scholarly journals Serotonin and chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension activate a NADPH oxidase 4 and TRPM2 dependent pathway for pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration

2021 ◽  
pp. 106860
Author(s):  
Jia-Lin Song ◽  
Si-Yi Zheng ◽  
Rui-Lan He ◽  
Long-Xin Gui ◽  
Mo-Jun Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Arterial Smooth Muscle Cell ◽  
Nadph Oxidase 4 ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Migration ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Dependent Pathway ◽  
Proliferation And Migration

scholarly journals Dissecting histone deacetylase role in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration

2014 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margherita Galletti ◽  
Silvia Cantoni ◽  
Filippo Zambelli ◽  
Sabrina Valente ◽  
Massimiliano Palazzini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cell ◽  
Histone Deacetylase ◽  
Arterial Smooth Muscle Cell ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Migration ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Proliferation And Migration

scholarly journals Deficiency of Akt1, but not Akt2, attenuates the development of pulmonary hypertension

2015 ◽  
Vol 308 (2) ◽  
pp. L208-L220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyang Tang ◽  
Jiwang Chen ◽  
Dustin R. Fraidenburg ◽  
Shanshan Song ◽  
Justin R. Sysol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Vascular Remodeling ◽  
Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling ◽  
Akt Isoforms ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Migration ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Proliferation And Migration

Pulmonary vascular remodeling, mainly attributable to enhanced pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, is a major cause for elevated pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary arterial pressure in patients with pulmonary hypertension. The signaling cascade through Akt, comprised of three isoforms (Akt1–3) with distinct but overlapping functions, is involved in regulating cell proliferation and migration. This study aims to investigate whether the Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, and particularly which Akt isoform, contributes to the development and progression of pulmonary vascular remodeling in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH). Compared with the wild-type littermates, Akt1 −/− mice were protected against the development and progression of chronic HPH, whereas Akt2 −/− mice did not demonstrate any significant protection against the development of HPH. Furthermore, pulmonary vascular remodeling was significantly attenuated in the Akt1 −/− mice, with no significant effect noted in the Akt2 −/− mice after chronic exposure to normobaric hypoxia (10% O2). Overexpression of the upstream repressor of Akt signaling, phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN), and conditional and inducible knockout of mTOR in smooth muscle cells were also shown to attenuate the rise in right ventricular systolic pressure and the development of right ventricular hypertrophy. In conclusion, Akt isoforms appear to have a unique function within the pulmonary vasculature, with the Akt1 isoform having a dominant role in pulmonary vascular remodeling associated with HPH. The PTEN/Akt1/mTOR signaling pathway will continue to be a critical area of study in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension, and specific Akt isoforms may help specify therapeutic targets for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension.

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