CONGRUENCE OF SYMMETRIC INNER PRODUCTS OVER FINITE COMMUTATIVE RINGS OF ODD CHARACTERISTIC

2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-397
Author(s):  
SONGPON SRIWONGSA
Keyword(s):  
Commutative Ring ◽  
Local Ring ◽  
Finite Rank ◽  
Congruence Class ◽  
Commutative Rings ◽  
Inner Products ◽  
Finite Local Ring ◽  
Finite Commutative Ring ◽  
Finite Commutative Rings

Let $R$ be a finite commutative ring of odd characteristic and let $V$ be a free $R$-module of finite rank. We classify symmetric inner products defined on $V$ up to congruence and find the number of such symmetric inner products. Additionally, if $R$ is a finite local ring, the number of congruent symmetric inner products defined on $V$ in each congruence class is determined.

On zero-divisor graphs of commutative rings without identity

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 2050226 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kalaimurugan ◽  
P. Vignesh ◽  
T. Tamizh Chelvam
Keyword(s):  
Commutative Ring ◽  
Zero Divisor ◽  
Commutative Rings ◽  
Zero Divisor Graph ◽  
Finite Commutative Ring ◽  
Free Order ◽  
Finite Commutative Rings

Let [Formula: see text] be a finite commutative ring without identity. In this paper, we characterize all finite commutative rings without identity, whose zero-divisor graphs are unicyclic, claw-free and tree. Also, we obtain all finite commutative rings without identity and of cube-free order for which the corresponding zero-divisor graph is toroidal.

Unitary homogeneous bi-Cayley graphs over finite commutative rings

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (09) ◽  
pp. 2050173
Author(s):  
Xiaogang Liu ◽  
Chengxin Yan
Keyword(s):  
Commutative Ring ◽  
Cayley Graph ◽  
Line Graph ◽  
Cayley Graphs ◽  
Commutative Rings ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient Condition ◽  
Finite Commutative Ring ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Finite Commutative Rings

Let [Formula: see text] denote the unitary homogeneous bi-Cayley graph over a finite commutative ring [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we determine the energy of [Formula: see text] and that of its complement and line graph, and characterize when such graphs are hyperenergetic. We also give a necessary and sufficient condition for [Formula: see text] (respectively, the complement of [Formula: see text], the line graph of [Formula: see text]) to be Ramanujan.

Finite commutative ring with genus two essential graph

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (07) ◽  
pp. 1850121
Author(s):  
K. Selvakumar ◽  
M. Subajini ◽  
M. J. Nikmehr
Keyword(s):  
Commutative Ring ◽  
Commutative Rings ◽  
Zero Divisors ◽  
Essential Ideal ◽  
Vertex Set ◽  
Finite Commutative Ring ◽  
Genus Two ◽  
Finite Commutative Rings

Let [Formula: see text] be a commutative ring with identity and let [Formula: see text] be the set of zero-divisors of [Formula: see text]. The essential graph of [Formula: see text] is defined as the graph [Formula: see text] with the vertex set [Formula: see text] and two distinct vertices [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are adjacent if and only if [Formula: see text] is an essential ideal. In this paper, we classify all finite commutative rings with identity for which the genus of [Formula: see text] is two.

PLANAR, OUTERPLANAR, AND RING GRAPH OF THE COZERO-DIVISOR GRAPH OF A FINITE COMMUTATIVE RING

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (06) ◽  
pp. 1250103 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOJGAN AFKHAMI ◽  
KAZEM KHASHYARMANESH
Keyword(s):  
Commutative Ring ◽  
Commutative Rings ◽  
Vertex Set ◽  
Finite Commutative Ring ◽  
Ring Graph ◽  
Nonzero Identity ◽  
Finite Commutative Rings

Let R be a commutative ring with nonzero identity. The cozero-divisor graph of R, denoted by Γ′(R), is a graph with vertex-set W*(R), which is the set of all nonzero and non-unit elements of R, and two distinct vertices a and b in W*(R) are adjacent if and only if a ∉ Rb and b ∉ Ra. In this paper, we characterize all finite commutative rings R such that Γ′(R) is planar, outerplanar or ring graph.

On the symmetric digraphs from the kth power mapping on finite commutative rings

2015 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. 1450064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guixin Deng ◽  
Lawrence Somer
Keyword(s):  
Positive Integer ◽  
Commutative Ring ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Commutative Rings ◽  
Connected Components ◽  
Directed Edge ◽  
Finite Commutative Ring ◽  
Power Mapping ◽  
Factor G ◽  
Finite Commutative Rings

For a finite commutative ring R and a positive integer k, let G(R, k) denote the digraph whose set of vertices is R and for which there is a directed edge from a to ak. The digraph G(R, k) is called symmetric of order M if its set of connected components can be partitioned into subsets of size M with each subset containing M isomorphic components. We primarily aim to factor G(R, k) into the product of its subdigraphs. If the characteristic of R is a prime p, we obtain several sufficient conditions for G(R, k) to be symmetric of order M.

The Square Mapping Graphs of Finite Commutative Rings

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (03) ◽  
pp. 569-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangjiang Wei ◽  
Gaohua Tang ◽  
Huadong Su
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Points ◽  
Commutative Ring ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Commutative Rings ◽  
Directed Edge ◽  
Induced Subgraph ◽  
Zero Divisors ◽  
Finite Commutative Ring ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Finite Commutative Rings

For a finite commutative ring R, the square mapping graph of R is a directed graph Γ(R) whose set of vertices is all the elements of R and for which there is a directed edge from a to b if and only if a2=b. We establish necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of isolated fixed points, and the cycles with length greater than 1 in Γ(R). We also examine when the induced subgraph on the set of zero-divisors of a local ring with odd characteristic is semiregular. Moreover, we completely determine the finite commutative rings whose square mapping graphs have exactly two, three or four components.

The probability that the multiplication of two ring elements is zero

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (03) ◽  
pp. 1850054 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Esmkhani ◽  
S. M. Jafarian Amiri
Keyword(s):  
Commutative Ring ◽  
Local Ring ◽  
Minimum Value ◽  
Finite Commutative Ring ◽  
Ring Elements

Let [Formula: see text] be a finite commutative ring. We denote by [Formula: see text] the probability that the multiplication of two randomly chosen elements of [Formula: see text] is zero. In this paper, we show that either [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text] for any ring [Formula: see text] and determine all rings [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text]. Also, we obtain the structures of rings [Formula: see text] having maximum or minimum value of [Formula: see text] among all rings with identity of the same size. We characterize all rings [Formula: see text] with identity such that [Formula: see text]. Finally, we compute [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] is a PIR local ring.

THE INTERSECTION GRAPH OF GAMMA SETS IN THE TOTAL GRAPH OF A COMMUTATIVE RING-II

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (04) ◽  
pp. 1250199 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. ASIR ◽  
T. TAMIZH CHELVAM
Keyword(s):  
Commutative Ring ◽  
Independence Number ◽  
Clique Number ◽  
Commutative Rings ◽  
Intersection Graph ◽  
Vertex Connectivity ◽  
Total Graph ◽  
Graph Theoretic ◽  
Vertex Set ◽  
Finite Commutative Rings

The intersection graph ITΓ(R) of gamma sets in the total graph TΓ(R) of a commutative ring R, is the undirected graph with vertex set as the collection of all γ-sets in the total graph of R and two distinct vertices u and v are adjacent if and only if u ∩ v ≠ ∅. Tamizh Chelvam and Asir [The intersection graph of gamma sets in the total graph I, to appear in J. Algebra Appl.] studied about ITΓ(R) where R is a commutative Artin ring. In this paper, we continue our interest on ITΓ(R) and actually we study about Eulerian, Hamiltonian and pancyclic nature of ITΓ(R). Further, we focus on certain graph theoretic parameters of ITΓ(R) like the independence number, the clique number and the connectivity of ITΓ(R). Also, we obtain both vertex and edge chromatic numbers of ITΓ(R). In fact, it is proved that if R is a finite commutative ring, then χ(ITΓ(R)) = ω(ITΓ(R)). Having proved that ITΓ(R) is weakly perfect for all finite commutative rings, we further characterize all finite commutative rings for which ITΓ(R) is perfect. In this sequel, we characterize all commutative Artin rings for which ITΓ(R) is of class one (i.e. χ′(ITΓ(R)) = Δ(ITΓ(R))). Finally, it is proved that the vertex connectivity and edge connectivity of ITΓ(R) are equal to the degree of any vertex in ITΓ(R).

ON RINGS R WHOSE GRAPHS Γ(R) SATISFY CONDITION (Kp)

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (04) ◽  
pp. 665-674
Author(s):  
LI CHEN ◽  
TONGSUO WU
Keyword(s):  
Prime Number ◽  
Commutative Ring ◽  
Complete Graph ◽  
Zero Divisor ◽  
Commutative Rings ◽  
Satisfy Condition ◽  
Induced Subgraph ◽  
Zero Divisor Graph ◽  
Ring Graph ◽  
Finite Commutative Rings

Let p be a prime number. Let G = Γ(R) be a ring graph, i.e. the zero-divisor graph of a commutative ring R. For an induced subgraph H of G, let CG(H) = {z ∈ V(G) ∣N(z) = V(H)}. Assume that in the graph G there exists an induced subgraph H which is isomorphic to the complete graph Kp-1, a vertex c ∈ CG(H), and a vertex z such that d(c, z) = 3. In this paper, we characterize the finite commutative rings R whose graphs G = Γ(R) have this property (called condition (Kp)).

Orthogonal decompositions of Lie algebras over finite commutative rings

2021 ◽  
pp. 2350006
Author(s):  
Songpon Sriwongsa
Keyword(s):  
Commutative Ring ◽  
Lie Algebra ◽  
Lie Algebras ◽  
Commutative Rings ◽  
Orthogonal Decomposition ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Special Linear ◽  
Orthogonal Lie Algebra ◽  
Orthogonal Decompositions ◽  
Finite Commutative Ring

Let [Formula: see text] be a finite commutative ring with identity. In this paper, we give a necessary condition for the existence of an orthogonal decomposition of the special linear Lie algebra over [Formula: see text]. Additionally, we study orthogonal decompositions of the symplectic Lie algebra and the special orthogonal Lie algebra over [Formula: see text].

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