scholarly journals Veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder exhibit altered emotional processing and attentional control during an emotional Stroop task

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 2017-2027 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Khanna ◽  
A. S. Badura-Brack ◽  
T. J. McDermott ◽  
C. M. Embury ◽  
A. I. Wiesman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stroop Task ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Attention Allocation ◽  
Emotional Stroop ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Emotional Stroop Task ◽  
Post Traumatic

BackgroundPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is often associated with attention allocation and emotional regulation difficulties, but the brain dynamics underlying these deficits are unknown. The emotional Stroop task (EST) is an ideal means to monitor these difficulties, because participants are asked to attend to non-emotional aspects of the stimuli. In this study, we used magnetoencephalography (MEG) and the EST to monitor attention allocation and emotional regulation during the processing of emotionally charged stimuli in combat veterans with and without PTSD.MethodA total of 31 veterans with PTSD and 20 without PTSD performed the EST during MEG. Three categories of stimuli were used, including combat-related, generally threatening and neutral words. MEG data were imaged in the time-frequency domain and the network dynamics were probed for differences in processing threatening and non-threatening words.ResultsBehaviorally, veterans with PTSD were significantly slower in responding to combat-related relative to neutral and generally threatening words. Veterans without PTSD exhibited no significant differences in responding to the three different word types. Neurophysiologically, we found a significant three-way interaction between group, word type and time period across multiple brain regions. Follow-up testing indicated stronger theta-frequency (4–8 Hz) responses in the right ventral prefrontal (0.4–0.8 s) and superior temporal cortices (0.6–0.8 s) of veterans without PTSD compared with those with PTSD during the processing of combat-related words.ConclusionsOur data indicated that veterans with PTSD exhibited deficits in attention allocation and emotional regulation when processing trauma cues, while those without PTSD were able to regulate emotion by directing attention away from threat.

scholarly journals Post-traumatic stress disorder, emotional processing and Inappropriate Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Shocks: clinical consideration by a single case report

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo Compare ◽  
Domenico Del Forno ◽  
Edward Callus ◽  
Francesco Giallauria ◽  
Alessandra Vitelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Inappropriate Shocks ◽  
Post Traumatic

Introduction. Even though an overwhelming amount of evidence supports the clinical efficacy and safety of the implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), inappropriate shocks for atrial arrhythmias with rapid ventricular conduction or for abnormal sensing results in multiple adverse effects Presentation. In this study we present the case of a 59- year-old woman who was admitted to hospital for ICD implantation with a past medical history that was positive for non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy, congestive heart failure (NYHA class III), atrial fibrillation, essential hypertension and a recent episode of syncope. Since in the 18 months follow-up the patient suffered many inappropriate shocks, we investigated the association of the presence of a PTSD (Post- Traumatic-Stress-Disorder) prior to implantation and a specific profile of cognitive processing emotions, with the effectiveness of the ICD. Emotional distress states and cognitive thoughts preceding ICD shock inappropriate episode were recorded by structured mobile diary (eMotional-ICDiary©). We outlined how the presence of a highly traumatic event which had occurred 6 years previously was related to a recurrence of a combination of moderate distress and cognitive thoughts, associated with episodes of Inappropriate Shock. A psycho-diagnostic examination and the administration of the Emotional Processing Scale (EPS-25) and Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) outlined that the patient presented a profile of cognitive processing of emotions characterized by elevated levels of unprocessed emotions, low appraisal and high suppression emotional regulation strategy. Conclusion. The observations gathered in this single case are a good starting point for further research in order to check if the post-traumatic stress disorder and a specific cognitive profile connected to the processing of emotions are associated with the presence of inappropriate ICD shocks. Further larger sample studies are required in this area.

Co-occurring patterns of post-traumatic stress disorder and depression among flood victims: A latent profile analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 1543-1555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Zhen ◽  
Lijuan Quan ◽  
Xiao Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Male Victims ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

This study examined the co-occurring patterns of post-traumatic stress disorder and depression. A sample of 187 victims completed self-report questionnaires after a major flood disaster. Results indicated four classes: low symptoms group (49.7%), mild comorbid symptoms group (24.1%), serious comorbid symptoms group (3.2%), and medium comorbid symptoms group (23.0%). Male victims were less likely and older victims were more likely to belong to the medium comorbid symptoms group; victims with more serious trauma exposure and those using more maladaptive cognition emotional regulation strategies were more likely to belong to both the mild and medium comorbid symptoms groups.

scholarly journals Attention training normalises combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder effects on emotional Stroop performance using lexically matched word lists

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 1521-1528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya M. Khanna ◽  
Amy S. Badura-Brack ◽  
Timothy J. McDermott ◽  
Alex Shepherd ◽  
Elizabeth Heinrichs-Graham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Attention Training ◽  
Emotional Stroop ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Disorder Effects ◽  
Word Lists ◽  
Post Traumatic
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