acetylation and Transcriptome

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-95
Author(s):  
Irene de Diego ◽  
Annika Müller-Eigner ◽  
Shahaf Peleg
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Histone Acetylation ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Drunk Alcohol

Activation of Melanocortin-4 Receptor by a Synthetic Agonist Inhibits Ethanolinduced Neuroinflammation in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (45) ◽  
pp. 4799-4805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osvaldo Flores-Bastías ◽  
Gonzalo I. Gómez ◽  
Juan A. Orellana ◽  
Eduardo Karahanian
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Ethanol Intake ◽  
Neuroinflammatory Response ◽  
Agonist Peptide ◽  
Melanocortin 4 Receptor ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
High Ethanol ◽  
The Brain

Background: High ethanol intake induces a neuroinflammatory response resulting in the subsequent maintenance of chronic alcohol consumption. The melanocortin system plays a pivotal role in the modulation of alcohol consumption. Interestingly, it has been shown that the activation of melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) in the brain decreases the neuroinflammatory response in models of brain damage other than alcohol consumption, such as LPS-induced neuroinflammation, cerebral ischemia, glutamate excitotoxicity, and spinal cord injury. Objectives: In this work, we aimed to study whether MC4R activation by a synthetic MC4R-agonist peptide prevents ethanol-induced neuroinflammation, and if alcohol consumption produces changes in MC4R expression in the hippocampus and hypothalamus. Methods: Ethanol-preferring Sprague Dawley rats were selected offering access to 20% ethanol on alternate days for 4 weeks (intermittent access protocol). After this time, animals were i.p. administered an MC4R agonist peptide in the last 2 days of the protocol. Then, the expression of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were measured in the hippocampus, hypothalamus and prefrontal cortex. It was also evaluated if ethanol intake produces alterations in the expression of MC4R in the hippocampus and the hypothalamus. Results: Alcohol consumption increased the expression of MC4R in the hippocampus and the hypothalamus. The administration of the MC4R agonist reduced IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α levels in hippocampus, hypothalamus and prefrontal cortex, to those observed in control rats that did not drink alcohol. Conclusion: High ethanol consumption produces an increase in the expression of MC4R in the hippocampus and hypothalamus. The administration of a synthetic MC4R-agonist peptide prevents neuroinflammation induced by alcohol consumption in the hippocampus, hypothalamus, and prefrontal cortex. These results could explain the effect of α-MSH and other synthetic MC4R agonists in decreasing alcohol intake through the reduction of the ethanol-induced inflammatory response in the brain.

BINGE ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION IN ADOLESCENT AND ADULT MICE DIFFERENTIALLY REMODELS THE BRAIN TRANSCRIPTOME

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (6s1) ◽  
pp. 368A-368A
Author(s):  
Julie A. Owen ◽  
Oscar Velasquez ◽  
Patricia S. Levin ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Harish Krishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Brain Transcriptome ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Alcohol consumption impairs the ependymal cilia motility in the brain ventricles

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alzahra J. Al Omran ◽  
Hannah C. Saternos ◽  
Yusuf S. Althobaiti ◽  
Alexander Wisner ◽  
Youssef Sari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Brain Ventricles ◽  
Ependymal Cilia ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Alcohol consumption among Chilean adolescents: Examining individual, peer, parenting and environmental factors

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Enrique Sanhueza ◽  
Jorge Delva ◽  
Cristina Bares ◽  
Andrew Grogan-Kaylor
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Related Problem ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Religious Faith ◽  
Neighborhood Conditions ◽  
Problematic Drinking ◽  
Alcohol Related Problem ◽  
Drunk Alcohol

Sanhueza, G. E., Delva, J., Bares, C. B. & Grogan-Kaylor, A. (2013). Alcohol consumption among Chilean adolescents: Examining individual, peer, parenting and environmental factors. International Journal of Alcohol and Drug Research, 2(1), 89-97.   doi: 10.7895/ijadr.v2i1.71 (http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v2i1.71)Aims: This study examined whether adolescents from Santiago, Chile who had never drunk alcohol differed from those who had drunk alcohol but who had never experienced an alcohol-related problem, as well as from those who had drunk and who had experienced at least one alcohol-related problem on a number of variables from four domains - individual, peers, parenting, and environmental.Design: Cross-sectional.Setting: Community based sample.Participants: 909 adolescents from Santiago, Chile.Measurements: Data were analyzed with multinomial logistic regression to compare adolescents who had never drunk alcohol (non-drinkers) with i) those that had drunk but who had experienced no alcohol-related problems (non-problematic drinkers) and ii) those who had drunk alcohol and had experienced at least one alcohol-related problem (problematic drinkers). The analyses included individual, peer, parenting, and environmental factors while controlling for age, sex, and socioeconomic status.Findings: Compared to non-drinkers, both non-problematic and problematic drinkers were older, reported having more friends who drank alcohol, greater exposure to alcohol ads, lower levels of parental monitoring, and more risk-taking behaviors. In addition, problematic drinkers placed less importance on religious faith to make daily life decisions and had higher perceptions of neighborhood crime than non-drinkers.Conclusions: Prevention programs aimed at decreasing problematic drinking could benefit from drawing upon adolescents’ spiritual sources of strength, reinforcing parental tools to monitor their adolescents, and improving environmental and neighborhood conditions.

An effect of cabergoline on alcohol consumption and DRD2 expression in the brain of rats with chronic alcohol intoxication

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (11. Vyp. 2) ◽  
pp. 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Yu. Shamakina ◽  
T. V. Proskuryakova ◽  
V. A. Shokhonova ◽  
E. V. Ulyanova ◽  
P. K. Anokhin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Chronic Alcohol ◽  
Chronic Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Liver tryptophan pyrrolase. A major determinant of the lower brain 5-hydroxytryptamine concentration in alcohol-preferring C57BL mice

1989 ◽  
Vol 264 (2) ◽  
pp. 597-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
A A B Badawy ◽  
C J Morgan ◽  
J Lane ◽  
K Dhaliwal ◽  
D M Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Major Determinant ◽  
Corticosterone Concentration ◽  
Cba Mice ◽  
C57bl Mice ◽  
Biological Determinants ◽  
Tryptophan Pyrrolase ◽  
The Brain

The lower brain 5-hydroxytryptamine concentration in alcohol-preferring C57BL, compared with -non-preferring CBA, mice is caused by a decrease in circulating tryptophan availability to the brain secondarily to a higher liver tryptophan pyrrolase activity associated with a higher circulating corticosterone concentration. Activity or expression of liver tryptophan pyrrolase and/or their induction by glucocorticoids may be important biological determinants of predisposition to alcohol consumption.

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