P.7.b.002 Executive function deficits in children with combined type of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Background.Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is among the most commonly diagnosed mental disorders in childhood and is associated with substantial deficits in executive functioning and lost academic and occupational attainment. This study evaluates symptoms of ADHD and their association with neurocognitive deficits in a cohort of rural Ugandan children who were born to HIV-infected mothers.Methods.We assessed ADHD symptoms and executive function (including memory and attention) in a non-clinical sample of children born to HIV-infected mothers in rural eastern Uganda. Analyses included assessments of the psychometric properties, factor structure, and convergent and discriminant validity of the ADHD measure (ADHD-Rating Scale-IV); and executive function deficits in children meeting symptom criteria for ADHD.Results.232 children [54% female; mean age 7.8 years (s.d. 2.0)] were assessed for ADHD and executive function deficits. The ADHD measure showed good internal consistency (α = 0.85.) Confirmatory factor analysis showed an acceptable fit for the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5) two-factor model. Subjects meeting DSM-5 symptom criteria for ADHD had worse parent-rated executive function on six out of seven subscales.Conclusions.Our results demonstrate structural validity of the ADHD measure with this population, strong associations between ADHD symptom severity and poorer executive function, and higher levels of executive function problems in perinatally HIV-exposed Ugandan children with ADHD. These findings suggest that ADHD may be an important neurocognitive disorder associated with executive function problems among children in sub-Saharan African settings where perinatal HIV exposure is common.

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6.27 Executive Function Deficits in Boys With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Contribute to Parenting Stress

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.jaac.2017.09.372 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 56 (10) ◽

pp. S285

Author(s):

Mengyao Li ◽

Yasong Du ◽

Yan Li ◽

Wenqing Jiang

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Executive Function ◽

Parenting Stress ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Executive Function Deficits

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Executive Function Deficits in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Improvement with Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate in an Open-Label Study

Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology ◽

10.1089/cap.2009.0110 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 20 (6) ◽

pp. 503-511 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Atilla Turgay ◽

Lawrence Ginsberg ◽

Elias Sarkis ◽

Rakesh Jain ◽

Ben Adeyi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Executive Function ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Open Label ◽

Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate ◽

Open Label Study ◽

Label Study ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Executive Function Deficits

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Executive function deficits in autism spectrum disorders and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Examining profiles across domains and ages

Brain and Cognition ◽

10.1016/j.bandc.2006.03.004 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

pp. 25-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 359

Author(s):

Francesca Happé ◽

Rhonda Booth ◽

Rebecca Charlton ◽

Claire Hughes

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽

Executive Function ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Spectrum Disorders ◽

Executive Function Deficits

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Executive function and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: stimulant medication and better executive function performance in children

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291799008338 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 527-538 ◽

Cited By ~ 240

Author(s):

S. KEMPTON ◽

A. VANCE ◽

P. MARUFF ◽

E. LUK ◽

J. COSTIN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Executive Function ◽

Recognition Memory ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Spatial Working Memory ◽

Stimulant Medication ◽

Children With Adhd ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Spatial Recognition ◽

Executive Function Deficits

Background. Executive function deficits have been reported repeatedly in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Stimulant medication has been shown to be effective in improving cognitive performance on most executive function tasks, but neuropsychological tests of executive function in this population have yielded inconsistent results. Methodological limitations may explain these inconsistencies. This study aimed to measure executive function in medicated and non-medicated children with ADHD by using a computerized battery, the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB), which is sensitive to executive function deficits in older patients with frontostriatal neurological impairments.Methods. Executive function was assessed in 30 children with ADHD: 15 were stimulant medication naïve and 15 were treated with stimulant medication. These two groups were compared to 15 age, sex and IQ matched controls.Results. The unmedicated children with ADHD displayed specific cognitive impairments on executive function tasks of spatial short-term memory, spatial working memory, set-shifting ability and planning ability. Impairments were also seen on spatial recognition memory and delayed matching to sample, while pattern recognition memory remained intact. The medicated children with ADHD were not impaired on any of the above executive function tasks except for deficits in spatial recognition memory.Conclusions. ADHD is associated with deficits in executive function. Stimulant medication is associated with better executive function performance. Prospective follow-up studies are required to examine these effects.

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