Chronological list of expeditions and historical events in northern Canada. XI. 1902–09

Polar Record ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 16 (105) ◽  
pp. 827-846
Author(s):  
Alan Cooke ◽  
Clive Holland
Keyword(s):  
National Museum ◽  
Human History ◽  
Hudson's Bay Company ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Northern Canada ◽  
Full Publication ◽  
Regional Index ◽  
The Many ◽  
Termination Date ◽  
Hudson’S Bay Company

With this instalment, we conclude our presentation of expeditions and historical events in northern Canada. Although we end here at about 1909, we have compiled the list up to 1920, a termination date chosen because the introduction of aircraft to northern Canada at about that time brought very many more persons into the region, and the list, to be continued after that date, would have to be conducted on different principles. We have presented these instalments in Polar Record as a means of preliminary publication, hoping that such appearance would elicit corrections and additions from readers before our work is published in full, not only with the entries seen in these pages, but also with an extensive roster of the names of persons associated with the expeditions described, a list of ships, a topical and regional index, and a supporting bibliography for each entry. Discussion is now going forward with officers of the Human History Division, National Museum of Man, Ottawa, the department that has financed this work, about full publication. We should like to take this opportunity to thank the National Museum of Man for its support, to acknowledge the permission of the Governor and Committee of the Hudson's Bay Company, whose archives we have used, to include hitherto unpublished dates and facts, and to say that we have greatly enjoyed the work of compiling this list and have especially enjoyed corresponding with the many persons who have written to us about it.

Chronological list of expeditions and historical events in northern Canada. V. 1790–1821

Polar Record ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 15 (99) ◽  
pp. 893-920
Author(s):  
Alan Cooke ◽  
Clive Holland
Keyword(s):  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Hudson's Bay Company ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Northern Canada ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Rupert's Land ◽  
New Policies ◽  
Hudson’S Bay Company

During the period covered by this instalment of our list, the accomplishments of the North West Company, both in geographical exploration and in the realization of profits were great. It consolidated its position in the fur-rich Athabasca district and, with a few posts along Mackenzie River, began to draw in the furs of that immense territory. Its traders invaded not only the western part of Rupert's Land but even Hudson Bay itself. The Hudson's Bay Company rose only slowly to the challenge of its formidable rival, but, gradually, it began to adopt new policies and new techniques and to meet the North West Company on its own grounds and on its own terms. Finally, after a bitter struggle that was almost the destruction of both companies, the Hudson's Bay Company, in 1821, effectively absorbed the North West Company in a coalition that gave the older company greater strength than ever and a wider monopoly than Prince Rupert had thought of.

John Rae (1813–93): Explorer of the Canadian Arctic, the great pedestrian

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 206-208
Author(s):  
Brian Loosmore
Keyword(s):  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Chief Factor ◽  
Eastern Shore ◽  
Hudson's Bay Company ◽  
Northern Canada ◽  
Orkney Islands ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Hudson’S Bay Company

Born and raised in the Orkney Islands, Dr John Rae joined the Hudson's Bay Company and rose to be Chief Factor. Unusually tough and intelligent, he explored much of northern Canada, mapping the north eastern shore and finding controversial evidence of the lost Franklin expedition of 1845. A talented botanist, geologist, anthropologist and cartographer, he was northern Canada's most distinguished explorer.

Chronological list of expeditions and historical events in northern Canada. IV. 1763–89

Polar Record ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 15 (98) ◽  
pp. 699-721
Author(s):  
Alan Cooke ◽  
Clive Holland
Keyword(s):  
The Arctic ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Minor Importance ◽  
Hudson's Bay Company ◽  
Southern Boundary ◽  
Northern Canada ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Hudson’S Bay Company

If the Treaty of Paris in 1763 secured the Hudson's Bay Company in its monopoly of Rupert's Land, it also, by the Cession of Canada, opened to British enterprise the river-and-lake routes, discovered by the French, from Montreal to the fur-rich country west of Hudson Bay. This instalment of our list covers the years of the Montreal traders' expansion into the North-west, their crossing of the Arctic watershed into the fur trader's Eldorado, the Athabasca district, their organization into the Hudson's Bay Company's formidable rival, the North West Company, and concludes with the climax of their north-westward surge, Alexander Mackenzie's arrival at the Arctic Ocean in 1789. This activity obliged the Hudson's Bay Company to change its policy of waiting for the Indians to bring their furs to posts on Hudson Bay and made them push inland to compete for furs with the pedlars from Montreal. In the meantime, the Moravians had established missions on the coast of Labrador, searches for a North-west Passage were directed away from Hudson Bay to the Pacific coast of North America, the first scientific expedition was sent to Hudson Bay, and the Indians were decimated by smallpox. Toward the end of this instalment, we begin to draw our southern boundary of “northern Canada” both westward and northward and to omit many expeditions and events of peripheral or minor importance, such as activities south of Saskatchewan River, or of regular occurrence, such as annual voyages northward from Churchill.

Chronological list of expeditions and historical events in northern Canada: I. Early times to 1670

Polar Record ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 15 (95) ◽  
pp. 169-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Cooke ◽  
Clive Holland
Keyword(s):  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
National Museum ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Northern Canada ◽  
First Results ◽  
National Museums ◽  
Arctic Area

The following pages, the beginning of a series, are the first results of a chronological compilation of expeditions and historical events that will eventually embrace the entire Arctic and sub-Arctic area. We began work on the Canadian segment of the Northern Hemisphere in 1968, with financial support from the History Division of the National Museum of Man, a part of the National Museums of Canada in Ottawa. The History Division is allowing this form of preliminary publication of the work it has supported in the expectation of securing corrections and additions to it, thereby enhancing the usefulness and authority of the list in its final form. The Canadian list, when it is published in full, will carry bibliographical references to each expedition and event, an alphabetical roster of persons known to have participated in the expeditions listed, a roster of ships' names, and a regional and topical index.

Improving Nutrition at Hudson's Bay Company Northern Posts

Polar Record ◽  
1953 ◽  
Vol 6 (46) ◽  
pp. 740-742
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Chant Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Hudson's Bay Company ◽  
Northern Canada ◽  
Hudson’S Bay Company

Until about thirteen years ago managers of Hudson's Bay Company posts in northern Canada chose from their trading stocks whatever foods they required for their families and staffs. In many instances their choice did not provide well-balanced meals. The Company had at that time become concerned about the frequency of illness at northern posts. This occasionally necessitated special mercy flights to bring patients south for medical care. In 1939, therefore, the Company consulted the late Dr F. F. Tisdall, who invited three of his colleagues, Dr T. G. H. Drake, Dr J. H. Ebbs and Dr E. C. Robertson, to assist him in the task of improving nutrition at northern posts. S. H. Jackson later joined the group.

scholarly journals THE FREEZING OF INSECTS

1898 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 287-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry H. Lyman
Keyword(s):  
Hudson's Bay Company ◽  
Entomological Society ◽  
North West ◽  
Copper Mines ◽  
Hudson’S Bay Company

In the 22nd Report of the Entomological Society of Ontario, being that for 1891, there appeared a paper from my pen under the title “Can Insects Survive Freezing?”I have recently come across further records of observations upon this subject, and deem them of sufficient interest to be republished in the Canadian Entomologist.In looking over and interesting book of travels entitled “A Journey from Prince of Wales's Fort in Hudson's Bay to the Northern Ocean, undertaken by order of the Hudson's Bay Company for the discovery of copper mines, a north-west passage, etc., in the years 1769, 1770, 1771 and 1772, by Samuel Hearne,” published in 1796, I came across the following interesting notes on page 397

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