Construction of Roman roads toward neuroeconomics

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiya Matsushima ◽  
Ai Kawamori ◽  
Yukiko Ogura
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Foraging Theory ◽  
The Future ◽  
System Neuroscience ◽  
Under Construction

Abstract Neuroeconomics is still “under construction.” To be a leading discipline, it needs firm ecological rationale and neurobiological bases. “Vigor” supplies this infrastructure through the mathematics of the foraging theory and system-neuroscience evidence on utility and motor control. It will prepare us for the future neuroeconomics, if studied appropriately in the light of evolution.

scholarly journals Night Parrots Pezoporus occidentalis at the Ethel River, Western Australia: Continuing opportunities for conserving habitats around rare permanent springs

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 164-171
Author(s):  
Peter Curry ◽  
Charles Nicholson ◽  
Boyd Wykes
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
The Future ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Tussock Grasses

The combined records of two 20th-century observers (Martin Bourgoin and Julian Ford) of Night Parrots Pezoporus occidentalis at permanent springs on the Ethel River amount to more published records of this elusive bird over a longer timespan (1912–1964) than anywhere else in Western Australia. Likely Night Parrot habitats persisting in the Ethel River area in 2019–2020 include extensive areas of mature Limestone Spinifex Triodia wiseana with other native perennial grasses, hard spinifex on sandplains, patchy perennial tussock grasses on minor floodplains and chenopod shrublands including perennial saltbush. We evaluate these habitats for their past uses and likely continuing changes that might have affected Night Parrots. With a mine under construction upstream in the sub-catchment headwaters and indications that the species is not extinct in the district, there is an urgent need to raise awareness of a uniquely important area and to survey the area for the species. Monitoring and coordinating protective measures across intersecting land uses is likely to improve the future of rare permanent springs and sensitive habitats.

scholarly journals The Future of Particle Physics: The LHC and Beyond

2020 ◽  
pp. 625-630
Author(s):  
Ken Peach
Keyword(s):  
Particle Physics ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Future ◽  
Under Construction

AbstractI have been asked to submit a revised version of this chapter, published almost a decade ago. However, I think that it is better to leave the historical record as it was—this was an article written in its time and for its time. If I was writing this article today, I would call it “The Future of Particle Physics—Beyond the LHC”, in recognition of the fact that, when originally written, the LHC was still under construction and now it has been operating for several years. The other key event which informed the original article was the recently-developed European Strategy for Particle Physics, adopted by the CERN Council in July 2006; the strategy was updated in 2013 and formally adopted in May of that year [1]; as I write, the process of updating the strategy is under way.

scholarly journals Network Modularity: Back to the Future in Motor Control

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (20) ◽  
pp. R936-R938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ansgar Büschges ◽  
Anke Borgmann
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
The Future ◽  
Network Modularity

The European convention on human rights in the XXI century: in search of balance

2021 ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Christos Giakoumopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Original System ◽  
European Convention ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
National Courts ◽  
The Future ◽  
New States ◽  
The Face ◽  
The One ◽  
Under Construction

The original system established by the European Convention on Human Rights is based on a delicate balance. Initially, this balance was achieved through the establishment of a mechanism sparing national susceptibilities in the face of the ambitious objectives displayed by the European project. The success of the system has led to the reform brought about by Protocol No. 11, strengthening its jurisdictional character. However, having coincided with the fall of the Berlin Wall and the enlargement of the Council of Europe, the system had to face new challenges: the number of potential applicants exceeded 800 million and the accession of new States with political and legal systems in transition and judicial systems under construction have caused litigation before the Court to explode. The process launched in Interlaken ten years ago has consolidated the capacities of the system, especially as the Court has been able to take advantage of it, on the one hand by putting in place innovative and effective measures and p rocedures and, on the other hand, by engaging in dialogue with national courts. Following the Interlaken process and the entry into force of Protocols No. 14, 15 and 16, the question arises as to whether the tools that these instruments have created, so essential for the effectiveness of the system today, will be sufficient to avoid tensions in the future. The groundwork for the future of the system will have to look at the synergies between the Court, the Committee of Ministers and the States Parties, aimed at giving the Convention system all the dimensions of engagement it needs: the jurisdictional dimension, above all, but also that of dialogue, consultation, cooperation and prevention. This will require a coordinated mobilization of all Council of Europe institutions.

scholarly journals Octopus arms exhibit exceptional flexibility

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. B. Lane Kennedy ◽  
Kendra C. Buresch ◽  
Preethi Boinapally ◽  
Roger T. Hanlon
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Soft Robotics ◽  
Observational Analysis ◽  
Video Footage ◽  
The Future ◽  
Oral Surface

AbstractThe octopus arm is often referred to as one of the most flexible limbs in nature, yet this assumption requires detailed inspection given that this has not been measured comprehensively for all portions of each arm. We investigated the diversity of arm deformations in Octopus bimaculoides with a frame-by-frame observational analysis of laboratory video footage in which animals were challenged with different tasks. Diverse movements in these hydrostatic arms are produced by some combination of four basic deformations: bending (orally, aborally; inward, outward), torsion (clockwise, counter-clockwise), elongation, and shortening. More than 16,500 arm deformations were observed in 120 min of video. Results showed that all eight arms were capable of all four types of deformation along their lengths and in all directions. Arms function primarily to bring the sucker-lined oral surface in contact with target surfaces. Bending was the most common deformation observed, although the proximal third of the arms performed relatively less bending and more shortening and elongation as compared with other arm regions. These findings demonstrate the exceptional flexibility of the octopus arm and provide a basis for investigating motor control of the entire arm, which may aid the future development of soft robotics.

The Practical Aspects of a Usability Lab (Panel)

1989 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 630-631
Keyword(s):  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Under Construction

This panel will explore the practical issues behind the scenes of a Usability Lab. The following topics will be discussed: how the labs are designed and built, including types of video equipment; what situations produce the need for a lab; the history of some of the labs; lessons learned in running a lab; and how Usability Labs will be utilized in the future. The panelists will be from different industries, testing different types of ideas, theories and products. Some of the Labs represented are several years old and some are just under construction. Usability Lab testing is no longer restricted to academia and larger corporations. It is useful for many of us.

Summary and look to the future

1991 ◽  
Vol 336 (1642) ◽  
pp. 307-320 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Large Hadron Collider ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
The Future ◽  
Under Construction

A brief review is given of (i) the initial performance and impact of LEP, and (ii) possible improvements in LEP’s capabilities and research which may be carried out in the future. Following an overview of the experimental and theoretical shortcomings of the so-called Standard Model, the potential of future colliders that are under construction or consideration is summarized. Emphasis is placed on the potential of the Large Hadron Collider that may be built at CERN in the LEP tunnel, which would be a natural successor to LEP.

Photoelectric Astrometry

1971 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Francisco Villamediana ◽  
Laurence W. Fredrick
Keyword(s):  
Proper Motions ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Earth’S Atmosphere ◽  
Measuring Devices ◽  
The Future ◽  
Earth's Atmosphere ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
The Masses

Improvement of astrometric accuracy is a major need of astrophysics today. A significant increase in the amount of information about the masses of stars, parallaxes, and proper motions is to be gained. Some improvements have been accomplished in the last few years such as the astrometric reflector like the 61-inch at Flagstaff, (K. Strand, 1967), and the McCormick 40-inch (under construction). Another direction of improvement has been automation of measuring devices such as the Strand Measuring Engine and the Grant Measuring Engine; but one of the large improvements of the future ought to be observations outside the Earth’s atmosphere to the level of diffraction limited images instead of seeing limited images. The concentration of light in a smaller image will then mean both a fainter magnitude reached and a high astrometric accuracy.

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