Bony cochlear nerve canal and internal auditory canal measures predict cochlear nerve status

2017 ◽  
Vol 131 (8) ◽  
pp. 676-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Tahir ◽  
M D Bajin ◽  
G Atay ◽  
B Ö Mocan ◽  
L Sennaroğlu
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Internal Auditory Canal ◽  
Cochlear Nerve ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Canal Stenosis ◽  
Canal Diameter ◽  
Canal Atresia

AbstractObjectives:The bony cochlear nerve canal is the space between the fundus of the internal auditory canal and the base of the cochlear modiolus that carries cochlear nerve fibres. This study aimed to determine the distribution of bony labyrinth anomalies and cochlear nerve anomalies in patients with bony cochlear nerve canal and internal auditory canal atresia and stenosis, and then to compare the diameter of the bony cochlear nerve canal and internal auditory canal with cochlear nerve status.Methods:The study included 38 sensorineural hearing loss patients (59 ears) in whom the bony cochlear nerve canal diameter at the mid-modiolus was 1.5 mm or less. Atretic and stenotic bony cochlear nerve canals were examined separately, and internal auditory canals with a mid-point diameter of less than 2 mm were considered stenotic. Temporal bone computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans were reviewed to determine cochlear nerve status.Results:Cochlear hypoplasia was noted in 44 out of 59 ears (75 per cent) with a bony cochlear nerve canal diameter at the mid-modiolus of 1.5 mm or less. Approximately 33 per cent of ears with bony cochlear nerve canal stenosis also had a stenotic internal auditory canal and 84 per cent had a hypoplastic or aplastic cochlear nerve. All patients with bony cochlear nerve canal atresia had cochlear nerve deficiency. The cochlear nerve was hypoplastic or aplastic when the diameter of the bony cochlear nerve canal was less than 1.5 mm and the diameter of the internal auditory canal was less than 2 mm.Conclusion:The cochlear nerve may be aplastic or hypoplastic even if temporal bone computed tomography findings indicate a normal cochlea. If possible, patients scheduled to receive a cochlear implant should undergo both computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the temporal bone. The bony cochlear nerve canal and internal auditory canal are complementary structures, and both should be assessed to determine cochlear nerve status.

Giant cell reparative granuloma of the temporal bone successfully resected with preservation of hearing

2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (7) ◽  
pp. 716-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Takata ◽  
H Hidaka ◽  
K Ishida ◽  
T Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Hearing Preservation ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Giant Cell Reparative Granuloma ◽  
Total Resection ◽  
History Of

AbstractObjective:To describe a case of giant cell reparative granuloma of the temporal bone which extended into the middle-ear cavity, and which was successfully treated surgically via a transmastoid approach, with hearing preservation.Case:A 37-year-old man presented with a one-year history of right-sided hearing loss, complicated by a three-month history of otalgia and a sensation of aural fullness. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated an osteolytic tumour lesion in the right temporal bone. The diagnosis was confirmed by biopsy from the mastoid lesion.Investigation and intervention:Pure-tone audiometry, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were conducted, followed by total resection.Result:The giant cell reparative granuloma of the temporal bone was completely resected, with preservation of hearing.Conclusion:Although this patient's giant cell reparative granuloma of the temporal bone extended into the middle-ear cavity, total resection was achieved, with preservation of hearing. To the best of our knowledge, hearing preservation following resection of giant cell reparative granuloma of the temporal bone has not previously been reported.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging versus Computed Tomography in Temporal Bone Carcinoma: Radiological and Pathological Correlation

2014 ◽  
Vol 151 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. P215-P216
Author(s):  
Samuel A. Spear ◽  
Rahul Mehta ◽  
Neal Jackson ◽  
Yu-Lan Mary Ying ◽  
Daniel W. Nuss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Pathological Correlation

Magnetic resonance imaging versus computed tomography in pre-operative evaluation of cochlear implant candidates with congenital hearing loss

2002 ◽  
Vol 116 (10) ◽  
pp. 804-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Levent Sennaroglu ◽  
Isil Saatci ◽  
Ayse Aralasmak ◽  
Bulent Gursel ◽  
Ergin Turan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Internal Auditory Canal ◽  
Cochlear Nerve ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Congenital Hearing Loss ◽  
Resonance Imaging

Recent reports indicate that the cochlear nerve may be absent in some cases of congenital sensorineural hearing loss. The aim of this prospective study was to determine the incidence of cochlear nerve anomaly in cochlear implant candidates with congenital hearing loss using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Twenty-seven patients with congenital profound bilateral sensorineural hearing loss who were being evaluated for the cochlear implant procedure were studied.These patients had high-resolution computerized tomography (CT), through the petrous bone in axial sections. MRI examinations consisted of T1 and turbo spin echo (TSE) T2-weighted 3 mm axial images, and additional 3D Fourier Transform T2-weighted TSE sequences obtained on three different planes (axial, perpendicular and parallel to the internal auditory canal (IAC) i.e. oblique sagittal and coronal, respectively) for the purpose of cochlear nerve demonstration. Results showed that all of the 14 patients with normal CT of the temporal bone, had four distinct nerves in the distal part of the IAC on TSE-MRI. Thirteen patients demonstrated various bony malformations of the cochleovestibular system on CT. MRI revealed the absence of the cochleovestibular nerve in four patients where the IAC was very narrow or completely absent on CT. One patient with severe Mondini malformation who had an enlarged IAC demonstrated an isolated absent cochlear nerve.

Unilateral auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder: retrocochlear lesion in disguise?

2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (S1) ◽  
pp. S38-S44 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Mohammadi ◽  
P Walker ◽  
K Gardner-Berry
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Auditory Neuropathy ◽  
Cochlear Nerve ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Cochlear Nerve Aplasia ◽  
Brainstem Response

AbstractObjective:To investigate whether the aetiology for hearing impairment in neonates with unilateral auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder could be explained by structural abnormalities such as cochlear nerve aplasia, a cerebellopontine angle tumour or another identifiable lesion.Methods:In this prospective case series, 17 neonates were diagnosed with unilateral auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder on electrophysiological testing. Diagnostic audiology testing, including auditory brainstem response testing, was supplemented with computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging.Results:Ten of the neonates (59 per cent) showed evidence for cochlear nerve aplasia. Of the remaining seven, four were shown to have another abnormality of the temporal bone on imaging. Only three neonates (18 per cent) were not diagnosed with cochlear nerve aplasia or another lesion. Three computed tomography scans were reported as normal, but subsequent magnetic resonance imaging revealed cochlear nerve aplasia.Conclusion:Auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder as a unilateral condition mandates further investigation for a definitive diagnosis. This series demonstrates that most neonates with unilateral auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder had pathology as visualised on computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging scans. Magnetic resonance imaging is an appropriate first-line imaging modality.

Radiological findings in spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leaks of the temporal bone

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
T Hendriks ◽  
A Thompson ◽  
R Boeddinghaus ◽  
H E I Tan ◽  
J Kuthubutheen
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks ◽  
Temporal Bones ◽  
Fluid Leak

Abstract Background and objective Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leak of the temporal bone is an emerging clinical entity for which prompt and accurate diagnosis is difficult given the subtle signs and symptoms that patients present with. This study sought to describe the key temporal bone abnormalities in patients with spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leak. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted of adult patients with biochemically confirmed spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leak. Demographics and radiological features identified on computed tomography imaging of the temporal bones and/or magnetic resonance imaging were analysed. Results Sixty-one patients with spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leak were identified. Fifty-four patients (88.5 per cent) underwent both temporal bone computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Despite imaging revealing bilateral defects in over 75 per cent of the cohort, only two patients presented with bilateral spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leaks. Anterior tegmen mastoideum defects were most common, with an average size of 2.5 mm (range, 1–10 mm). Conclusion Temporal bone computed tomography is sensitive for the identification of defects when suspicion exists. In the setting of an opacified middle ear and/or mastoid, close examination of the skull base is crucial given that this fluid is potentially cerebrospinal fluid.

Computed tomography versus magnetic resonance imaging in paediatric cochlear implant assessment: a pilot study and our experience at Great Ormond Street Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (06) ◽  
pp. 529-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Kanona ◽  
K Stephenson ◽  
F D'Arco ◽  
K Rajput ◽  
L Cochrane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Street Hospital ◽  
Operative Assessment

AbstractBackgroundTo date, there is a lack of consensus regarding the use of both computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in the pre-operative assessment of cochlear implant candidates.MethodsTwenty-five patients underwent high-resolution computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. ‘Control scores’ describing the expected visualisation of specific features by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were established. An independent radiological review of all computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scan features was then compared to the control scores and the findings recorded.ResultsAgreement with control scores occurred in 83 per cent (20 out of 24) of computed tomography scans and 91 per cent (21 out of 23) of magnetic resonance imaging scans. Radiological abnormalities were demonstrated in 16 per cent of brain scans and 18 per cent of temporal bone investigations.ConclusionAssessment in the paediatric setting constitutes a special situation given the likelihood of congenital temporal bone abnormalities and associated co-morbidities that may be relevant to surgery and prognosis following cochlear implantation. Both computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging contribute valuable information and remain necessary in paediatric cochlear implant pre-operative assessment.

Paraganglioma of the Temporal Bone: Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging versus Computed Tomography

2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samir E. Noujaim ◽  
Mandar A. Pattekar ◽  
Alexander Cacciarelli ◽  
William P. Sanders ◽  
Ay-Ming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Resonance Imaging
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