Recruitment, growth and mortality of tree species in a lowland dipterocarp forest in Peninsular Malaysia

1987 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Manokaran ◽  
K. M. Kochummen
Keyword(s):  
Basal Area ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Recruitment Rate ◽  
Size Class ◽  
Tree Density ◽  
Pioneer Species ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Dipterocarp Forest ◽  
Lowland Dipterocarp Forest

ABSTRACTChanges in the lowland dipterocarp forest structure and composition are described for a 34-year period between 1947 and 1981 in Sungei Menyala Forest Reserve, Peninsular Malaysia. Although tree density declined by about 10%, basal area changed little, averaging 32.4 m2 ha−1. Size class distributions in 1947 and 1981 were not significantly different. Mortality rates were independent of size class. Mortality exceeded recruitment during the first 16 years to 1963, but was thereafter almost exactly balanced by recruitment. Recruitment rate increased significantly for the latter part of the study.Mortality was greater than average for understorey species and lower for emergents. Pioneer and late seral species together showed significantly higher mortality rates. Amongst the commoner species, emergent, late-seral and pioneer species showed the highest annual diameter growth rates with species averages over all size classes exceeding 3 mm yr−1; rates for main-canopy species were between 1.5 and 2.5 mm yr−1, and understorey species generally less than 2 mm yr−1.Species richness was almost identical in 1947 and 1981 (243, 244 species), but a clear decline (to 229 species) between 1953 and 1971 was recovered by 1981. Most species showed little net change in density over the 34-year period, but eight of the 32 commoner species showed significant changes, all unidirectional. These changes in species composition are not negligible, but further analysis is needed to determine if, for example, they are related to disturbance of part of the plot in 1917.

Effects of tree species heterogeneity on leaf fall in primary and logged dipterocarp forest in the Ulu Segama Forest Reserve, Sabah, Malaysia

1994 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. B. A. Burghouts ◽  
E. J. F. Campbell ◽  
P. J. Kolderman
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Forest Plot ◽  
Pioneer Species ◽  
Leaf Fall ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Dipterocarp Forest ◽  
Canopy Trees ◽  
Logged Forest

ABSTRACTEffects of tree species heterogeneity on leaf fall were studied in a primary (4 ha) and in a selectively logged forest plot (2.5 ha) in the Ulu Segama Forest Reserve, Sabah, Malaysia, from April 1988 to December 1989. Leaf fall was collected at 30 sampling points in each plot, and identified to species.Dipterocarpaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Lauraceae, Fagaceae and Meliaceae are important tree families in both plots with regard to their contribution to total basal area, tree density and annual leaf fall. The total number of tree species was higher in the primary forest plot (267) than in the logged forest plot (218), although the number of climber species was higher in the logged forest (44) than in the primary forest plot (33). The overlap in species composition between the two forest plots was relatively small (49%) compared with that in family composition (88%).In the primary forest plot, the Dipterocarpaceae contributed 29% of the total basal area and 34% of the annual leaf fall. In the logged forest plot these contributions were much lower, 11% and 15%. The contribution to annual leaf fall made by climbers and pioneer trees was higher in the logged forest plot (34%) than in the primary forest plot (8%).In the primary forest plot, leaf fall was dominated My large emergent and main canopy trees, mainly dipterocarps, and occurred as regular large peaks. In the logged forest leaf fall was dominated by climbers and many, relatively small trees of pioneer species, such as Macaranga hypoleuca, and was more evenly distributed in time.

Regeneration of a Clear-Cut Plot in a Lowland Dipterocarp Forest in Pasoh Forest Reserve, Peninsular Malaysia

Pasoh ◽  
2003 ◽  
pp. 559-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaoru Niiyama ◽  
Abdul Rahman Kassim ◽  
Shigeo Iida ◽  
Katsuhiko Kimura ◽  
Azizi Ripin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Dipterocarp Forest ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Lowland Dipterocarp Forest ◽  
Pasoh Forest Reserve

Water and heat fluxes above a lowland dipterocarp forest in Peninsular Malaysia

2009 ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoru Takanashi ◽  
Yoshiko Kosugi ◽  
Shinjiro Ohkubo ◽  
Naoko Matsuo ◽  
Makoto Tani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Dipterocarp Forest ◽  
Lowland Dipterocarp Forest

Growth and yield of tropical moist forest for forest planning: an inquiry through modeling

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Glauner ◽  
T Ditzer ◽  
A Huth
Keyword(s):  
Timber Harvesting ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Dipterocarp Forest ◽  
Management Standards ◽  
Moist Forest ◽  
Undisturbed Forest ◽  
Lowland Dipterocarp Forest ◽  
Diameter Outside Bark

For the forest growth and yield calculations presented here, the process-based model FORMIX was applied in combination with a geographic information system. The study was carried out for the 55 084 ha of the Deramakot Forest Reserve, which consists of heavily logged and degraded lowland dipterocarp forest. FORMIX was used to assess forest development with and without timber harvesting. Three scenarios were compared: undisturbed forest growth and two reduced-impact timber harvesting scenarios ("textbook" and "borderline"). The latter differ in the number of seed trees retained after harvesting. The simulations reveal that timber harvesting is feasible, although stands are presently degraded. Achievable harvesting levels differ widely from 200 to 10 000 m3·year–1 for the next 40 years for the textbook and borderline scenario, respectively. A future increase up to 80 000 m3·year–1 is possible if all silvicultural and management standards are strictly observed. An analysis of stand development reveals that the portion of commercial dipterocarps decreases with time, while the portion of pioneer and understorey species increases. Future stands do not contain as many trees >60 cm DBH (diameter outside bark at 1.3 m height above ground), whereas they contain more trees in lower diameter classes, ensuring adequate potential for future harvests.

Trophic structure of bat communities in the understorey of lowland dipterocarp rain forest in Malaysia

1990 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles M. Francis
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Trophic Structure ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Bird Communities ◽  
Neotropical Forests ◽  
Dipterocarp Forest ◽  
Neotropical Forest ◽  
Lowland Dipterocarp Forest ◽  
Sampling Procedures ◽  
Foraging Ranges

ABSTRACTBat communities in the understorey of primary lowland dipterocarp forest in peninsular Malaysia and Sabah were sampled with mist nets and harp traps to estimate their trophic structure. Overall, 4 of 26 species (15%) at one site, and 6 of 33 species (18%) at the other site were frugivores, while the remainder were insectivores. In terms of individuals, 7–12% of all captures were frugivores. However, the true proportion of frugivores at both sites was probably closer to 1%, because the sampling procedures were strongly biased towards frugivores. In contrast, previously published studies indicate that frugivores comprise 34–48% of species, and up to 80% of individuals in bat communities in the understorey of Neotropical forest. These results support the hypothesis, developed from studies of bird communities, that the under-storey of Malaysian dipterocarp forest supports relatively few obligate frugivores, at least in non-masting years. However, further data are required on bats in the canopy, and on the foraging ranges of bats to compare the absolute densities of bats in Malaysian and Neotropical forests.

scholarly journals A checklist of amphibians at Lubuk Semilang Recreational Park, Langkawi Island, Kedah, Peninsular Malaysia

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-26
Author(s):  
O. Dasi ◽  
S. Shahriza
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Amphibian Species ◽  
Dipterocarp Forest ◽  
Lowland Dipterocarp Forest ◽  
Fejervarya Limnocharis

A study on amphibian fauna at the lowland dipterocarp forest of Lubuk Semilang Recreational Park, Langkawi, Kedah, Peninsular Malaysia was conducted between December 2018 and June 2019. We recorded 18 species of amphibians from 14 genera and 6 families. These include seven new records for Lubuk Semilang, which are Fejervarya limnocharis, Limnonectes hascheanus, Megophrys aceras, Kaloula pulchra, Microhyla butleri, Pulchrana laterimaculata, and Polypedates discantus. We also recorded a new anuran record for Langkawi Archipelago, Pulchrana laterimaculata, and two endemic species of Malaysia, Leptobrachium smithi and Limnonectes macrognathus. Results from this survey indicate the amphibian species of the Langkawi Archipelago has increased from 28 to 29 species. Data published through GBIF (Doi: 10.15470/f0diow)

scholarly journals Heterospecific Tree Density and Environmental Factors Affect Afzelia africana Sm. Population Structure in the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve, West Africa: Implications for Management and Restoration

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 194008291882260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin A. Atanasso ◽  
Sylvanus Mensah ◽  
Akomian F. Azihou ◽  
Bruno A. Djossa ◽  
Romain Glèlè Kakaï ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Size Class ◽  
Tree Density ◽  
Biotic Factors ◽  
Species Population ◽  
Population Structures ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Factors ◽  
Afzelia Africana

Information on how abiotic and biotic factors affect species population structures and regeneration are critical for understanding plant growth in natural habitats. Here, we used the data from three spatially distinct populations of Afzelia africana Sm. in the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve in Benin, to determine how the species population structures respond to abiotic and biotic factors. Afzelia africana population structures were studied using several parameters including basal area, tree height, density of successive diameter classes, and size class slope. We tested for individual effects of abiotic (mound density, soil type, and terrain slope) and biotic (heterospecific tree density) factors on the species population structure. We also tested for similarity of species composition among studied A. africana population stands. Results revealed a tree density structure with mature individuals, and size class distribution indicating a recruitment bottleneck at the juvenile stage (10–20 cm diameter), possibly due to mammal browsing, natural and artificial fires. Heterospecific tree density was positively associated with A. africana adult density but negatively related to the species growth parameters (mean diameter, basal area, and tree height). These results indicate some degrees of niche overlap between A. africana and coexisting species but also partly reflect A. africana tolerance and adaptation to limited resources environment. Soil type significantly influenced both basal area and regeneration density, greater values being observed on silt-sand-rocky soils. Basal area was higher on steeper slope, probably a result of species conservative strategies. These findings were discussed in line with management and restoration action needs in the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve.

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