The determination of the circulating blood volume with carbon monoxid

In the article, there are considered questions of physiological changes of the blood volume status during pregnancy, parturition and in the postpartum period, features of functional and structural changes of the cardiovascular system. The determination of the circulating blood volume is still a stumbling block for obstetrician-gynecologists and anesthesiologists-resuscitators. Our view of the normal blood volume status during pregnancy is important in light of the assessment of the blood loss in the development of massive obstetric hemorrhage. The doctor needs to know what changes in the cardiovascular system are physiological and which are pathological in case of blood loss, with taking into account the functional changes in the heart that occur during pregnancy, parturition and in the earliest postpartum period. A deeper understanding of this problem will help the doctor avoid aggressive infusion therapy, which can lead to complications.

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Contrast agent derived determination of the total circulating blood volume using magnetic resonance

Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics Biology and Medicine ◽

10.1007/s10334-011-0282-7 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 215-222 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kerstin Pannek ◽

Florian Fidler ◽

Ralf Kartäusch ◽

Peter M. Jakob ◽

Karl-Heinz Hiller

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Contrast Agent ◽

Blood Volume ◽

Circulating Blood Volume

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Determination of circulating blood volume by continuously monitoring hematocrit during hemodialysis.

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology ◽

10.1681/asn.v62214 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 214-219 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

J K Leypoldt ◽

A K Cheung ◽

R R Steuer ◽

D H Harris ◽

J M Conis

Keyword(s):

Blood Volume ◽

Plasma Protein ◽

Protein Concentration ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Total Plasma ◽

Plasma Protein Concentration ◽

Circulating Blood Volume ◽

Total Plasma Protein ◽

Before And After

Dialysis-induced hypovolemia occurs because the rate of extracorporeal ultrafiltration exceeds the rate of refilling of the blood compartment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a method for calculating circulating blood volume (BV) during hemodialysis (HD) from changes in hematocrit (Hct) shortly (2 to 10 min) before and after ultrafiltration (UF) was abruptly stopped. Hct was monitored continuously during 93 HD treatment sessions in 16 patients by an optical technique and at selected times by centrifugation of blood samples. Total plasma protein and albumin concentrations were also measured at selected times. Continuously monitored Hct correlated with Hct determined by centrifugation (R = 0.89, N = 579). Relative changes in BV determined by continuously monitored Hct were not different from those determined by total plasma protein concentration (P = 0.05; N = 273). Calculated BV at the start of dialysis (4.1 +/- 1.3 L) was not different (P = 0.18, N = 12) from that derived anthropometrically from the patient's dry weight (4.6 +/- 0.8 L), and calculated BV when UF was stopped was 3.2 +/- 0.5 L (46 +/- 7 ml/kg body wt). These latter estimates of BV are consistent with those determined previously by dilution techniques in HD patients. It was concluded that (1) relative changes in BV assessed by continuously monitored Hct were unbiased and (2) BV can be determined noninvasively during HD by continuously monitoring Hct and temporarily stopping UF.

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