Cochlear implantation in children with Jervell, Lange-Nielsen syndrome

2007 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Daneshi ◽  
M M Ghassemi ◽  
M Talee ◽  
S Hassanzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Deaf Children ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Profound Hearing Loss ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Retrospective Case Study ◽  
Term Performance

AbstractJervell, Lange-Nielsen syndrome is a condition that causes profound hearing loss and disruption of the normal cardiac rhythm. This disorder is a form of long QT syndrome, a cardiac disorder that causes the cardiac muscle to take longer than usual to recharge between beats. A retrospective case study was performed to document cochlear implantation in three profoundly deaf children (two of them siblings) with Jervell, Lange-Nielsen syndrome. We discuss diagnosis and management of this syndrome and also the long-term performance of cochlear implantation in these Iranian patients, referring especially to the role of the ENT specialist in diagnosis and treatment. The collected data show that cochlear implantation can be relatively safely performed in patients with Jervell, Lange-Nielsen syndrome and that these children received significant benefit from cochlear implantation.

scholarly journals Demonstration, extension, and refinement of the re-proposed notion of design abduction

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-297
Author(s):  
Lauri Koskela ◽  
Ehud Kroll
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Design Reasoning ◽  
Retrospective Case Study ◽  
New Hypothesis

AbstractThe original ideas on design abduction, inspired by treatments in philosophy of science, had a narrow conception on how novelty emerges in design, when looked at in terms of logic. The authors have previously presented a re-proposed notion of abduction in design, taking the differences between science and design into account. Now, in this article, the invention of the airplane by the Wright brothers is analyzed as a retrospective case study. Key parts of the re-proposed notion of design abduction are demonstrated, and two new types of design abduction are identified, namely strategic abduction and dynamic abduction. Perhaps even more importantly, a new hypothesis on the cognitive basis of design abduction is reached. While the importance of model-based abduction (and reasoning) is confirmed, the case also pinpoints the central role of verbalization and discussion in supporting design reasoning in general and especially abduction. All in all, it seems that an improved understanding of design abduction and its cognitive basis would be instrumental in promoting more effective and efficient designing.

The Role of Cement in the Long Term Performance and Premature Failure of Charnley Low Friction Arthroplasties

1986 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
G H Isaac ◽  
J R Atkinson ◽  
D Dowson ◽  
B M Wroblewski
Keyword(s):  
Premature Failure ◽  
Hip Prostheses ◽  
Acrylic Cement ◽  
A Value ◽  
Articulating Surface ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance

A number of polyethylene acetabular cups (59) and femoral stems (38) of Charnley hip prostheses were obtained following revision surgery and examined by scanning electron microscopy. In many cases, acrylic cement particles were embedded in the articulating surface of the cups. These particles caused surface pitting. The appearance of the articulating surfaces suggested that some cement had been present from the time of arthroplasty. In other cups there was evidence of cement ingress during the service life. Failure to use sufficient cement at arthroplasty resulted in cavities on the backs of the cups. Many femoral heads had become scratched in vivo, the surface roughness increasing from an initial value less than 0.02 μm Ra to a value on removal of 0.07 μm Ra. The increased roughness increases the amount of wear in the polyethylene sockets. Laboratory tests show that retrieved acrylic cement particles will scratch stainless steel, and it is our conclusion that entrapped cement will damage both components of the prosthesis and may cause premature failure.

scholarly journals Alkali-activated materials: the role of molecular-scale research and lessons from the energy transition to combat climate change

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 110-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire White
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Combat Climate Change ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
Alkali Activated

Alternative (i.e., non-Portland) cements, such as alkali-activated materials, have gained significant interest from the scientific community due to their proven CO2 savings compared with Portland cement together with known short-term performance properties. However, the concrete industry remains dominated by Portland cement-based concrete. This Letter explores the technical and non-technical hurdles preventing implementation of an alternative cement, such as alkali-activated materials, in the concrete industry and discusses how these hurdles can be overcome. Specifically, it is shown that certain technical hurdles, such as a lack of understanding how certain additives affect setting of alkali-activated materials (and Portland cement) and the absence of long-term in-field performance data of these sustainable cements, can be mitigated via the use of key molecular- and nano-scale experimental techniques to elucidate dominant material characteristics, including those that control long-term performance. In the second part of this Letter the concrete industry is compared and contrasted with the electricity generation industry, and specifically the transition from one dominant technology (i.e., coal) to a diverse array of energy sources including renewables. It is concluded that financial incentives and public advocacy (akin to advocacy for renewables in the energy sector) would significantly enhance uptake of alternative cements in the concrete industry.

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