Feeding of small whiting (Merlangius merlangus) in the central and southern North Sea

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 957-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Singh-Renton ◽  
P.J. Bromley
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Crangon Crangon ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Invertebrate Prey ◽  
Southern North Sea ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Merlangius Merlangus

The stomach contents of 899 whiting, Merlangius merlangus (Pisces: Gadidae), from the central and southern North Sea, were analysed. Crustacea and fish comprised 90% on average by weight of the food observed. Crustacean prey sizes usually ranged from 0.2 to 0.6 g. The mean daily consumption of a common invertebrate prey, Crangon crangon, was estimated to be 0.1 g for a whiting weighing 150 g.

scholarly journals The fecundity of the herring of the southern North Sea

1940 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 619-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. Hickling
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Fourth Power ◽  
Southern North Sea ◽  
The Mean

The number of eggs produced by the herrings of the East Anglian shoals increases with the length of the fish at a rate equal to the 3·465 power of the length, and with the age of the fish to the 0·66 power of the age. This fecundity is compared with that found in other races of herrings.The number of eggs produced is closely correlated with the mean weight of the ovary, and it is found that the weight of the ovary increases with length at a rate equal to the fourth power of the length, and that a slightly higher rate applies to the testis.The weight of the gutted fish, however, increases in relation to the length at a much slower rate, namely, as the 2·3 power of the length in the males, and the 1·5 power of the length in the females.

Microplastic contamination in brown shrimp (Crangon crangon, Linnaeus 1758) from coastal waters of the Southern North Sea and Channel area

2015 ◽  
Vol 98 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 179-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa I. Devriese ◽  
Myra D. van der Meulen ◽  
Thomas Maes ◽  
Karen Bekaert ◽  
Ika Paul-Pont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Brown Shrimp ◽  
Crangon Crangon ◽  
Southern North Sea

scholarly journals On the phenology of North Sea ichthyoplankton

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 1216-1223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wulf Greve ◽  
Sabine Prinage ◽  
Heike Zidowitz ◽  
Jutta Nast ◽  
Frank Reiners
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Functional Relationship ◽  
Fish Larvae ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Sea Surface Temperatures ◽  
Helgoland Roads ◽  
Southern North Sea ◽  
Solea Solea ◽  
The Mean

Abstract The timing of fish larvae abundance was investigated at Helgoland Roads in the southern North Sea for the years 1990, 1993–1996, 1998, and 1999. From the 44 species identified, 27 were sufficiently abundant in more than 3 years and had well defined seasonal changes to calculate their phenology. The passage of the 15%, 50%, and 85% annual cumulative abundance thresholds was used to define the “start of season”, “middle of season”, and “end of season”, respectively. The timing of a significant number of these events was correlated with the mean annual winter sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in weeks 1–10 with higher temperatures leading to earlier appearance. The timing of the end of season was also negatively correlated with the SSTs. Sole (Solea solea) is presented as an example of the general functional relationship.

scholarly journals Not easy to catch: multiple covariates influence catch rates of brown shrimp (Crangon crangon L.), potentially affecting inferences drawn from catch and landings data

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 1318-1328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Friederike Schulte ◽  
Andreas Dänhardt ◽  
Marc Hufnagl ◽  
Volker Siegel ◽  
Werner Wosniok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Stock Assessment ◽  
Brown Shrimp ◽  
Catch Per Unit Effort ◽  
Crangon Crangon ◽  
Reproductive State ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Southern North Sea ◽  
Unit Effort ◽  
Catch Rates

Abstract Brown shrimps (Crangon crangon) occur in high densities in the southern North Sea and support a large, but so far unmanaged fishery with >500 vessels. Cohort-based stock assessment is not possible, and catch per unit effort from scientific surveys and commercial landings are the only variables collected. Landings per unit effort are currently used to approximate the state of stock and to trigger catch restrictions, but, although decisive in interpreting unit catches or landings, factors affecting catch rates are rarely understood. Using data from two long-term (1997–2010) scientific surveys conducted in autumn and winter, respectively, in the southern North Sea and from a vertically resolving stow net deployed at two stations in the German Wadden Sea (2005–2007), we investigate the effects of season, reproductive state, size, tidal state, daylight, and water depth on catch rates of brown shrimp. Log-linear random intercept models revealed an influence of all factors examined on the catch rate. Depth had a clear effect on the composition of size and reproductive state, supporting the hypothesis that brown shrimp utilize selective tidal stream transport to migrate to depths preferred during certain periods within their life cycle. The vertical distribution of brown shrimp across the water column revealed that on average two thirds to three quarters of the brown shrimps were located above reach of the standard shrimp catching gear. Our findings indicate that multiple factors and interactions affect catch rates of brown shrimp and, thus, need to be accounted for when interpreting unit catches or landings for management purposes. We suggest that brown shrimps are not primarily demersal, and that stock size estimates solely relying on beam trawl data may underestimate the true density of shrimps per area.

The benthos and fish of offshore sandbank habitats in the southern North Sea

2010 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 1319-1335 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. Ellis ◽  
T. Maxwell ◽  
M. Schratzberger ◽  
S.I. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Dynamic Environment ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Restricted Range ◽  
Crangon Crangon ◽  
Life History Stages ◽  
Southern North Sea ◽  
Deposit Feeding

Meiofauna, macro-infauna and epifauna were sampled at two offshore sandbanks in the southern North Sea in 2006. The epifaunal and infaunal communities in the dynamic environment of the sandbank crests were species poor, with lesser weever, solenette,Crangon crangon, amphipods and deposit-feeding polychaetes the predominant benthic taxa. Abundant early life-history stages (24–39 mm) of the lesser weeverEchiichthys viperaon the sandbank crests indicated that these habitats may be important nursery grounds for this species. Species diversity of infauna and epifauna was greater in the deeper waters parallel to the sandbanks. Contrasting patterns were evident for meiofaunal nematodes, where communities collected on the sandbank crests were more diverse than those recorded in the deeper off-bank sites. The fauna of sandbank crests is composed of a restricted range of the fauna typically associated with sandy habitats, particularly taxa adapted to live in this dynamic environment.

scholarly journals Integrating disparate datasets to model the functional response of a marine predator: a case study of harbour porpoises in the southern North Sea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janneke Ransijn ◽  
Phillip Hammond ◽  
Mardik Leopold ◽  
Signe Sveegaard ◽  
Sophie Smout
Keyword(s):  
Functional Response ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Prey Species ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Prey Consumption ◽  
Predator Species ◽  
Marine Predator ◽  
Southern North Sea ◽  
Foraging Range

1. Quantifying consumption and prey choice for marine predator species is key to understanding their interaction with prey species, fisheries, and the ecosystem as a whole. However, parameterising a functional response for large predators can be challenging because of the difficulty in obtaining the required datasets on predator diet and the availability of multiple prey species. 2. This study modelled a Multi-Species Functional Response (MSFR) to describe the relationship between consumption by harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) and the availability of multiple prey species in the southern North Sea. Bayesian methodology was employed to estimate MSFR parameters and to incorporate uncertainties in diet and prey availability estimates. Prey consumption was estimated from stomach contents data of stranded harbour porpoises. Prey availability to harbour porpoises was estimated based on the spatial overlap between prey distributions, estimated from fish survey data, and porpoise foraging range in the days prior to stranding predicted from telemetry data. 3. Results indicated a strong preference for sandeel in the study area. Prey switching behaviour (change in preference dependent on prey abundance) was confirmed by the favoured Type III functional response model. Variation in the size of the foraging range (estimated area where harbour porpoises could have foraged prior to stranding) did not alter the overall pattern of the results or conclusions. 4. Integrating datasets on prey consumption from strandings, predator foraging distribution using telemetry and prey availability from fish surveys into the modelling approach provides a methodological framework that may be appropriate for fitting MSFRs for other predators.

The population zoogeography of the common shrimp (Crangon crangon) in British waters

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.A. Henderson ◽  
R. Seaby ◽  
S.J. Marsh
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
English Channel ◽  
Crangon Crangon ◽  
Southern North Sea ◽  
Planktonic Larvae ◽  
The Common ◽  
Bodies Of Water

The population structure of the common shrimp Crangon crangon (L.) in British waters is investigated. Samples were collected from 31 sites along the coasts of England, Wales, Holland, Belgium and France. Using a morphometric analysis it is concluded that English and Welsh waters hold six distinct populations. Animals belonging to the same population are found on the opposing English and continental coasts in the southern North Sea and English Channel which indicates that the avoidance of offshore waters is not isolating the shrimps. The boundaries between the populations are found to correspond with the boundaries between major plankton assemblages. It is suggested that the populations are isolated by the reduced dispersal of the planktonic larvae across fronts where bodies of water with different physical properties meet but incompletely mix.

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