Initial and Residual Herbicide Control of Crabgrass (Digitariaspp.) in Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) Turf

Weed Science ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 619-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Callahan ◽  
J. R. Overton ◽  
W. L. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Common Bermudagrass ◽  
Residual Herbicide ◽  
Large Crabgrass ◽  
Herbicide Control

Over 9 yr, bandane (polychlorodicyclopentadiene isomers) at 67 kg/ha, bensulide [O,O-diisopropyl phosphorodithioateS-ester withN-(2-mercaptoethyl)benzenesulfonamide] at 11 and 22 kg/ha, DCPA (dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate) at 22 kg/ha, and terbutol (2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-tolyl methylcarbamate) at 22 kg/ha applied preemergence controlled 94 to 100% of large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis(L.) Scop. # DIGSP] in a lawn of common bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon(L.) Pers. # CYNDA]. Control from benefin (N-butyl-N-ethyl-α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-p-toluidine) at 5 kg/ha, DCPA at 11 kg/ha, simazine [2-chloro-4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine] at 5 kg/ha, and terbutol at 11 kg/ha was 90 to 99%. Bandane and bensulide persisted in soil to control large crabgrass a year after treatment.

Sequential Herbicide Treatments for Large Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) and Goosegrass (Eleusine indica) Control in Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) Turf

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 674-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Jack Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
Common Bermudagrass ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Preemergence (PRE) and postemergence (POST) herbicides were sequentially applied to common bermudagrass over a two-year period to determine the lowest herbicide rates required to maintain acceptable large crabgrass and goosegrass control. Large crabgrass control was consistently higher in late August when MSMA at 2.2 kg ha−1was applied to plots previously treated with dithiopyr at 0.3 kg ha−1(99%) in 1991, and either pendimethalin at 1.1 kg ha−1(95%) or oxadiazon at 1.1 kg ha−1(94%) in 1992 than when either herbicide was applied alone (≤ 79%). Goosegrass control was also higher in late August when MSMA plus metribuzin at 2.0 + 0.14 kg ha−1was applied to plots treated with pendimethalin at 1.7 kg ha−1(71%) in 1991, with oxadiazon at ≤ 2.2 kg ha−1(≤ 89%) in 1992, and with dithiopyr at 0.4 kg ha−1(≤ 96%) both years than when the herbicides were applied alone. Diclofop at 1.1 kg ha−1applied alone as POST controlled ≥ 96% goosegrass throughout the two-year period.

scholarly journals Frequency of Drive (Quinclorac) Treatments on Common Bermudagrass Tolerance and on Large Crabgrass Control

1995 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-108
Author(s):  
B. Jack Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Common Bermudagrass ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Abstract When a postemergence (POST) herbicide is used to control large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.] in common bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.], the herbicide should maintain optimum weed control for 8 to 10 weeks without causing undesirable injury to the turfgrass. A field experiment was conducted during 1993 and 1994 to determine the lowest rate of Drive (quinclorac) needed to control large crabgrass without causing undesirable injury to bermudagrass turf. Drive (quinclorac) applied at 0.28 kg ai/ha (0.25 lb ai/A) initially in early May and repeated at the same rate at a 2-week interval, controlled 85% large crabgrass for 16 weeks in 1993 and 70% for 10 weeks in 1994. The control in 1994 was 96% for 17 weeks when the herbicide was applied at 0.28 kg ai/ha (0.25 lb ai/A) in each of three applications on May 2, May 29, and June 13. The maximum bermudagrass injury in 1993 from Drive (quinclorac) applied at 0.28 kg ai/ha (0.25 lb ai/A) in each of two applications at 2- to 4-week interval was ≤ 27% compared to ≥ 33% when ≥ 0.56 kg ai/ha (≥ 0.5 lb ai/A) was applied as a single application. Bermudagrass treated initially with Drive (quinclorac) at 0.28 kg ai/ha (0.25 lb ai/A) was injured higher in 1994 (≤ 35%) than in 1993 (≤ 14%). Bermudagrass injury was ≥ 40% when the second application was delayed until mid- to late June either year or when the herbicide was applied in three applications during May and June 1994.

Tank-Mixed Postemergence Herbicides for Large Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) and Goosegrass (Eleusine indica) Control in Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) Turf

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 716-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Jack Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Common Bermudagrass ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides ◽  
Large Crabgrass

A two-year experiment was conducted to determine if tank-mixes of postemergence (POST) herbicides would consistently control large crabgrass and goosegrass in common bermudagrass turf compared to herbicide alone treatments. Tank-mixes of MSMA plus quinclorac at 2.2 + 0.6 kg/ha effectively controlled large crabgrass (≥ 81%) for 10 to 11 weeks during 1993 and 1994. The control from MSMA plus dithiopyr at 2.2 + 0.3 kg/ha was higher during this period than when each herbicide was applied alone at the same rate. There was no increase in large crabgrass control from tank-mixes of MSMA and diclofop applied in a single application, when compared with two applications of MSMA applied at 2.2 kg/ha. Goosegrass control at 9 wk after tank-mixed treatments of MSMA (2.2 kg/ha) and diclofop (≥ 0.3 kg/ha) in 1994 was lower (12 to 28%) than when diclofop at 1.1 kg/ha was applied alone (85%). Tank-mixes of MSMA with quinclorac or dithiopyr did not control goosegrass. In general, common bermudagrass injury was no higher from herbicide combinations than when each was applied alone. An exception occurred at 1 wk after treatment in 1993 when common bermudagrass injury was higher from tank-mixes of MSMA plus diclofop at 2.2 + 1.1 kg/ha, than when either herbicide was applied alone.

Reduced herbicide rates for large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) and goosegrass (Eleusine indica) control in bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon)

Weed Science ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Jack Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Reduced Rate ◽  
Common Bermudagrass ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Five PRE herbicides were applied at below maximum registered use rates to the same bermudagrass turf plots for three consecutive years for large crabgrass and goosegrass control. In most instances, full labeled herbicide rates were needed for acceptable large crabgrass and goosegrass control during the 1st year of treatment. All herbicides controlled large crabgrass but not goosegrass during the 1st year. Weed management programs that utilized the lowest herbicide rates while maintaining ≥ 80% control during the 2nd and 3rd years varied with herbicides. The programs for large crabgrass were prodiamine at 0.8 kg ha−1the 1st year followed by 0.2 kg ha−1the 2nd and 3rd years; oryzalin at 2.2 kg ha−1the 1st year followed by 0.6 kg ha−1the 2nd and 3rd years; dithiopyr at 0.3 kg ha−1the 1st year followed by 0.1 kg ha−1the 2nd and 3rd years; pendimethalin at 1.7 kg ha−1the 1st year followed by 0.8 kg ha−1the 2nd and 3rd years; and oxadiazon at 3.4 kg hha−1the 1st year followed by 2.5 kg ha−1the 2nd year and 1.7 kg ha−1the 3rd year. The programs for goosegrass were prodiamine at 0.8 kg ha−1followed by 0.6 kg ha−1the 2nd and 0.4 kg ha−1the 3rd year; dithiopyr at 0.8 kg ha−1the 1st year followed by 0.4 kg ha−1the 2nd and 3rd years; pendimethalin at 3.4 kg ha−1the 1st year followed by 1.7 kg ha−1the 2nd year and 0.8 kg ha−1the 3rd year; and oxadiazon at 3.4 kg ha−1followed by 0.8 kg ha−1the 2nd and 3rd years. Because goosegrass control with oryzalin at reduced rates was unacceptable during the 1st and 2nd years, this herbicide should not be used in a reduced rate program. The quality of common bermudagrass was not affected by reduced herbicide rates.

Tank-Mixed Herbicides on Large Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) and Goosegrass (Eleusine indica) Control in Common Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) Turf

Weed Science ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Jack Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Combination Treatments ◽  
Common Bermudagrass ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Tank-mix combinations of PRE and POST herbicides were applied to control emerged large crabgrass and goosegrass in common bermudagrass turf. Large crabgrass control was better when MSMA at 2.2 kg ai ha-1was tank mixed with either pendimethalin at 1.7 kg ai ha-1(≤ 85%) or dithiopyr at 0.3 kg ai ha-1(≤ 94%), when compared with MSMA at 2.2 kg ai ha-1(≤ 50%) alone. When MSMA plus metribuzin at 2.2 + 0.14 kg ai ha-1was tank mixed with pendimethalin in 1992, large crabgrass control was better (≥ 96%) than when MSMA plus metribuzin was applied alone (≤ 73%). Quinclorac applied alone at 0.8 kg ai ha-1controlled ≥ 94% large crabgrass, but control with diclofop was 32%. There was no increase in control when either quinclorac or diclofop was tank mixed with any PRE herbicide. Methyl ester of diclofop applied alone at 1.1 kg ai ha-1provided 97% control of goosegrass at one location, but control was ≤ 62% at two other locations. Goosegrass control was better when diclofop at 1.1 kg ha-1was tank mixed with dithiopyr at 0.6 kg ha-1(≥ 77%) than when either diclofop (≤ 62%) or dithiopyr (≤ 50%) was applied alone. Goosegrass control was consistently better across years from combinations of dithiopyr plus diclofop at 0.6 + 1.1 kg ha-1(82%) than from combinations of MSMA plus metribuzin with dithiopyr (34%) or pendimethalin (53%). Common bermudagrass injury at Griffin-Spalding Golf Course in 1991 was higher at 1 wk after combination treatments of MSMA plus metribuzin with dithiopyr (46 to 54%) or pendimethalin (50%) than with MSMA plus metribuzin applied alone (26%). Injury from the combinations was higher from single MSMA plus metribuzin treatment for 4 wk. Similar results occurred at the Georgia Station in 1992 from combinations of dithiopyr with MSMA plus metribuzin.

Postemergence Control of Large Crabgrass and Goosegrass in Turf

Weed Science ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 404-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Optimum Time ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Repeated Applications ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid ◽  
Common Bermudagrass ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Single and repeated applications of MSMA (monosodium methanearsonate) with and without 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid], metribuzin [4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio)-as-triazine-5(4H)one], and methazole [2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazolidine-3,5-di-one] were evaluated for control of large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis L. Scop.) and goosegrass (Eleusine indica L. Gaertn.). Large crabgrass was controlled satisfactorily at Griffin in 1972 and 1973 with a single application of 1.7 kg/ha of MSMA, however, repeated applications were required for similar control at Griffin in 1974 and at Blairsville in 1973 and 1974. Repeated treatments at 0.6 kg/ha resulted in satisfactory large crabgrass control in only 2 of 3 years at Griffin and 1 of 3 experiments at Blairsville. The optimum time interval between the first and second MSMA treatments (average 1973 and 1974) was 12 days for the 1.1 kg/ha rate and anytime between 12 and 19 days for the 1.7 and 2.2 kg/ha rates. There was no advantage in large crabgrass control from treatments of methazole, metribuzin, or combinations of MSMA + 2,4-D when compared with MSMA. Single applications of 1.1 kg/ha of metribuzin or 2.2 kg/ha of methazole resulted in excellent goosegrass control without causing any permanent injury to common bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.]. Repeated treatments of 3.3 kg/ha of MSMA were required to obtain satisfactory goosegrass control.

scholarly journals Sequential and Tank-Mixed Dimension (Dithiopyr) and MSMA Treatments for Large Crabgrass Control in Bermudagrass Turf

1997 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
B. Jack Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Common Bermudagrass ◽  
Mixed Dimension ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Abstract A field experiment was conducted during 1995 and 1996 in Georgia to determine the influence of Dimension (dithiopyr) and MSMA applied as sequential and tank-mixed treatments on large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.] control in common bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.]. Large crabgrass control by late August was equal to or higher when Dimension and MSMA were applied in a single tank-mixed application after weeds emerged in early May than when Dimension was applied as preemergence late February followed by MSMA as postemergence early June. Full season control ranged from ≥73% for tank-mixes of Dimension plus MSMA at 0.14 + 1.1 kg/ha (0.12 + 1.0 lb/A) to ≥93% when applied at 0.28 + 2.2 kg/ha (0.25 + 2.0 lb/A). The injury to common bermudagrass was due to MSMA and not related to Dimension. MSMA applied in May caused only slight discoloration but injury in June ranged from from ≤42% in 1995 and ≤25% in 1996. The higher injury in 1995 was related to higher air temperature following treatments. When injury was observed, recovery occurred within 2 to 3 weeks.

Grass Control by EPTC in Sand Traps on Golf Courses

Weed Science ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 434-436
Author(s):  
B. J. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Golf Courses ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Common Bermudagrass ◽  
Large Crabgrass

EPTC (S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate) was applied to sand traps to evaluate weed control and the prevention of bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) encroachment. EPTC applied at 6.7 kg/ha in each of two applications at 6 to 7-week intervals, controlled an average of 88% common bermudagrass and 99% large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.]. Although EPTC prevented bermudagrass from spreading into sand traps, the treatments did not cause permanent injury when applied directly to several bermudagrass varieties.

Reduced Rates of Preemergence and Postemergence Herbicides for Large Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) and Goosegrass (Eleusine indica) Control in Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon)

Weed Science ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 585-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Jack Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
Common Bermudagrass ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Sequential applications of preemergence (PRE) and postemergence (POST) herbicides were applied over a two-year period for large crabgrass and goosegrass control in common bermudagrass. Large crabgrass control was better when prodiamine at 0.3 kg ai ha−1or oryzalin at 0.8 kg ai ha−1were applied in late February, and followed by MSMA at 1.1 kg ai ha−1in June than when prodiamine (0.8 kg ha−1) or oryzalin (2.4 kg ha−1) were applied at recommended rates. Goosegrass control was better when prodiamine was applied at 0.3 kg ha−1followed by MSMA plus metribuzin at 2.2 + 0.1 kg ai ha−1, or when oryzalin was applied at 1.7 kg ha−1followed by MSMA plus metribuzin at 1.1 + 0.1 kg ha−1than when prodiamine was applied at 0.8 kg ha−1or oryzalin was applied at 3.3 kg ha−1. There was no increase in goosegrass control when diclofop was applied in sequence after prodiamine or oryzalin compared to diclofop alone. POST applications of diclofop, MSMA, and MSMA plus metribuzin did not injure common bermudagrass more severely when applied to plots previously treated with prodiamine and oryzalin than with POST herbicides alone.

Effect of Reduced Dithiopyr and Prodiamine Rates on Large Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) Control in Common Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) and Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea) Turf

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 322-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Jack Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Poor Control ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Preemergence Herbicides ◽  
Common Bermudagrass ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Dithiopyr and prodiamine are new preemergence herbicides for crabgrass control in tall fescue and bermudagrass turf. A field experiment was conducted over a 2-yr period to determine the lowest rates of dithiopyr and prodiamine needed to control large crabgrass effectively in tall fescue and common bermudagrass. Prodiamine applied at 0.17 kg ai/ha in each of two applications controlled 92 to 93% of large crabgrass by late August in common bermudagrass and 78 to 85% in tall fescue. Dithiopyr applied at 0.11 kg ai/ha in each of two applications controlled 85 to 89% of large crabgrass in common bermudagrass, but the control was not consistent across years at any rate in tall fescue. Dithiopyr applied at 0.56 kg/ha on tall fescue controlled 91% of large crabgrass in 1993, but only 38% in 1994. The higher control with dithiopyr in common bermudagrass was due to greater competition with germinating large crabgrass seeds and emerging seedlings during the summer, compared with little or no competition from tall fescue. The quality of tall fescue and common bermudagrass treated with dithiopyr and prodiamine was generally higher in plots where large crabgrass was effectively controlled than in plots with poor control. In general, dithiopyr did not control large crabgrass as effectively in tall fescue as in common bermudagrass, while the control with prodiamine was similar for the two turfgrass species.

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