scholarly journals Axial patterning in snakes and caecilians: Evidence for an alternative interpretation of the Hox code

2009 ◽  
Vol 332 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joost M. Woltering ◽  
Freek J. Vonk ◽  
Hendrik Müller ◽  
Nabila Bardine ◽  
Ioana L. Tuduce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Interpretation ◽  
Axial Patterning ◽  
Hox Code

scholarly journals Author response: Lin28a/let-7 pathway modulates the Hox code via Polycomb regulation during axial patterning in vertebrates

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tempei Sato ◽  
Kensuke Kataoka ◽  
Yoshiaki Ito ◽  
Shigetoshi Yokoyama ◽  
Masafumi Inui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Author Response ◽  
Axial Patterning ◽  
Hox Code

scholarly journals Lin28a/let-7 Pathway Modulates the Hox Code via Polycomb Regulation during Axial Patterning in Vertebrates

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tempei Sato ◽  
Kensuke Kataoka ◽  
Yoshiaki Ito ◽  
Shigetoshi Yokoyama ◽  
Masafumi Inui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Body Plan ◽  
The Body ◽  
Regulatory Pathway ◽  
Tight Control ◽  
Axial Patterning ◽  
Spatiotemporal Expression ◽  
Hox Code

AbstractThe body plan along the anteroposterior axis and regional identities are specified by the spatiotemporal expression of Hox genes. Multistep controls are required for their unique expression patterns; however, the molecular mechanisms behind the tight control of Hox genes are not fully understood. In this study, we demonstrated that the Lin28a/let-7 reciprocal regulatory pathway is critical for vertebral specification. Lin28a−/− mice exhibited homeotic transformations of vertebrae which were caused by the global dysregulation of posterior Hox genes. The accumulation of let-7-family microRNAs in Lin28a−/− mice resulted in the reduction of PRC1 occupancy at the Hox cluster loci by targeting Cbx2. Consistently, Lin28a loss in embryonic stem-like cells led to aberrant induction of posterior Hox genes, which was rescued by the knockdown of let-7-family microRNAs. These results suggest that Lin28/let-7 pathway is possibly involved in the modulation of the “Hox code” via Polycomb regulation during axial patterning in vertebrates.

scholarly journals Lin28a/let-7 pathway modulates the Hox code via Polycomb regulation during axial patterning in vertebrates

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tempei Sato ◽  
Kensuke Kataoka ◽  
Yoshiaki Ito ◽  
Shigetoshi Yokoyama ◽  
Masafumi Inui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Hox Genes ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tight Control ◽  
Tail Bud ◽  
Axial Patterning ◽  
Spatiotemporal Expression ◽  
Hox Code

The body plan along the anteroposterior axis and regional identities are specified by the spatiotemporal expression of Hox genes. Multistep controls are required for their unique expression patterns; however, the molecular mechanisms behind the tight control of Hox genes are not fully understood. In this study, we demonstrated that the Lin28a/let-7 pathway is critical for axial elongation. Lin28a–/– mice exhibited axial shortening with mild skeletal transformations of vertebrae, which were consistent with results in mice with tail bud-specific mutants of Lin28a. The accumulation of let-7 in Lin28a–/– mice resulted in the reduction of PRC1 occupancy at the Hox cluster loci by targeting Cbx2. Consistently, Lin28a loss in embryonic stem-like cells led to aberrant induction of posterior Hox genes, which was rescued by the knockdown of let-7. These results suggest that the Lin28/let-7 pathway is involved in the modulation of the ‘Hox code’ via Polycomb regulation during axial patterning.

An alternative interpretation of framing effect in decision making

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerwen Jou ◽  
James Shanteau ◽  
Richard Jackson Harris
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Framing Effect ◽  
Alternative Interpretation

Spatial suppression due to statistical regularities is driven by distractor suppression not by target activation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Failing ◽  
Benchi Wang ◽  
Jan Theeuwes
Keyword(s):  
High Probability ◽  
Target Location ◽  
Target Selection ◽  
Visual Space ◽  
Alternative Interpretation ◽  
Distractor Location ◽  
Target Presentation ◽  
Statistical Regularities ◽  
Low Probability ◽  
Presentation Experiment

Where and what we attend to is not only determined by what we are currently looking for but also by what we have encountered in the past. Recent studies suggest that biasing the probability by which distractors appear at locations in visual space may lead to attentional suppression of high probability distractor locations which effectively reduces capture by a distractor but also impairs target selection at this location. However, in many of these studies introducing a high probability distractor location was tantamount to increasing the probability of the target appearing in any of the other locations (i.e. the low probability distractor locations). Here, we investigate an alternative interpretation of previous findings according to which attentional selection at high probability distractor locations is not suppressed. Instead, selection at low probability distractor locations is facilitated. In two visual search tasks, we found no evidence for this hypothesis: neither when there was only a bias in target presentation but no bias in distractor presentation (Experiment 1), nor when there was only a bias in distractor presentation but no bias in target presentation (Experiment 2). We conclude that recurrent presentation of a distractor in a specific location leads to attentional suppression of that location through a mechanism that is unaffected by any regularities regarding the target location.

Tanaise Rig : An Alternative Interpretation

2002 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-105
Author(s):  
Carine Bruy
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Interpretation
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