Biogeochemical indicators to evaluate pollutant removal efficiency in constructed wetlands

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Biogeochemical Indicators ◽  
Pollutant Removal Efficiency

scholarly journals Analysis of potential of Napier grass, Vetiver and Equisetum plants for the treatment of domestic greywater using box-type constructed wetlands

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sijimol MR ◽  
Mansa ML ◽  
Sabu Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Napier Grass ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Vetiveria Zizanioides ◽  
Equisetum Hyemale ◽  
Global Concern ◽  
Pollutant Removal Efficiency

Abstract The management of wastewater generated as a byproduct of various human activities from agricultural, industrial, and domestic sectors is a matter of global concern today. Greywater is a class of wastewater generated from the domestic sector. Greywater management can be done effectively by treating greywater at the source itself. In this context, constructed wetlands (CWs) come handy with low-tech, environmental, and economic-friendly options. In the present study, box-type horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands were designed and the efficiency of Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum), Vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides), and Equisetum (Equisetum hyemale) were assessed in treating domestic greywater. There was a drastic significant increase in DO with 47.0% in Vetiver, 92.5% in Napier grass, and 97.2% in Equisetum. The average percent pollutant removal of some major parameters was 92.4% for turbidity, 92.7% for acidity, 81.3% for BOD, 91.0% for COD with Napier grass. In the case of Vetiver, the removal percent was 82.5% turbidity, 87.9% acidity, 81.8% BOD, and 92.9% COD. For Equisetum, the average pollutant removal efficiency varied with 94.6% turbidity, 91.4% acidity, 80.0% BOD, and 88.1%COD. The study thus proves the efficiency of all the three plants to be used in box-type constructed wetlands.

Artificial aeration to increase pollutant removal efficiency of constructed wetlands in cold climate

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudiane Ouellet-Plamondon ◽  
Florent Chazarenc ◽  
Yves Comeau ◽  
Jacques Brisson
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Artificial Aeration ◽  
Pollutant Removal Efficiency

Biogeochemical indicators to evaluate pollutant removal efficiency in constructed wetlands

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Reddy ◽  
E. M. D'Angelo
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Alkaline Soils ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Wetland Treatment ◽  
Biogeochemical Indicators

Wetlands support several aerobic and anaerobic biogeochemical processes that regulate removal/retention of pollutants, which has encouraged the intentional use of wetlands for pollutant abatement. The purpose of this paper is to present a brief review of key processes regulating pollutant removal and identify potential indicators that can be measured to evaluate treatment efficiency. Carbon and toxic organic compound removal efficiency can be determined by measuring soil or water oxygen demand, microbial biomass, soil Eh and pH. Similarly, nitrate removal can be predicted by dissolved organic C and microbial biomass. Phosphorus retention can be described by the availability of reactive Fe and Al in acid soils and Ca and Mg in alkaline soils. Relationships between soil processes and indicators are useful tools to transfer mechanistic information between diverse types of wetland treatment systems.

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