International Trade Theories and the Adaptation Process to Structural Change in a Planned Economy

1986 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
V. Benáček
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Structural Change ◽  
Adaptation Process ◽  
Planned Economy

Export Upgrading and the Extent of Structural Change in Tax Revenue in Developing Countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sèna Kimm Gnangnon
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Structural Change ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Export Diversification ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

This article examines the relevance of export-upgrading strategy (export quality improvement and export diversification) in developing countries for the structural change in tax revenue (trade tax revenue versus domestic tax revenue). The empirical analysis suggests that the lower the degree of export upgrading (higher export concentration or low quality of export products) the higher the extent of structural change in tax revenue, that is, a tax transition reform. In the meantime, the effect of export upgrading on the extent of structural change in tax revenue appears to be conditioned on the degree of countries’ openness to international trade. JEL Classification: H1, F14, O1

Agricultural Trade and Structural Change: Evidence from Paraguay

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Blanco
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Structural Change ◽  
Growth Model ◽  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Agricultural Exports ◽  
Foreign Demand ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Sectoral Composition

Abstract We study how international trade affects structural change in an agricultural exporting country. For this purpose, we calibrate a three-sector growth model to quantify the role of international trade in explaining structural change patterns observed in Paraguay. This country experienced a significant rise in net agricultural exports as a percentage of aggregate output during the period 1962–2012. We find the following results. First, international trade is crucial to explain the sectoral composition of employment in this country. The model including trade explains 84.2% of observed changes in employment shares during this period, while the model without trade can only account for 35.6% of observed changes. Second, employment in agriculture remains large in order to satisfy foreign demand. Third, employment shifts directly from agriculture into services in the long run, bypassing manufacturing. These patterns can only be explained by the rise in net agricultural exports.

Do International Tourism, Structural Changes, Trade Openness and Economic Growth Matter in determining CO2 emissions in Pakistan?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wajahat Alia ◽  
Farah Sadiqb ◽  
Tafazal Kumail ◽  
As’ad Aburumman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Structural Change ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Long Run ◽  
International Tourist

The present study investigates the role of international tourist arrivals, structural change, consumption of energy, international trade and economic growth on CO2 emissions in Pakistan over a period of 1980-2017. The study employed ARDL model which revealed that there is a strong positive long-run association between CO2 emission and its determinants except for structural changes and trade which have no significant impact on CO2 emissions. Results reveal that tourism activities in Pakistan are environment friendly and it can add to preserve the scenic areas and major visitors spots in the country to attract more visitors to increase the revenue of the country. The study further applied Granger causality test and ratifies unidirectional causality from structural change, international tourist arrivals and consumption of energy towards CO2 except from international trade. Moreover, this study employed DOLS technique to get long-run robust estimates.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document